Campomanesia xanthocarpa, a plant belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is popularly known as gabiroba. Leaves of gabiroba has been popularly used to treat various diseases, including inflammatory, renal, and digestive, among others. Additionally, studies have shown an effect to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seed extract in hyperglycemic rats. The results showed that 400 mg/kg of seed extract was able to decrease blood glucose levels and to increase the muscular and hepatic glycogen content as well as to inhibit the sucrase and maltase activity. At doses of 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, the activity of these enzymes was also reduced. In the lipid profile 400 mg/kg produced a decrease in total and LDL cholesterol serum levels; and with 200 mg/kg there was an increase in HDL cholesterol levels. The extract did not present hepatic and renal toxic effects at the different doses tested. The results suggest that the treatment with Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds extract is useful in reducing glycemia, total cholesterol and LDL levels with potential adjuvant therapeutic in the treatment of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, however, additional pharmacological and toxicological studies are still required.

A levedura Candida spp., pertencente à microbiota normal, pode causar graves infecções, principalmente em pacientes no ambiente hospitalar. Os variados graus de patogenicidade e sensibilidade a antifúngicos apresentados pelas diversas espécies, combinados ao aumento da frequência de infecções por Candida spp. e às altas taxas de morbimortalidade, apontam a importância da identificação das espécies, assim como a realização de testes de suscetibilidade para o sucesso do tratamento de candidíases. Neste estudo foram identificadas espécies de Candida em isolados clínicos de pacientes atendidos em um hospital da região oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil, utilizando o método CHROMagar Candida, bem como avaliados seus respectivos perfis de suscetibilidade a antifúngicos usados no âmbito hospitalar utilizando o método de disco-difusão em ágar. Das 43 amostras analisadas, a maior prevalência da candidíase foi encontrada em pacientes com idade entre 51 e 70 anos e do gênero masculino. A maioria do isolados foi obtida de amostras de urina (n=25) e da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (n=22). As espécies mais frequentes foram C. albicans (n=24) e C. glabrata (n=13). A maioria dos isolados foi sensível à anfotericina B (86,05%) e a minoria (13,95%) sensível ao fluconazol. O setor de UTI, as amostras de urina e as culturas identificadas como C. albicans apresentaram vários isolados resistentes a todos os antifúngicos testados. O elevado número de isolados resistentes aos antifúngicos azólicos, provenientes principalmente de pacientes de UTI, indicam a importância do antifungigrama para a escolha do antifúngico e da dose mais adequados no tratamento de candidíases em pacientes críticos. Species of Candida Spp. in Clinical Isolates and Susceptibility for Antifungals used at Hospital Level The Candida yeast belongs to normal microbiota and can cause serious infections especially in the hospital environment. The various degrees of pathogenicity and sensitivity to antifungal presented by several species, combined with the increased frequency of infections caused by Candida spp. and the high morbidity and mortality rates indicate the importance of species identification as well as performing susceptibility testing for the successful treatment of candidiasis. In this study Candida species were identified in clinical isolates of patients treated in a hospital in the western region of Santa Catarina, Brasil, using CHROMagar Candida method and evaluated their susceptibility profiles to antifungal agents used in hospitals by disk diffusion agar method. Of the 43 samples analyzed, the highest prevalence of candidiasis was found in patients aged between 51 and 70 years old and male. Most of the isolates were obtained from urine samples (n = 25) and the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) (n = 22). The most common species were C. albicans (n = 24) and C. glabrata (n = 13). Most isolates were sensitive to amphotericin B (86.05%) and the minority (13.95%) sensitive to fluconazole. The ICU sector, urine samples and cultures identified as C. albicans showed several isolates resistant to all tested antifungals. The high number of isolates resistant to azole antifungal mainly from ICU patients indicate the importance of antifungal susceptibility test to select the most appropriate antifungal and dose in the treatment of candidiasis in critically ill patients.