A novel treatment strategy by co-targeting c-Myc and tumor stroma was explored in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma. BRD4 proteolysis targeting chimera (ARV-825) and nintedanib co-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes (ARNIPL) were developed to incorporate a synergistic cytotoxic ratio. Both the molecules have extremely poor aqueous solubility. A modified hydration method with citric acid was used to improve the loading of both the molecules in liposomes. ARNIPL with mean particle size 111.1 ± 6.55 nm exhibited more than 90% encapsulation efficiency for both the drugs and was found to be physically stable for a month at 4 °C. Both the molecules and ARNIPL showed significantly higher cytotoxicity, apoptosis and down-regulation of target proteins BRD4 and c-Myc in vemurafenib-resistant cell line (A375R). Vasculogenic mimicry and clonogenic potential of A375R were significantly inhibited by ARNIPL. Tumor growth inhibition in 3D spheroids with reduction of TGF-β1 was observed with ARNIPL treatment. Therefore, ARNIPL could be a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of vemurafenib-resistant melanoma.

In an attempt to find a potential cure for cancer, scientists have been probing the efficacy of the food we eat and its bioactive components. Over the decades, there has been an exponentially increasing trend of research correlating food and cancer. This review explains the molecular mechanisms by which bioactive food components exhibit anticancer effects in several cancer models. These bioactive compounds are mainly plant based or microbiome based. While plants remain the primary source of these phytochemicals, little is known about probiotics, i.e., microbiome sources, and their relationships with cancer. Thus, the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer effect of probiotics are discussed in this review. The principal mode of cell death for most food bioactives is found to be apoptosis. Principal oncogenic signaling axes such as Akt/PI3K, JAK/STAT, and NF-κB seem to be modulated due to these bioactives along with certain novel targets that provide a platform for further oncogenic research. It has been observed that probiotics have an immunomodulatory effect leading to their chemopreventive actions. Various foods exhibit better efficacy as complete extracts than their individual phytochemicals, indicating an orchestrated effect of the food components. Combining bioactive agents with available chemotherapies helps synergize the anticancer action of both to overcome drug resistance. Novel techniques to deliver bioactive agents enhance their therapeutic response. Such combinations and novel approaches are also discussed in this review. Notably, most of the food components that have been studied for cancer have shown their efficacy in vivo. This bolsters the claims of these studies and, thus, provides us with hope of discovering anticancer agents in the food that we eat.

Around 75% of the population in India is engaged in agriculture and farming. The sustainability of every economy is based on agriculture. It has a major influence on financial growth and fundamental transformation in the long run. Artificial intelligence will usher in a revolution in agricultural operations in the future. This revolution has protected crops from being negatively affected by a variety of factors such as climate change, soil porosity, and water availability. Crop monitoring, soil management, and insect identification, to name a few examples, are all conceivable uses of artificial intelligence in agriculture. The primary purpose of artificial intelligence is to close the knowledge gap that exists between inventors and farmers. Detecting disease and monitoring plant health are two of the most difficult challenges in sustainable farming. As a result, image processing technology must be used to detect plant sickness at an early stage. Photographic capture, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and sickness categorization are all part of the procedure. In reality, computer image processing was used long before human eyes were able to detect the signs and symptoms of the disease. Taking into account the climatic conditions in various parts of the world. Climate change directly affects crop output. Several soil and atmospheric characteristics are detected to anticipate the optimal crop. Sedimentation is measured by soil parameters such as pH and moisture. Today, a platform that allows farmers to advertise their products is in high demand. This paper proposes a system where farmers sell directly to clients, bypassing wholesalers and traders. A predictive analytics solution is required to maximize the farmer’s profit.