In data handling, security and privacy are essential for database administrators and users that own their information. Information about security models or architectures was analyzed for databases that minimize Cyber Attacks. The problem is that security models deployed in databases in public organizations suffer from computer attacks due to vulnerabilities in their security management systems. Data providers often publish the information for research purposes, publishing compromises on the privacy of the data of users registered in the entities. There are many security techniques for databases based on data encryption processes in transactions, however, the techniques found compromise information. The development of the document used the deductive method and exploratory research technique that allows us to study the information in the articles presented. In this document we have proposed a Security Model Assessment Prototype for Databases, a Prototype of Security Management Architecture in Blockchain for a Database, a Database Security Algorithm, a Logical Structure of the Management System in Blockchain, and a Prototype to mitigate cyberattacks. The use of a hybrid blockchain model provides the system with the optimal security that public organizations in relation to test results performed with a 99.50% security effectiveness. The simulations presented in this document were conducted based on in-depth studies and the data were randomly placed with a range according to the study results based on real-world situations.

The availability of information generated on a large scale has allowed sharing without considering the levels of risk that can be caused by not considering the confidentiality, integrity and authenticity of the information; any misuse, destruction, modification or unauthorized access with confidentiality, integrity and authentication information in an organization may affect the privacy or well-being of individuals and society. The objective is to perform the analysis of security models to generate a prototype of model to mitigate information security problems. The deductive method was used to review and analyse the referenced information and identify the ideal security models that allow to improve the security of information in a distributed architecture. Turned out a prototype model merging the characteristics of the BiBa model and the Bell-Lapadula model, creating a new model that offers integrity, confidentiality and access control as an alternative to improve the security of information. It was concluded that it is necessary to have an appropriate security model that conforms to the objectives, operational, tactical and strategic of the organization to mitigate the confidentiality, integrity and authenticity.

It was analysed in a general way and the security problem of the public organizations of Ecuador was determined. The objective is to generate a prototype in a blockchain diagram, based on an algorithm using flowchart techniques to provide robustness against failures, third-party attacks and mitigate information vulnerabilities. The deductive and exploratory research method was used in order to analyse the information available in the medium and scientific articles. Resulted an algorithm developed through flow diagram techniques to improve the processing of information in a public organization in Ecuador from the use of the Blockchain technology and the use of the SHA 256 algorithm. It was concluded that access to the data to a generic public organization of Ecuador will have an alternative to improve the security of the information with the implementation of the blockchain.

Distributed databases (DDB) help store and process data, which grows due to the current demand for voice, video and data; that require efficient processes for their optimization. The objective is to analyze the efficient processes available for the optimization of a distributed database, to determine the impact on data processing. We used the deductive method for the analysis of the information of the reviewed articles and the exploratory research; to provide a reference of the current situation in the optimization of a database. It turned out a table with the summaries of the optimization problems and the proposed solutions for the processes; in this table a score of zero to five was made based on the information provided by the researchers of the reference and table 1; considering the higher qualification that allows to improve the efficient processes for the optimization in a distributed database. It was concluded that each researcher aims to present an alternative to improve response times through proposals such as: Algorithms, models or optimization methods; this information allows an evaluation to determine which proposals could be more efficient in a distributed database.

Public organizations lack adequate models and methods to efficiently support and manage processes related to information security and IT investments. The objective is to optimize the management of strategic projects planned to improve the information security of a public organization and make efficient use of its available resources. The deductive method and exploratory research were used to review and analyze the available information. A mathematical model resulted that optimizes two objectives: (1) minimizing the costs of the strategic projects to be executed, and (2) maximizing the percentage of improvement in the organization’s information security. According to the result of the simulation, a subset of planned strategic projects was obtained that allows improving the information security of a public organization from 84.64% to 92.20%, considering the budgetary limitations of the organization. It was concluded that the proposed model is efficient, practical and can be a support tool for the IT management of a public organization.