Inspired by dragonfly wings, corrugated airfoils offer promising solutions for low-speed aviation and marine applications. These airfoils provide passive flow control, enhancing lift, delaying stall, and reducing drag at low Reynolds numbers, which is not achievable by traditional smooth airfoils. The review synthesizes findings from experimental and computational studies, examining the influence of Reynolds number and boundary conditions on corrugated airfoil performance. The corrugation-generated vortices stabilize flow, minimizing separation and turbulence. Applications in aviation, marine engineering, and renewable energy are discussed, emphasizing the potential of corrugated airfoils to revolutionize efficiency and control. By addressing existing limitations and proposing future research directions, this review highlights the significance of biomimicry in developing advanced fluid dynamic systems for transport, surveillance, and energy. While manufacturing complexities and computational costs remain challenges, this review bridges biological and engineering design, fostering sustainable and efficient aerodynamics and technological advancements.

Aerodynamic performance analysis of a little penguin wing and penguin‐inspired wing is numerically conducted at a chord‐based Reynolds number Re = 10 ⁵ to assess its feasibility for use in microair vehicles (MAVs). The results strongly suggest that penguin‐inspired wing shape performs in a superior manner at higher angles of attack ( AOAs ) in comparison to the traditional National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) profile, with the stall occurring at AOA = 19 ^° and 15° for the penguin‐inspired wing and NACA wing, respectively. For the penguin‐inspired wing, the maximum lift coefficient is 0.89 at the stall angle, while the maximum lift‐to‐drag ratio is 3.9 at AOA = 12 ^° . The flow separation point on the wing’s upper surface exhibits a linear progression toward the leading edge as AOA increases up to 19°. Between AOA = 19 ^° and 25°, an abrupt forward shift of the separation point occurs. The separation point location, when measured from the leading edge, demonstrates a systematic delay along the spanwise direction from root to tip. This spanwise variation in separation characteristics persists across all tested AOA , suggesting a consistent three‐dimensional flow behavior over the wing surface.

Rapid urbanization and industrialization have led to the increased generation of electronic waste (E-waste) throughout the world, and the proper management of this hazardous E-waste is of utmost challenge nowadays. Bangladesh, like any other developing country, needs to develop an appropriate E-waste management strategy and increase public awareness of handling E-waste. This research aims to provide a detailed overview of Bangladesh’s current E-waste generation scenario and its impact on human health and the environment. Furthermore, the existing policies and strategies followed by the Government of Bangladesh are briefly discussed, and different potential strategies that can enhance the existing management practice are also suggested. The study shows that improper E-waste management in Bangladesh resulted in a soil lead concentration of 587 parts per million (ppm) in 2023, which is far higher than the allowable limit provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). Moreover, E-waste has resulted in air and dust containing a significant amount of Zn (2175 ppm) and Ni (1986 ppm). Water contamination is also a regular phenomenon due to the improper landfilling of the E-waste. Private–public partnership (PPP) and willingness to pay (WTP) are the two existing strategies the government uses for E-waste management. However, approaches like take-back and collection (TBC) and recognition-based (RB) systems may be incorporated to enhance the existing management scheme and ensure a sustainable future. This research will help the authorities develop a complete E-waste management route for Bangladesh that will greatly reduce the adverse effects of the waste by a significant margin.