Additive technologies are now widely used in various fields of clinical medicine. In particular, 3D printing is widely used in neurosurgery, vertebrology and traumatology-orthopedics. The article describes in detail the basic principles of medical 3D printing. The modern classification of 3D printers is presented based on the following principles of printing: FDM, SLA, SLS and others. The main advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned 3D printers and the areas of clinical medicine in which they are used are described. Further in the review, the authors discuss the experience with 3D printing applications, based on the data of the modern scientific literature. A special attention is paid to the use of 3D printing in the manufacture of individual implants for cranioplasty. 3D printing technologies in reconstructive neurosurgery make it possible to create high-precision implants, reduce the time of surgical intervention and improve the aesthetic effect of the operation. The article also presents the data of the modern literature on the use of 3D printing in vertebrology, where a special role is given to the use of guides for the installation of transpedicular screws and the use of individual lordosing cages. The use of individual guides, especially for severe spinal deformities, reduces the risk of metal structure malposition and the duration of surgical intervention. This technique is also widely used in traumatology and orthopedics, where individual implants made of titanium, a bone-substituting material, are created using 3D printing, thanks to which it is possible to replace bone defects of any shape, complexity and size and create hybrid exoprostheses. The role of 3D modeling and 3D printing in the training of medical personnel at the present stage is described. In conclusion, the authors present their experience of using 3D modeling and 3D printing in reconstructive neurosurgery and vertebrology.

The article highlights the history of Morton's neuroma study. The epidemiology, etiology, and main risk factors that act as a trigger in the development of this pathology are presented. The main pathogenesis links are revealed. Modern ideas about the development of the pathological process and the results of morphological studies are reflected, indicating that a pseudoneuroma is formed on the intermetatarsal nerve during microtrauma. Modern methods of diagnostics and criteria for making a diagnosis are listed. The role of CT, MRI, radiography, and ultrasound is shown. The clinical picture of the disease is presented. The measures for the prevention and conservative treatment of Morton's neuroma are described. The significance of therapeutic and diagnostic blockades is indicated, as consequent regression of the pain syndrome is a confirmation of Morton's neuroma in the patient. The diseases with which it is necessary to differentiate the described pathology are listed. The main methods of surgical interventions performed for Morton's neuroma are presented.

The article proves the need to find ways to ensure the effectiveness of the work of medical institutions, which is caused by the growth of requests and preferences of patients regarding the choice of a medical institution and the provision of services; the influence of digitalization on the quality of medical services and the work of medical institutions is substantiated. Attention is focused on the fact that a medical institution can become successful with an effective modern system of effective management. The main groups of factors that significantly affect the quality management process of a medical institution are characterized. The main advantages of the introduction of a technological approach to the practice of managing a medical institution are highlighted. The main mistakes in the work of the management staff of the medical institution are given. It has been proven that the effective functioning of medical institutions depends not only on the course of internal management processes, but also on the flexible adaptation of their activities to the changing environment. The essence of management methods in the current conditions of change is clarified. The main areas of improvement of the activity of medical institutions are proposed. The main mistakes of the manager that can reduce the effectiveness of management activities and the effectiveness of the restructuring of medical institutions have been identified. The expediency of creating an effective team of employees of a medical institution is substantiated.It has been proven that caring for quality patient care has a positive effect on the institution's profitability, which in turn requires the implementation of modern and effective methods of managing the quality of medical services. It has been proven that the quality of providing medical services is one of the fundamental problems in the functioning of a health care institution. In this connection, the main factors of ensuring quality management are highlighted and the main characteristics of the quality management system in the medical facility are given. Attention is focused on the fact that quality assurance is based on an integrated approach to quality at each stage of service provision. The article concludes that the creation of an effectively working medical institution is an important task today and requires significant work from the manager. Therefore, the demands of time and digital transformations should be on the agenda of all heads of medical institutions. У статті доведено необхідність пошуку шляхів забезпечення результативності роботи медичних закладів що зумовлено зростанням запитів і уподобань пацієнтів стосовно вибору медичного закладу та надання послуги; обґрунтовано вплив цифровізації на якість медичних послуг і роботу медичних закладів. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що медичний заклад може стати успішним при дієвій сучасній системі ефективного управління. Охарактеризовано основні групи чинників, які суттєво впливають на процес управління якістю медичного закладу. Виокремлено основні переваги від впровадження технологічного підходу в практику управління медичним закладом. Наведено основні помилки в роботі керівного персоналу медичного закладу. Доведено, що ефективне функціонування медичних закладів залежить не лише від перебігу внутрішніх управлінських процесів, а й від гнучкої адаптації їх діяльності до мінливого середовища. З’ясовано сутність методів управління в нинішніх умовах змін. Запропоновано основні напрями вдосконалення діяльності медичних закладів. Визначено основні помилки керівника які можуть знижувати результативність управлінської діяльності та ефективність реструктуризації медичних закладів. Обґрунтовано доцільність створення ефективної команди працівників медичного закладу. Доведено, що турбота про якісне обслуговування пацієнтів позитивно впливає на прибутковість закладу що в свою чергу вимагає впровадження сучасних та ефективних методів управління якістю медичних послуг. Доведено, що якість надання медичних послуг є однією з фундаментальних проблем у функціонуванні закладу охорони здоров'я, що пов’язано з результативністю його роботи. У цьому зв’язку виокремлено основні чинники забезпечення якісного управління та наведено основні характеристики системи управління якістю в медзакладі. Акцентовано увагу на тому, що забезпечення якості ґрунтується на...