Bu araştırma, Kars ilinde faaliyette bulunan Türkiye Arı Yetiştiricileri Merkez Birliği’ne üye işletmelerin sosyal ve ekonomik durumun incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amacı ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın materyalini, ili temsil edecek şekilde seçilen toplam 70 adet arıcılık işletme sahibi ile yüz yüze yapılan anketlerden elde edilen veriler oluşturmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda arıcılık işletme sahiplerinin yaş ortalamasının 50.91 ± 8.95 olduğu, %38.57 oranla lise mezunu olduğu, %27.14’ünün ise üniversite mezunu olduğu görülmüştür. İşletme sahiplerinin %65.71’i arıcılıkla birlikte tarım ve hayvancılık harici bir sektörden gelir elde ettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Çalışmaya konu işletmelerdeki kovan ortalaması 166.8 (≌ 167) adet olarak bulunmuştur. Anket yapılan işletme sahiplerinin genel gelirlerinin 160 685.71 ± 21 483.14 TL olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

This study aims to analyze the technical and economic infrastructure of sheep farming enterprises operating in Türkiye. It assesses the demographic characteristics of enterprise owners, enterprise scales, production objectives, marketing strategies, and economic performance. Primary data were collected through face-to-face surveys conducted with 201 sheep farming enterprises during the 2023 production period. The sample was selected based on information provided by the Provincial Directorates of Agriculture and Forestry and the Breeding Sheep and Goat Breeders’ Associations. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27. Categorical data related to enterprise characteristics and the demographic profiles of enterprise owners were examined. The findings indicate that the majority of enterprise owners are middle-aged or older individuals, have a low level of education, and operate predominantly within an extensive production system. The producers’ marketing methods rely mainly on direct sales. In conclusion, ensuring the sustainability of the sheep farming sector requires encouraging young producers to enter the industry, expanding educational programs, and adopting modern production techniques.

Bu çalışmanın amacı; Türkiye’de ve Dünya’da arıcılık sektöründe yer alan işletmelerde arıcılık ürünlerinin üretim aşamasından pazarlama aşamasına kadar geçen süreçte karşılaştıkları risk faktörlerinin incelenmesidir. Arıcılık sektörü, doğa olaylarına daha hassas olması sebebiyle hayvancılığın diğer alt sektörlerine kıyasla küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğinden daha fazla etkilenmektedir. Bu yüzden, küresel ısınma ve iklim değişikliğinin arıcılık sektörü için bir risk faktörü olduğu söylenebilir. Arıcılık sektöründe bu risk faktörünün dışında birçok risk faktörü mevcuttur. Bu risk faktörleri hastalık ve zararlılar, ana arı, pestisit kullanımı, hırsızlık ve kovan çalınması kaynaklı risk faktörleri olarak sıralanabilir. Ayrıca arıcılık sektörünü olumsuz etkileyen finansal, ekonomik ve pazarlama kaynaklı risk faktörleri de mevcuttur. İncelenen bu risk faktörleri arıcılık sektöründe sürdürülebilirliği tehdit etmektedir. Bu nedenle bu risk faktörlerine karşı önlemler alınmalıdır. Üreticiler bu önlemleri alırken risk faktörlerini doğru bir şekilde analiz etmelidir. Sigorta, arıcılığın daha profesyonel hale gelmesi için üreticilere verilecek eğitimler, kooperatiflerin arttırılarak üreticilere daha fazla destek verilmesi gibi unsurlar bu risk faktörlerini azaltabilecek veya ortadan kaldırabilecek önerilerdir. Bu sayede arıcılık sektörünü sürdürülebilir kılmak mümkün olacaktır.

This research aims to assess the production and oxidative stress reactions of lambs fed in a specially designed cage for creep feeding. For this purpose, the Akkaraman lambs (n = 60) were separated into four groups (15 individuals by two sexes and two groups), and all were fed the same ration. On the days that all the data was collected, the lambs were precisely 20, 34, 48, and 62 days old. The study included collecting data on body weights, body measures, and saliva samples from lambs. When the change in body weight was investigated, the results indicated that the differences between caged creep and control feeding groups (P = 0.343) and among the groupings concerning gender (P = 0.735) were insignificant. The importance levels of change differences in body measurements based on feeding methods and gender are withers height: P = 0.003, P = 0.198; body length: P < 0.001, P = 0.394; pectoral chest width: P = 0.030, P = 0.906; chest depth: P < 0.001, P = 0.741; chest circumference: P = 0.093, P = 0.529; back length: P = 0.221, P = 0.935; head length: P = 0.004, P = 0.072 and head width: P = 0.112, P = 0.617 calculated. The study's saliva samples, the effects were examined, and significant differences in Malondialdehyde (P = 0.014), superoxide dismutase (P = 0.029), catalase (P < 0.001), and glutathione s-transferase (P = 0.001) were discovered between control feeding and caged creep feeding methods. In ischemia-modified albumin (P > 0.05), the difference between the groups was insignificant. According to these findings, caged creep feeding systems are preferable for achieving faster growth rates in Akkaraman lambs; however, caged creep feeding techniques in bigger areas with longer periods are considered better for welfare conditions.

This study investigated the effects of different plant protein sources incorporated into feed concentrates on the live weight gain and feed conversion ratio of Morkaraman lambs by days 28, 42 and 56 of fattening, and presents a cost-benefit analysis. The study animals included 24 male Morkaraman lambs with a mean age of 9 months, which were assigned to 3 study groups. The dietary plant protein sources provided to the animals were soybean meal and safflower meal in Group I, wheat gluten in Group II, and corn gluten in Group III. The total feed intake values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III were 40.75±1.08, 39.18±0.88, and 37.67±0.62, respectively, during the period between days 0-28 of fattening; 62.77±1.67, 60.14±0.96, and 57.54±1.28, respectively, during the period between days 0-42 of fattening; and 83.31±1.89, 77.79±1.43, and 75.97±1.67, respectively, during the period between days 0-56 of fattening (p<0.05). The live weight gain values (kg) of Group I, Group II and Group III during the period between days 0-56 of fattening were 14.82±0.84, 11.97±0.51, and 13.71±0.91, respectively (p0.05). In conclusion, while the highest income from live weight gain during the period between days 0-56 of fattening was achieved with the use of soybean meal and safflower meal as dietary plant protein sources, the lowest fattening cost was achieved with the use of corn gluten.

Beekeeping holds significant importance both in human nutrition and economically worldwide. The objective of this study is to classify provinces in Türkiye based on beekeeping production indicators using K–Means clustering method. Furthermore, by utilizing national data related to production indicators, ascending and descending trends were identified. Five production indicators (number of enterprises, number of colonies, total honey production, beeswax production, and honey yield per colony) from the years 1991 to 2022 were analyzed. For an objective and accurate classification of the provinces, the K–Means clustering method, as a data mining technique, was employed. To identify trends, the Sen Trend and Modified Mann–Kendall test were used. As a result of the K–Means clustering method, a structure with three clusters, comprising 4, 11, and 66 provinces, was obtained. Ordu, Muğla, Adana, and Sivas were grouped in cluster 1, which is the top cluster with the highest productivity (P<0.001). These provinces stand out with their different aspects. In Adana, which is categorised in cluster 1 in the Mediterranean Region, colony production continues in the winter months also. In Ordu, the most active city in the Black Sea region, the implementation of modern training programs plays a significant role in achieving high honey yield per colony. On the other hand, the Sen trend analysis results revealed a negative trend in honey yield per colony but positive trends in the remaining indicators (all P<0.001). In conclusion, it was determined that implementing practices aimed at supporting beekeeping productivity in provinces within Cluster 2 and 3 is essential. Accordingly, by ensuring ascending trends in all production indicators, a contribution to global beekeeping activities can be achieved.