This paper presents an adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable framework for the protection design and development of Bajo community living spaces in Indonesian waters, inspired by the Funaya model in Japan. The framework was developed using the Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) method, integrating the principles of Rights, Restrictions, and Responsibilities (RRRs) to address challenges in coastal management, cultural preservation, and economic sustainability. Key strategies include a protection design based on zonation and space, the application of the principles of RRRs, and the adaptation of the Funaya model. This approach emphasizes participatory governance, legal certainty, and community empowerment through training and incentives. The Funaya adaptation integrates the preservation of traditional houses and tourism development to enhance cultural and economic resilience. While its implementation requires significant resources, the expected benefits include environmental sustainability, cultural preservation, and improved livelihoods for the Bajo people. This framework may serve as a replicable model for integrated coastal management across Indonesia.

ABSTRAKSuku Bajo, yang dikenal dengan keterikatan mereka pada laut, menghadapi tantangan hukum signifikan terkait hak atas tanah di wilayah pesisir. Meskipun memiliki warisan budaya yang kaya, undang-undang pertanahan Indonesia saat ini tidak secara memadai mengakui ruang hidup berbasis air mereka. Kebijakan pemerintah sering kali lebih mengutamakan eksploitasi ekonomi daripada perlindungan hak-hak masyarakat adat, yang mengakibatkan gangguan pada praktik tradisional dan krisis identitas. Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kelemahan dalam kerangka hukum yang ada, termasuk ketidakselarasan antara Undang-undang Pokok Agraria dan peraturan lainnya, yang menciptakan kebingungan hukum bagi Suku Bajo. Selain itu, peraturan yang tumpang tindih memperburuk konflik dan menghambat pengakuan hak. Harmonisasi peraturan dan pengakuan terhadap hukum adat sangat penting untuk melindungi hak-hak Suku Bajo dan mendukung keberlanjutan ekonomi mereka. Penelitian ini juga merekomendasikan integrasi praktik terbaik internasional dalam pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir untuk memperkuat perlindungan hak masyarakat adat di Indonesia. Kata kunci: hak atas tanah; hukum adat; kebijakan pemerintah; pengelolaan sumber daya pesisir; perlindungan hak masyarakat adat. ABSTRACTThe Bajo tribe, known for their deep connection to the sea, faces significant legal challenges regarding land rights in coastal areas. Despite their rich cultural heritage, current Indonesian land laws inadequately recognize their water-based living spaces. Government policies often prioritize economic exploitation over the protection of indigenous rights, leading to disruptions in traditional practices and identity crises. This study identifies weaknesses in the existing legal framework, including inconsistencies between the Basic Agrarian Law and other regulations, which create legal ambiguities for the Bajo. Additionally, overlapping regulations exacerbate conflicts and hinder the recognition of rights. Harmonization of regulations and acknowledgment of customary law are essential to safeguard the Bajo's rights and support their economic sustainability. The research also recommends integrating international best practices in coastal resource management to enhance the protection of indigenous rights in Indonesia.Keywords: coastal resource management; customary law; government policy; indigenous rights protection; land rights.

This paper presents an adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable framework for the design protection, and development of Bajo community living spaces in Indonesian waters, inspired by the Funaya model in Japan. The framework was developed using the Regulatory Impact Assessment (RIA) method, integrating the principles of rights, restrictions, and responsibilities (RRRs) to address challenges in coastal management, cultural preservation, and economic sustainability. Key strategies include design protection based on zonation and space, the application of the principles of RRRs, and the adaptation of the Funaya model. This approach emphasizes participatory governance, legal certainty, and community empowerment through training and incentives. The Funaya adaptation integrates the preservation of traditional houses and tourism development to enhance cultural and economic resilience. While its implementation requires significant resources, the expected benefits include environmental sustainability, cultural preservation, and improved livelihoods for the Bajo people. This framework serves as a replicable model for integrated coastal management across Indonesia.