Widespread food insecurity has emerged as a global humanitarian crisis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In response, international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) and United Nations (UN) agencies have mobilized to address the food security needs among different populations. The objective of this review was to identify and describe food security interventions implemented by INGOs and UN agencies during the early stages of the pandemic. Using a rapid review methodology, we reviewed food security interventions implemented by five INGOs and three UN agencies between 31 December 2019 and 31 May 2020. Descriptive statistical and content analyses were used to explore the extent, range, and nature of these interventions. In total, 416 interventions were identified across 107 low- and middle-income countries. Non-state actors have developed new interventions to directly respond to the food security needs created by the pandemic. In addition, these humanitarian organizations have adapted (e.g., new public health protocols, use of technology) and reframed existing initiatives to position their efforts in the context of the pandemic. These findings provide a useful baseline to monitor how non-state actors, in addition to the food security interventions these organizations implement, continue to be influenced by the pandemic. In addition, these findings provide insights into the different ways in which INGOs and UN agencies mobilized resources during the early and uncertain stages of the pandemic.

Objectives: The most successful psychological treatment for obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) is cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). However, treatment success remains around 50% when refusal and dropout are considered. Purdon ( Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental, Psychiatry , 2023, 78, 101773) argued that the CBT model is under‐specified, suggesting that there may be important treatment targets that are not directly addressed. Based on emerging research, she identified insecure attachment and fear of compassion (FOC) as potentially important targets. Insecure attachment and FOC are associated with OCD symptoms, and past research suggests that FOC may explain the relationship between attachment insecurity and emotional distress. We reasoned that FOC may also be an important predictor of OCD symptom severity. Methods: We conducted two preliminary, pre‐registered online survey studies with undergraduate samples to explore potential theoretical relationships between attachment, FOC, and OCD. Results: Study one ( N = 329) revealed that the indirect effect of attachment anxiety on OCD symptom severity through fear of self‐compassion was significant, even when controlling for trait self‐compassion. A significant indirect effect of attachment avoidance predicting OCD severity, through fear of receiving compassion, also emerged. Study two ( N = 340) replicated these findings and extended this research by controlling for depression. Conclusions: Taken together, these findings suggest that FOC could be an important variable to consider when conceptualizing OCD. Further exploration is warranted to understand the directionality of these relationships and whether attachment and FOC could be valuable targets in OCD treatment.