The security and privacy concerns in vehicular communication are often faced with schemes depending on either elliptic curve (EC) or bilinear pair (BP) cryptographies. However, the operations used by BP and EC are time-consuming and more complicated. None of the previous studies fittingly tackled the efficient performance of signing messages and verifying signatures. Therefore, a chaotic map-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication (CM-CPPA) scheme is proposed to provide communication security in 5G-enabled vehicular networks in this paper. The proposed CM-CPPA scheme employs a Chebyshev polynomial mapping operation and a hash function based on a chaotic map to sign and verify messages. Furthermore, by using the AVISPA simulator for security analysis, the results of the proposed CM-CPPA scheme are good and safe against general attacks. Since EC and BP operations do not employ the proposed CM-CPPA scheme, their performance evaluation in terms of overhead such as computation and communication outperforms other most recent related schemes. Ultimately, the proposed CM-CPPA scheme decreases the overhead of computation of verifying the signatures and signing the messages by 24.2% and 62.52%, respectively. Whilst, the proposed CM-CPPA scheme decreases the overhead of communication of the format tuple by 57.69%.

The vehicles in the fifth-generation (5G)-enabled vehicular networks exchange the data about road conditions, since the message transmission rate and the downloading service rate have been considerably brighter. The data shared by vehicles are vulnerable to privacy and security issues. Notably, the existing schemes require expensive components, namely a road-side unit (RSU), to authenticate the messages for the joining process. To cope with these issues, this paper proposes a provably secure efficient data-sharing scheme without RSU for 5G-enabled vehicular networks. Our work included six phases, namely: TA initialization (TASetup) phase, pseudonym-identity generation (PIDGen) phase, key generation (KeyGen) phase, message signing (MsgSign) phase, single verification (SigVerify) phase, and batch signatures verification (BSigVerify) phase. The vehicle in our work has the ability to verify multiple signatures simultaneously. Our work not only achieves privacy and security requirements but also withstands various security attacks on the vehicular network. Ultimately, our work also evaluates favourable performance compared to other existing schemes with regards to costs of communication and computation.

The privacy and security vulnerabilities in fifth-generation (5G)-enabled vehicular networks are often required to cope with schemes based on either bilinear pair cryptography (BPC) or elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). Nevertheless, these schemes suffer from massively inefficient performance related to signing and verifying messages in areas of the high-density traffic stream. Meanwhile, adversaries could launch side-channel attacks to obtain sensitive data protected in a tamper-proof device (TPD) to destroy the system. This paper proposes a Chebyshev polynomial-based scheme for resisting side-channel attacks in 5G-enabled vehicular networks. Our work could achieve both important properties of the Chebyshev polynomial in terms of chaotic and semi-group. Our work consists of five phases: system initialization, enrollment, signing, verification, and pseudonym renew. Moreover, to resist side-channel attacks, our work renews periodically and frequently the vehicle’s information in the TPD. Security analysis shows that our work archives the privacy (pseudonym identity and unlikability) and security (authentication, integrity, and traceability) in 5G-enabled vehicular networks. Finally, our work does not employ the BPC or the ECC; its efficiency performance outperforms other existing recent works, making it suitable for use in vehicular networks.

Vehicular fog systems that are enabled by fifth-generation (5G) networks can significantly improve traffic safety and efficiency through vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Vehicles must have their legal status verified before they can join the network, as vehicular systems depend on open communication. Consequently, several anonymous authentication schemes have been created to withstand malicious vehicles, with the foundations being bilinear pairing or elliptic curve cryptography. But quantum attacks can easily defeat these schemes. To address this problem, this study introduces a 5G-supported vehicular fog system anonymous authentication strategy that makes use of lattice-based cryptography. The suggested system communicates with trusted authorities (TAs) and automobiles over the 5G-base station’s communication range, and it employs fog servers to authenticate vehicles and distribute anonymous data. By recognizing the cars and the users they are affiliated with, the TA in the suggested method can keep tabs on everyone working on a specific task. With the use of ProVerif, a protocol verification tool, we were able to determine that our authentication mechanism effectively hides user, vehicle, and fog server data. After calculating the associated computation and transmission costs, we integrated the suggested technique with state-of-the-art anonymous authentication utilizing lattice-based encryption to ward off quantum attacks. The computational costs of the proposal technique for message signing and batch/single verification are 0.3149 ms, 0.0724 ms, and 0.0724 n ms, respectively. Whereas, 18448 bits is the communication cost of the suggested method. Thus, the results show that our solution has a reduced processing cost for creating and verifying message signatures, but a much higher transmission cost.

The functional characteristics of existing inter-vehicle communication networks are used to offer a certificateless authentication scheme that integrates fifth-generation (5G) communication and fog computing. Thus, CLA-FC5G, a novel certificateless authentication scheme for 5G-assisted vehicular networks equipped with fog computing and device-to-device communication in this paper. As opposed to prior schemes, which relayed on 802.11p-based inter-vehicle communication, our CLA-FC5G employs D2D technology, enabling vehicles to communicate directly while ensuring their respective safety and lightening the communication overhead. Our scheme contains six polynomial-time algorithms to handle the system setup, key generation, and message signing and verification processes. The results demonstrate that our method is both secure and efficient due to its lack of communication and computational overhead. We have discovered that our proposed CLA-FC5G system can lower overhead and is extremely efficient and scalable, which is well-suited for mass vehicular networks. The output reveals that CLA-FC5G, which affects both security and effectiveness, meets practical safety requirements for a believable 5G setting.

Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANETs) play an essential role in road safety through Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communications. In this paper, we offer a survey of the state-of-the-art literature about VEINS tool set which is an extraordinary vehicle and network simulation framework for VANET researchers. This paper identifies and classifies the existing research into a comprehensive taxonomy that we called Applications, Solutions and Networks so as to provide an organized survey of safety-related VEINS-based literature. This review can be used by the research community to understand where gaps exist in the literature of particular real-world applicability or integration with emerging technologies, as well as socio-economic factors associated with deployment of VEINS-based safety applications. In addition, we evaluate the VEINS framework including what it provides (e.g., better simulation accuracy), safety testing is more comprehensive as well as other technologies that are used may have like in our case 5G and AI.We also refer to its affordability, growth-ability and adaptiveness along with real-time data analytics commented the author. The constraints of VEINS are also discussed, for instance the bridge from simulation to reality, computational complexity and problems with regard to emerging technologies integration. We discuss future research directions to further enrich the potential of VEINS by incorporating Beyond-5G technologies, cutting-edge AI algorithms, blockchain (BC) for communication security and reliability, semi-virtual/hybrid simulation environments and a wider range of V2X communications. It includes case studies and applications which illustrate how general safety scenarios (e.g., collision avoidance, emergency vehicle prioritization), road hazard detection can be simulated using VEINS highlighting the importance of this approach for practicing engineers. In all, the wide-ranging review would be useful to researchers and practitioners working toward ensuring a secure and efficient vehicular network design.