The 3D printing process is a kind of additive manufacturing, that the basic principle of this process is adding material layer by layer to form a product. The purpose of this research was to study tensile properties of 3D printing ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) material with axial and lateral direction. The specimen was printed according to ASTM D 632-02 by layer thickness variation around 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm. Moreover, three specimens were made for each printing axial and lateral direction. Tensile test was performed using Zwick Roell Series Z 021 machine. Then, the fracture surface was studied by SEM testing used ZEOL JSM-6510LA. Based on the research from 6 variation layer of 3D printing, the optimal result was found on the axial direction of 0.3 mm thickness layer with tensile strength 30.60 MPa and able to receive maximum load 551.13 N. The lateral direction of 0.3 mm thickness layer has tensile strength 19.42 MPa and able to receive maximum load 349.12 N. The voids were seen at the fracture surface of specimen.

3D printing has revolutionized the manufacturing industry, offering unique opportunities for rapid prototyping and customized production. Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) are widely used thermoplastics in 3D printing due to their versatility and mechanical properties. Tensile strength is a critical mechanical property that determines the load-bearing capacity of printed parts. However, the orientation of the printed layers during the additive manufacturing process can significantly affect the printed parts’ tensile strength and overall mechanical behaviour. The effect of printing orientation on the tensile strength of 3D printed ABS and PLA materials was investigated. The printing orientation of printed tensile samples varies from 0°, 45°, and 90°, layer thickness of 0.1 mm, and refers to ASTM D638 standard. Tensile testing is carried out with the Tensilon machine. The results showed that the orientation influence the tensile strength of the ABS and PLA samples. The change of orientation from 0° to 90° causes a decrease in tensile strength of 44.3% of ABS and 52.8% of PLA materials. The findings of this study will provide valuable insights into the mechanical behaviour of 3D printed parts and inform design considerations for optimizing printing orientations to achieve enhanced tensile strength.

This study aims to determine the compression strength of the Fused Deposition Material (FDM) additive manufacturing with the parameters in different layer thicknesses between 0.10 – 0.35 mm. The specimen manufacturing process refers to ASTM D695 Standards with ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) and PLA (polylactic acid) materials. Based on the test results, the highest compression strength is found in 0.15 mm layer thickness PLA material with a yield strength value of 66.78 MPa. The lowest compression strength is found in 0.35 mm of layer thickness ABS material with a yield strength value of 33.41 MPa. The value of compression strength on ABS and PLA materials varies with each layer thickness change.

Filament-based material extrusion additive manufacturing (FMEAM) is an additive manufacturing technique that uses 3D printing. Additive manufacturing could build parts with infill variations. Solid or triangular infill pattern could be selected as needed. The solid pattern will have the maximum material volume, while the triangular pattern will contain a triangular lattice structure that fills the voids in the volume so the material requirement is reduced. This is valuable in optimizing the requirements of metallic materials for mechanical properties without changing the surface shape. The alloy Inconel 625, which is very popular in the aerospace industry have been developed as a feed material of FMEAM. However, for developing rotating parts, such as turbine blades, impact toughness, surface roughness and microstructure need to be investigated. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the infill pattern on the impact toughness, morphology of surface fracture, microstructure of side surface and surface roughness with Inconel 625 material built using FMEAM. The Charpy impact test, s ASTM 23, with v-notch testing method and SEM with EDS were performed. The results showed that the impact toughness for solids was higher than the value for the triangular infill pattern. It was discovered that the cavities in the triangular lattice structure within the specimen reduced the impact toughness to 57.6%. Micropores and residual polymer trapped on the surface reduce impact toughness. However, the same surface shape on solid and triangular infill patterns with surface roughness of 2.44 and 10.03 µm is still feasible for manufacture.

Surface roughness of ABS material on FDM process due to different orientation angle and layer thickness are investigated using an experimental method. The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of orientation angle and layer thickness on surface roughness on 3-dimension FDM printing on ABS material. A rectangle model with 60 mm length,10 mm in width, and 10 mm in height is used in this research. The orientation angle of model is 30, 45, and 60 degrees in layer thickness of 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm. The results indicates that the different orientation angle of the layer thickness causes the roughness value of the printed surface. The roughness surface value increases along with increasing of the orientation angle. The highest surface roughness value occurs at 60 degrees orientation angle in 0.15 mm layer thickness.