Cr-N co-doped ZnO nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic activity for degradation of thymol blue

This review provides insights into the biointerface interactions of wearable patches, focusing on their design strategies, research progress, and emerging medical applications.

Ethiopian Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn contains a variety of bioactive phytochemicals, which possess several biological activities. This study aims to analyze the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of aqueous crude flower, leaf, and bark extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, as well as to see the geographical effects and method development of Co₂Res₂/Glassy carbon electrode. The secondary metabolites of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extracts were investigated by maceration techniques. Disc diffusion methods are used for antimicrobial activities against a total of four human pathogens bacteria such as E. coli, K. pneumonia, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis, respectively. Antioxidant activities were assessed using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), whereas, the phytoconstituents of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extracts were profiled using FTIR and UV-Vis analysis. The phytochemical investigations showed that phenols, flavonoids, and quinines were observed more exist in crude flower, whereas quinines and flavonoids moderately exist in leaf, but steroids, terpenoids, and cardiac glycosides have not existed in leaf and bark extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, respectively. The plant extracts showed a growth inhibitory effect against S. aureus and S. epidermidis in the range of 6.33 ± 0.33 to 11.50 ± 0.29 mm, whereas a growth inhibitory effect was recorded against K. pneumonia and E. coli in the range of 6.67 ± 0.33 to 13.00 ± .58 mm, respectively. The XRD analysis confirmed that Co(II) based MOF, Co₂Res₂ was a nanosize structure with an average crystal size of 27.17 nm. Furthermore, the DPV showed that the observed net modified current peaks and potentials were the most significant compared to the pure net current peaks and the potential of aqueous fresh flower, leaf, and bark extracted from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. These extracts of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis have shown an improved potential source of natural antioxidants and as well as antibacterial activities. Chemically and thermally stable porous crystalline MOF, Co₂Res₂ serves as catalytic reactions to increase current and decrease potential in modified GCE, this might be due to the synergetic cumulative effect of the presence of bioactive ingredients and Co₂Res₂ catalyst. Abbreviations: ABS: Acetate buffer solution; ANOVA: Analysis of variance; ATR: Attenuated total reflectance; CFU/ml: Colony forming unit per milliliter: Co₂Res₂: Co(II) based metal-organic framework (ResH₂: resorcinol); DPV: Differential plus voltammetry: FTIR; Fourier transforms infrared radiation; GCE: Glassy carbon electrode; JCPDS: A joint committee on power diffraction standards; MOF: Metal-organic framework; PBS: Phosphate buffer solution; SPSS: Statistical package for the social sciences; UV-Vis: Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; XRD: X-ray diffraction

Injera is Ethiopian ethnic traditional staple food, made from teff and other crops. The country’s superfoods are highly regarded in many Western countries for their excellent nutritional properties (‘very low gluten’), and mineral composition. Injera provides sufficient conditions for fungi to grow and ruin injera by changing the texture and making it inedible. This study aimed to develop an evaporative cooler clay chamber (ECCC) used to extend the shelf life of injera by controlling temperature and relative humidity (RH). This system is an economical and efficient way to lower the temperature and increase RH. The results show the maximum daily ambient temperature reduced from 28.98 °C to 22.90 °C and increased the RH of the storage chamber from 28.78% to 80.94%, respectively. The temperature drops up to 6.08 °C, and the RH rises to 52.16% observed. Additionally, the effects of temperature, RH and potential of hydrogen were studied for identified rotten injera and designed for injera storage. ECCC can store freshly made injera for 9 days before any visible mould stains appear, significantly reducing weight loss with an average cooling efficiency of 79.31%. Therefore, this study might help to develop low-cost cold storage for injera preservation at farms end in Ethiopia.

In the title solvated molecular salt, C ₁₈ H ₂₂ BrN ₂ O ₃ ⁺ ·Cl ⁻ ·CH ₃ CN, the imidazole ring is in envelope conformation and the pyridine and phenyl rings are oriented at a dihedral angle of 72.52 (5)°. In the crystal, O—H...Cl and N—H...Cl hydrogen bonds link the cations and anions into centrosymmetric tetramers enclosing R ² ₄ (12) loops. Short Br...Cl [3.2313 (4) Å] and O...Cl [3.0490 (10) Å] contacts are observed. A Hirshfeld surface analysis of the structure indicates that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...H (52.4%), H...C/C...H (12.1%), H...Br/Br...H (11.0%) and H...Cl/Cl...H (10.2%) interactions.