The use of medicinal plants for disease prevention, treatment and cure is an ancient practice used by humanity, and many plants species are used in bioprospecting research. In this context, its stands out Eugenia uniflora L., populary known as pitangueira and belongs to the Myrtaceae family, with a wide geographic distribution and native of Brazil. In view of the therapeutic qualities of the plant and the lack of the studies on its seeds, the present study had as objective to evaluate the phytochemical profile of the extracts of Eugenia uniflora L. seeds, from different solvents, as well as their antibacterial activity, antioxidant and its inhibitory effect of intestinal disaccharidases. Results showed a high content of phenolic compounds and total flavonoids, thus characterizing antioxidant activity, also highlighting the best bacteriostatic action for the Gram positive strain of Staphylococcus aureus in the ethanolic fraction. Regarding the disaccharidases, a strong inhibitory action was observed for all concentrations, evidencing a antihyperglycemic potential. The present research allowed to concluded that Eugenia uniflora L. seeds have promising biological activities for the industrial sector, but a more detailed investigation is needed regarding their bioactive compounds.

Campomanesia xanthocarpa, a plant belonging to the Myrtaceae family, is popularly known as gabiroba. Leaves of gabiroba has been popularly used to treat various diseases, including inflammatory, renal, and digestive, among others. Additionally, studies have shown an effect to reduce blood cholesterol levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa seed extract in hyperglycemic rats. The results showed that 400 mg/kg of seed extract was able to decrease blood glucose levels and to increase the muscular and hepatic glycogen content as well as to inhibit the sucrase and maltase activity. At doses of 200 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, the activity of these enzymes was also reduced. In the lipid profile 400 mg/kg produced a decrease in total and LDL cholesterol serum levels; and with 200 mg/kg there was an increase in HDL cholesterol levels. The extract did not present hepatic and renal toxic effects at the different doses tested. The results suggest that the treatment with Campomanesia xanthocarpa seeds extract is useful in reducing glycemia, total cholesterol and LDL levels with potential adjuvant therapeutic in the treatment of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, however, additional pharmacological and toxicological studies are still required.

BACKGROUND: Urban leaf litter accumulating in water‐filled containers may function as either a resource or a stressor for Aedes aegypti larvae, yet the chemical and botanical drivers of these contrasting effects remain poorly understood. We combined untargeted metabolite profiling with factorial life‐history bioassays to examine how leachates from two dominant street trees, Tipuana tipu and Handroanthus heptaphyllus , influence mosquito life story. First‐instar larvae were exposed to 25%, 50% or 100% leachate aged 7 or 14 days. RESULTS: The T. tipu leachates were defined by persistent oxalic acid (cyclohexyl hexyl ester) and condensed tannins over 14 days of decay, whereas H. heptaphyllus rapidly lost most phenolics within the first week, shifting to profiles dominated by short‐chain alkenes. At 25% dilution, T. tipu reduced mortality to 7% and produced adults with greater wing lengths than controls. However, mortality was >90% in the 50% and 100% T. tipu treatments, independent of leachate age. By contrast, H. heptaphyllus never produced mortality > 16% across all concentration–age combinations. Adult body size responded nonlinearly, with 100% T. tipu aged 14 days generated the smallest adults, whereas the largest adults emerged from 25% T. tipu . CONCLUSION: These results indicate that T. tipu can shift from a nutritional subsidy to a potent chemical stressor depending on concentration and aging, whereas H. heptaphyllus exerts consistently mild effects. Urban leaf litter therefore represents an overlooked but influential driver of mosquito performance in city environments. © 2026 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.