Background: The patient is observed to acquire a passive role and the nurse an expert role with a maternalistic attitude. This relationship among others determines the capacity for autonomy in the decision making of patients. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyse the nurse-patient relationship and explore their implications for clinical practice, the impact on quality of care, and the decision-making capacity of patients. Design: A phenomenological qualitative study was conducted. Settings and participants: Thirteen in-depth interviews with nurses and 61,484 nursing records from internal medicine and specialties departments in a general hospital from 2015–2016. Methods: A discourse analysis and triangulation for these sources were conducted. Results: The category elaborated from nursing records was defined according to the following codes: Good Patient, Bad patient, and Social Problem. Analysis of the interviews resulted in a category defined as Patient as a passive object. Discussion: A good nurse-patient relationship reduces the days of hospital stay and improves the quality and satisfaction of both. However, in contrast, the good relationship is conditioned by the patient’s submissive role. Conclusion: An equal distribution of power allows decisions about health and disease processes to be acquired by patients, autonomously, with the advice of professionals. The nurse-patient relationship should not pursue the change in values and customs of the patient, but position the professional as a witness of the experience of the health and illness process in the patient and family.

Background: The nursing work environment can be compromised due to workload, stress and many other issues. A good nursing work environment is needed to for the health and wellbeing of nurses and therefore measures are developed to improve nursing work environment.Aim: To determine whether measures designed to improve the work environment for nursing professionals are effective.Methodology: Online research in the Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, CINHAL, PsycINFO, and American Doctoral Dissertations databases, along with manual search, was carried out. Primary experimental studies made up of intervention and control groups were included, with pre‐/post‐measure evaluation in the nursing team, based on the effects of the interventions. Risk of bias was calculated using the Cochrane tool.Results: A total of 1997 studies were examined; 19 clinical trials met the inclusion criteria. A total of 1427 nurses participated in the selected studies. The fields of application of the interventions were personal and environmental. Out of the fields targeting individuals, three methodologies were identified: cognitive‐behavioral techniques, stress management, channeling anxiety and physical well‐being; and those aimed at environmental fields: aromatization and organization. The most evaluated characteristic was teamwork, and the most analyzed symptom was stress. Most of the interventions concluded with at least one significant improvement.Conclusions: Interventions aimed at enhancing the work environment are effective ways of increasing job satisfaction. The heterogeneity of the data did not allow us to determine which intervention is the most effective. The combination, type, and duration are variables that affect efficacy.Implication for nursing and nursing policy: This systematic review provides resources for improving the work environment that affects nursing staff, other professionals, and patients. Encouraging a healthy atmosphere leads to excellence in care and improved safety.

Fever is the most common symptom in childhood. Despite its prevalence and decades of education and research, the treatment of fever and febrile illnesses continues to cause concern and anxiety in parents. The objective of this systematic review with meta‐synthesis is to analyse parents' perceptions, knowledge and attitudes towards the febrile child and how they influence the construction of the concept of fever. The PRISMA international standards and PRISMA checklist, as well as the Cochrane recommendations, were followed. Articles with qualitative methodology have been selected that analyse what fever means to parents, what their concerns about this sign are, where they get their information and what their expectations are of healthcare professionals during treating their feverish child. Finally, 17 articles that met the inclusion criteria were added in the qualitative meta‐synthesis. The concept of fever has been represented as a non‐harmful sign in and of itself, an aspect that emerges in fathers and mothers' discourse. Meanwhile, the perceived need to lower the temperature still appears to be the main aim of their approach, with attitudes implying an emergency to reach normothermia, focusing on temperature as the primary indicator of severity.

/Objective: Combining blood flow restriction (BFR) with endurance training is exponentially increasing although the benefits are unclear in trained athletes. We aimed to describe the effects of aerobic and/or anaerobic training programmes combined with BFR on the aerobic capacity and related sport performance of trained athletes. Databases used were MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, LILACS, IBECS, CINHAL, COCHRANE, SCIELO and PEDro, through October 2021. For study selection, criteria included (a) clinical trials that recruited trained healthy athletes, that (b) proposed BFR in combination with aerobic/anaerobic training programmes (≥8 sessions) and that (c) evaluated either aerobic capacity or related sport performance. For data extraction, a reviewer extracted the data, and another reviewer independently verified it. The tool RoB 2 (Risk of bias 2) was used to assess risk of bias. Ten studies met the eligibility criteria, capturing a total of 207 participants. Although it did not reveal any significant effects from training with BFR on aerobic capacity compared to the same training without BFR, effect sizes were extremely high. Subgroup analyses according to the intensity of the training programmes found similar results for low-to-moderate or high-intensity training compared to the same sessions without BFR. Although adding BFR to training sessions always produce benefits from baseline in aerobic capacity and sport performance of trained athletes, these results are not better than those observed after the same training sessions without BFR. The reduced number of studies, small sample sizes and some concerns regarding risk of bias should be highlighted as limitations. CRD42021248212.

Knowing professionals’ attitudes is the basis for the development of skills for dealing with drug dependence. These attitudes may affect patients’ clinical safety and the cost-benefit ratio of the interventions. The goal of this study was to assess emergency and mental health nurses’ attitudes and perceptions towards alcoholics. A multicenter prospective descriptive study was conducted in six hospitals with 167 emergency and mental health nurses. Nurses classified alcoholics as sick individuals, although there was a tendency to feel uncomfortable working with them. Results indicated that these professionals had a rejecting attitude towards moderate alcohol consumption. It found that there was a significant association between the attitude of the nurse and gender, with the degree of rejection towards the alcoholic being higher in men than in women, and with less punitive attitudes in professionals with 0 to 11 years of professional experience.

Despite the high prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) among women who participate in sports, and the efforts made to affect these pathologies through pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training, its effects on PFM function remain unclear. To evaluate the effects of therapeutic exercise programmes on PFM function and quality of life in female athletes and physically active women. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, SCIELO, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, SCOPUS, CINHAL, SCIELO, PEDro, ScienceDirect and COCHRANE from January 2010 to May 2020. Study selection criteria included clinical trials that recruited either female athletes or physically active women, and evaluated the effects of therapeutic exercise programmes on PFM function. Ten studies met the eligibility criteria, capturing a total of 246 participants, of which 180 were apparently healthy individuals and 66 suffered from PFD. Meta-analysis revealed significant improvements in maximal voluntary contraction of the PFMs and reduction of urine leakage after the exercise programmes, although no effects were found for vaginal resting pressure. Most of the studies reviewed had a small sample size and a high risk of bias. Data suggest the benefits of therapeutic exercise on PFM function, PFD symptoms and quality of life after therapeutic exercise programmes in women who participate in sports. Incorporating therapeutic exercises designed to increase PFM function into physical activity routines could be beneficial for both healthy women and those suffering from PFD. However, due to the stated limitations, firm conclusions cannot be made. Systematic Review Registration Number PROSPERO CRD42020167243.