The COVID-19 pandemic wreaked havoc on economies everywhere, affecting everything from supply chain networks to international trade as a direct result of the increased vulnerability of more nations and the disruption of the activities of key traders. This research study examines how COVID-19 affected the supply chain on a worldwide and regional scale, as well as the systemic policy and economic steps governments and businesses took to rebound and maintain resilience. COVID-19 has had a significant influence, prompting governments and businesses to take steps to fortify their operations and businesses against disruptions, highlight the necessity for resilience in supply chains and emphasize the importance of managing risk. The supply value chain is at risk from the prolonged implementation of COVID-19 trade measures like border closure, export restrictions, and import sanctions. Many businesses are transitioning from a "recovery mode" to a resilient and sustainable mode" and are beginning to plan for the future. The study suggests that corporate and government leaders should prioritize proactive and adaptable policy, economic, and structural adjustment. This research will be useful to policymakers and industry leaders in their efforts to lessen the effect of COVID-19 on the global supply chain by enforcing governmental, economic, and business reforms built on resilient supply chains and mitigating economic risks during tough times.

Background: This paper highlights the effects of internal factors on restructuring state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and investigates how these factors have positive or negative effects on applying a new structure in SOEs companies. Yemen Telecom (YT) is an example of an SOE company that belongs to the government and has a social responsibility. By following scientific theories related to research’s factors, we tried to tie our hypotheses to the theories applied to make our factors near reality and be applicable in the future. Methods: In this study, we used empirical research by making an investigation by distributing a questionnaire amongst people who have a relationship with Yemen Telecom. Moreover, the structural equation model (SEM) was used in the current study as the statistical technique for the collected data. Results: The results of this study indicate that illiteracy in using the computer (IIUC) and applying the IT Software (AIS) has adverse effects on reconstructing telecom companies (RTC); also, AIS has a causality effect between illiteracy in using computers (IIUC) and RTC. Moreover, support from top management (SFTM), infrastructure (INF), and efficiency and effectiveness of managerial operations (EaE) have positive effects on RTC. Conclusions: This study concluded that IIUC, TMS, INF, and EaE have an apparent effect on RTC, and AIS has a causality effect between IIUC and RTC. Moreover, the study declares that there is less significance between AIS and RTC.

This study examines the effects of green technologies (GT) and renewable energy (RE) on the ecological footprint (EFP) at different distribution levels across G20 countries over the period 1992–2021. Utilizing Panel Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (PQQR) and Panel Conditional Quantile (PCQ) models, the results show that GT significantly reduces EFP across most quantiles, with its impact intensifying at higher levels. However, a modest decline in efficacy at the highest quantile suggests possible transitional or scale effects that may temporarily offset environmental benefits. These findings underscore the long-term potential of GT to improve environmental quality, provided that implementation strategies minimize early-stage inefficiencies. Conversely, RE demonstrates a consistent mitigating effect on EFP in the lower and middle quantiles, though its influence weakens and becomes statistically insignificant in the upper quantile. This pattern indicates that RE is more effective under conditions of low to moderate environmental pressure, whereas its standalone capacity to curb ecological degradation diminishes in high-EFP settings. In such contexts, RE should be complemented by broader policy frameworks, including industrial decarbonization and improved energy efficiency measures. Overall, these results highlight the need for differentiated environmental strategies tailored to a country’s ecological footprint, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of GT and RE in advancing the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).