The study investigates the relationship between green production, green technology, waste reduction, energy use, and sustainability. A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was used for analysis. The data was collected from a sample of companies in the textile industry. The results suggest that green production and technology positively and significantly affect waste reduction and energy use, which mediates the positive relationship between these two factors and sustainability. This study concludes that green production and technology are critical drivers of sustainability and emphasizes the need to prioritize waste reduction and energy use in sustainable manufacturing practices. The study has practical and managerial implications in all production or manufacturing industries and provides a guideline for managers and policymakers to ensure sustainability.

In the context of digital governance, manmade activities will have the most impact on the environment. The concept of internet of things (IoT) is much more profound, supposedly having an impact on the way environmental sampling of data takes place. The cost benefits of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as alternate to satellite or high-altitude platform system (HAPS) is established as these are more flexible, mission specific, and versatile. UAV in sensor network context and communication relaying as well as data harvesting application is explored. Proposal to upgrade environmental laws and implementing network infrastructure security and cyber insurance for HetNets involving UAVs and environmental monitoring will be covered as well.

The ability to sustain communication between nodes as per Industry 4.0 standard within the waterways is still not mature enough. It is prudent to make use of natural resources that are abundantly found in the form of strong wind (wind energy) and underwater tidal waves generation (tidal energy). Climate change and environmental sustainability are now becoming more important for a sustainable smart world. This is discussed in detail along with the decentralized mode of crop management. In this chapter, it is shown that energy efficiency can lead to the selection of different system models for the internet of underwater things (IoUT) where systems are sustainable and can tap previously unexplored resources. This resource is useful as a reference to further explore IoUT and green energy harvesting techniques.

The delivery of healthcare in remote rural areas is a global phenomenon. Using digital governance, a discretized cluster of node relaying time-sensitive, and reliable data, life-critical health services can be ensured. Here tactile internet-based internet of things (IoT) and its variant internet of medical things (IoMT), as well as tactile internet, is introduced. Its relationship with 5G is explored. A model for e-health implementation using unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs) in the backhaul is presented. The link is analyzed over fiber optics, satellite, and 5G network in terms of latency and reliability: the crucial metrics for robotic surgery. It is also shown that 5G implemented in Italy, Zimbabwe, and Cooks Island have supported mobile hospitals in rural regions. Hence, induction of 5G networks is a feasible approach. Finally, a critical review of expected future technologies including telematics is presented. Hence, tactile internet-based robotic surgery can reduce the digital divide.

This paper introduces an abridgment of solid waste conditions and their management issues in Karachi. Approach that can be usedto reduce the municipal waste and the management of solid waste produced by the residents of Karachi city is Zero Waste Strategy. Zero waste strategy is a focused approach of conserving all the resources. This approach is beneficial by means of responsible production, valuable consumption, reuse and recovery of product, packaging and materials without burning and with the least discharge to air, water or land that cause an adverse effect on our environment and human health. The budget allocated by governmental bodies for solid waste management is adequate but not allocated properly to the local bodies. Bin services are provided throughout the city is enough but the locations selected for this purpose are not appropriate. Zero waste strategy (ZWS) helps to reduce the solid waste by providing a proper route, with an appropriate recycling plan, adequate management of resources, and public behavior related to solid waste. The research concludes by proposing zero waste strategy (ZWS) as an effective solution of highlighted issues for the management of solid waste in Karachi city. The current research is entirely unique and could affect the society in value-added manner.

Software defined networks (SDN) and wireless cognitive radio networks (CRN) are examined within the context of dynamic spectrum management. The features include control and data plane separation, centralized control, adopting open-source standards, programmability, quality of service (QoS) management, and security. The transformative impact of network function virtualization (NFV) is explored with a perspective on its architecture and applications in SDN, internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, and blockchain. The security aspect of SDN with specific focus on mitigating denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and vulnerabilities associated with open flow protocol is also addressed. The cognitive-inspired security mechanisms adapt to evolving threats integrating machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) based algorithms for dynamic threat detection and mitigation exemplified through case studies. Adoption of software-defined perimeter, zero trust, blockchain, and quantum-safe cryptography in future are discussed. Finally, SDN applications for IoT networks are discussed.