As the dynamics of migration in Europe have been continuously changing, diverse empirical, theoretical, and methodological challenges have defined the landscape of migration research agenda. This chapter aims to reflect on the current state and overtime development of Qualitative Migration Research in Europe (QMR-E). For this purpose, we have conducted paper-by-paper analysis on original articles published between 2000 and 2016 in the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies (JEMS) and Ethnic and Racial Studies (ERS), two leading peer-reviewed journals in the field of migration research. Through this overtime analysis, we mapped the continuities and changes taking place in QMR-E with respect to their qualitative research methods, designs, research sites and groups, multi-level of analysis, and topics. In this respect, we aim to identify the dominant trends and existent gaps in QMR-E literature and to invite scholars to further develop the existing research agenda as well as to engage in new research directions.

Participatory design (PD) and co-creation (Co-C) approaches to building Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have become increasingly popular exercises for ensuring greater social inclusion and fairness in technological transformation by accounting for the experiences of vulnerable or disadvantaged social groups; however, such design work is challenging in practice, partly because of the inaccessible domain of technical expertise inherent to AI design. This paper evaluates a methodological approach to make addressing AI bias more accessible by incorporating a training component on AI bias in a Co-C process with vulnerable and marginalized participant groups. This was applied by socio-technical researchers involved in creating an AI bias mitigation developer toolkit. This paper’s analysis emphasizes that critical reflection on how to use training in Co-C appropriately and how such training should be designed and implemented is necessary to ensure training allows for a genuinely more inclusive approach to AI systems design when those most at risk of being adversely affected by AI technologies are often not the intended end-users of said technologies. This is acutely relevant as Co-C exercises are increasingly used to demonstrate regulatory compliance and ethical practice by powerful institutions and actors developing AI systems, particularly in the ethical and regulatory environment coalescing around the European Union’s recent AI Act.

Trust in science post-Covid appears to be a complex matter. On the one hand, the COVID-19 pandemic added value to the epistemic trustworthiness of scientific opinion and its potential to drive evidence-based policies, while it also spurred scientific distrust and societal polarization (e.g., vaccines), especially on social media. In this work we sought to understand the ways in which trust in science might be bolstered by adopting a multistakeholder perspective. This objective was achieved by considering stakeholders’ views on (a) how perceived key actors affect trust in science, and (b) what proposed actions can be taken by each actor identified. Data were collected using 16 focus groups and 10 individual interviews across different European contexts with general public (n = 66), journalists (n = 23) and scientists (n = 35), and were analysed using thematic analysis. Regarding how perceived key actors affect trust in science, participants viewed policymakers, media, scientific and social media actors as occupying a dual function (facilitators and hinderers of trust in science), and pointed to the value of multi-actor collaboration. Regarding what actions should be taken for enhancing trust in science, participants indicated the value of enhancing understanding of scientific integrity and practices, through science literacy and science communication, and also pointed to social media platform regulation. Implications stemming from the data are discussed, considering how multiple identified stewards of trust can contribute to an ecosystem of trust.

Introduction: Climate governance is increasingly contested, with public acceptance of renewable energy projects such as wind farms often facing resistance. This study explores how different trust-building strategies, including science communication, co-creation, benefit sharing, and social media, affect public perceptions of wind energy across diverse socio-demographic groups in four European countries (Austria, Cyprus, Greece, and Spain). Methods: Drawing on an experimental vignette-based survey developed within the EU-funded VERITY project, we assess the impact of these strategies on two contrasting demographic groups: Group 1 (young, urban, university-educated) and Group 2 (older, rural, without a university degree). Results: Our findings reveal significant variations in trust and engagement, with Group 1 generally exhibiting more positive attitudes toward wind energy (mean score: 0.49), while Group 2 was neutral or slightly negative (−0.01). Benefit sharing emerged as the most universally effective strategy, improving perceptions across all groups, particularly among sceptical male respondents. Science communication was most effective among women, especially in Group 1, while social media showed minimal or negative impact. Discussion: The study highlights the importance of tailoring trust-building strategies to different demographic contexts, emphasizing that a one-size-fits-all approach is inadequate for inclusive climate governance. These findings offer actionable insights for policymakers seeking to enhance public trust in renewable energy transitions, aligning local engagement strategies with broader climate diplomacy.

This paper studies the dynamics of political mobilization of two transnational organizations – Assemblea Nacional Catalana and Marea Granate – formed by Spanish/Catalan migrants in different European cities. By conducting cross-organization and cross-city research, we analyze why and how migrants’ transnational networks perceive themselves to be stronger in some cities and weaker in others. This paper demonstrates that there is no one-size-fits-all mechanism that explains perceived organizational strength in all contexts. The same urban context might provide different opportunities and constraints depending on organizational characteristics of migrant movements. Our study shows the ways that organizations’ political agenda and their preferred action forms affect the perception of positionality as they navigate in different urban contexts with diverging national/local political settings, political cultures, civil society networks, and migration trajectories. The empirical data in this research stem from a content analysis of the events organized by the organizations and semi-structured in-depth interviews with organizations’ representatives.

This chapter uses a systems thinking approach to conceptualise the Ecosystem of Trust in Science as a dynamic and evolving system shaped by changing research and innovation environments. Contemporary science is increasingly internationalised, oriented toward addressing grand societal challenges, and driven by rapid technological advances. As a result, the Ecosystem of Trust has expanded beyond individual researchers to include a diverse and distributed set of actors. The chapter maps Stewards of Trust and key stakeholders within this ecosystem, taking into account diversity within both Stewards of Trust and the publics whose trust is at stake. While existing research has examined mediators of trust between science and society, it has largely overlooked the relational and systemic dynamics through which trust is constructed, negotiated, enhanced or reduced. This chapter addresses this gap by providing a framework that captures interdependencies among Stewards of Trust within a complex and evolving Ecosystem of Trust.