Background: The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remains a topic of ongoing debate. In particular, the intragastric distribution of H. pylori—whether localized in the antrum or corpus—may influence gastric acid secretion and esophageal physiology in different ways. However, its potential effects on esophageal motility and reflux parameters have not been comprehensively evaluated using combined diagnostic tools. This study aimed to assess whether H. pylori positivity, based on its histologically confirmed intragastric localization, is associated with alterations in endoscopic, manometric, and reflux monitoring findings in patients with typical GERD symptoms. Methods: This retrospective study included 213 patients with typical reflux symptoms who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsies, high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM), and 24 h multichannel intraluminal impedance–pH (MII-pH) monitoring. Based on histopathology, patients were classified into three groups: H. pylori-negative, antrum-predominant infection, and corpus-predominant infection. Clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, reflux characteristics, and esophageal motility parameters were compared. Results: Of 213 patients, 90 were H. pylori-positive (60 antrum-predominant, 30 corpus-predominant). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of typical GERD symptoms, endoscopic esophagitis, DeMeester scores, acid exposure time, or mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI). Nausea and chronic laryngitis were significantly more frequent in antral H. pylori-positive patients. Notably, contraction front velocity (CFV) was significantly lower in patients with antral H. pylori compared with H. pylori-negative individuals (p = 0.002), indicating subtle slowing of esophageal peristalsis. Although this reduction in CFV did not correlate with symptom severity or bolus clearance, it may represent early functional impairment of esophageal motility. Conclusions: Although H. pylori infection—particularly when antrum-predominant—is not associated with increased reflux burden or esophagitis, it may contribute to extra-esophageal symptoms and minor motility alterations such as reduced CFV. These findings suggest that routine H. pylori eradication in GERD patients may not be necessary solely based on reflux parameters. However, treatment decisions should be individualized based on symptom profiles and endoscopic findings, including the presence of peptic ulcers, premalignant gastric lesions, or a family history of gastric malignancy, in accordance with general H. pylori eradication criteria.

Aim: The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in elderly populations, and is thought to be an important risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in this age group. Methods: The study included 104 patients aged over 60 years who were followed-up for type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months, in addition to 44 controls. Glycemic parameters, microangiopathic complications, microalbumin elimination, and the Standardized Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE) scores were used as indicators of cognitive function. Results: The SMMSE scores of diabetic patients were significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). The average SMMSE score for normoalbuminuric diabetic patients was 22.36 ± 4.66, compared with 22.61 ± 4.90 for the microalbuminuria patients (p = 0.84). A positive correlation was found between SMMSE scores and patients’ hemoglobin values and education levels, whereas a negative correlation was noted between SMMSE scores and systolic and diastolic blood pressures and hemoglobin A1c levels (p < 0.05). Patients with diabetic neuropathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, were found to have significantly lower SMMSE scores (p = 0.011). Conclusion: Elderly diabetic patients showed decreased cognitive function compared to volunteers. No relationship was established between microalbuminuria and cognitive functions, although diabetic neuropathy was found to be related to decreased cognitive function.

Aims and Background: Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is a prototype molecule of the SOCS family. Alterations in the SOCS1 expression have been reported in human cancers and some studies suggest that SOCS1 might act as a tumor suppressor in carcinogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association of SOCS1 promoter -1478CA/del gene polymorphism detected in DNA isolated from the tissues of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) for histopathological characteristics and survival. Patients and Methods: For the study, we retrospectively enrolled 53 patients with resected colon due to CRC and 23 control subjects with no systemic illness. SOCS1- 1478CA/del gene polymorphism was determined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methodology. These results were evaluated in relation to histopathological features and survival results and analyzed statistically. A P value equal to or less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Neither control subjects nor the CRC group showed a significant association with SOCS1 -1478CA/del gene polymorphism (p = 0.248). SOCS1 -1478CA/del gene polymorphism was not significantly associated with histopathological features either. However, in the overall survival (OS) analysis, those patients with the del/del allele were found to have a 3.9-fold greater risk of mortality compared to those with CA/CA allele (p = 0.05). Progression-free survival (PFS) was also significantly different in such patients (p = 0.05). Conclusion: The present study examining the association of SOCS1 -1478CA/del gene polymorphism with CRC showed that CRC patients with del/del allele had both significantly shorter PFS and OS versus those with CA/CA or CA/del allele.

Only a limited number of case reports concerning the magnetic resonance imaging appearance of lower extremity leiomyoma have been published. To the best of our knowledge, there is not any instance of toe leiomyoma reported with MrI findings. We present MRI findings of a toe leiomyoma and discuss the literature.

Giriş ve Amaç: Kliniğimizde Dieulafoy lezyonu tanısı konulan hastalar için yapılan endoskopik tedavileri, bu endoskopik tedavilerin başarı ve komplikasyon oranlarını ve işlem sonrası takip döneminde gelişen yeniden kanama ve hastaneye yatış oranlarını tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Haziran 2015 - Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında,Kliniğimiz Endoskopi Ünitesi’nde, gastrointestinal sistem kanaması nedeniyle, endoskopik inceleme yapılmış hastaların dosyaları ve endoskopi raporları geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Dieulafoy lezyonu tanısı doğrulanmış hastaların demografik özellikleri, başvuru öncesi şikayetleri, yapılmış tetkik ve endoskopik işlemlerin sonuçları, endoskopik müdahalenin içeriği ve işlem başarısı, işlem sonrası erken veya geç komplikasyon ya da yeniden kanama olup olmadığı analiz edildi. Bulgular: Toplam 48 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların 16’sında lezyonun jejenumda bulunduğu görüldü (%33.3). Mortalite hastaların ikisinde (%4.2) gerçekleşti. En sık kullanılan endoskopik tedavi yöntemi kombine teknik olup (n=30), 31 hastada hemoklips tek başına veya kombinasyon tedavisi olarak uygulanmıştı. On hastada, endoskopik müdahale sonrası erken (n=6) veya geç (n=4) dönemde yeniden kanama gelişti. Kombine teknik uygulanan hastalarda, tek bir teknik uygulanan hastalara göre yeniden kanama oranının daha düşük olduğu görüldü (p=0.027). Hemoklips içeren kombine tedaviler sadece hemoklips uygulamasıyla ya da argon plazma koagülasyon içeren kombine tedaviler sadece argon plazma koagülasyon uygulamasıyla karşılaştırıldığında ise anlamlı farklılık görülmedi (sırasıyla, p=0.300 ve p=0.550). Sonuç: Dieulafoy lezyonları, standart endoskopik yöntemler kullanılarak kanama odağı tespit edilemeyen tüm hastalarda, ayırıcı tanı seçenekleri arasında bulunmalı ve ince bağırsaklar, mutlaka olası tutulum açısından endoskopik olarak incelenmelidir. Mekanik ve termal yöntemleri içeren kombine uygulamaların kullanılması yeniden kanama oranlarını azaltabilir.