Healthcare faces a significant shortage of human and financial resources. One way to overcome this is to focus on preventive medicine, through the promotion of sport and the use of advanced IT (Information Technology) tools in healthcare. These tools include wearables, the IoT (Internet of Things), Big Data and AI (artificial intelligence). This narrative review article aims to present the current state of the art in the field to support the processing of literature at the beginning of new researches by reviewing the major literature focusing on three of the data management’s functions: data collection, storing and processing. To quantify the studies, queries were run on ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases. The keywords used in the queries were "Internet of Things", "Big Data", "Artificial intelligence" and "Wearable devices" complemented by the terms "health" and "sports" so a total of 8 queries were run on each database. We selected only scientific articles which contain concrete results, present ICT tools used in health or sport, and were fully available from our institution's network so we examined 35 articles. The results of the queries show that in most cases more than 50% of the literature was published since 2019, so the topic is currently a highly researched area. On average, 59.57% of all published works were published from 2019 in Science Direct, 74.49% in PubMed and 77.18% in Web of Science. The above-mentioned IT tools on health and sport is significant. Their importance is most notable in the advancement of preventive medicine and innovation in medical research.

Virtual reality (VR) provides several potentials to unlock in today’s world. VR is a computer interface that allows users to interact with each other or with the media in a computer-generated three-dimensional space using senses (Piovesan, Passerino, & Pereira, 2012). One of the most important VR environment is Second Life. It provides both for educators and students the opportunity to deviate from the habits, to leave the traditional framework of teaching and learning (Chen, 2016). In our research, we created a virtual learning environment in the Second Life that is called Fornax. The devices placed in the area were intended to provide a thorough introduction to the different parts of the digestive system. In a virtual space, students can easily learn about human organs, as they also can see what they are learning, which can be a huge help in acquiring information (Huang, Liaw, & Lai, 2016). Based on the results, we could state that test results of users who are more familiar with Second Life are significantly better respondents than the beginner users. However, one of the four types of questions that of multiple choices with short answers provided the same result.

Background: The field of smart devices and physical activity is evolving rapidly, with a wide range of devices measuring a wide range of parameters. Scientific articles look at very different populations in terms of the impact of smart devices but do not take into account which characteristics of the devices are important for the group and which may influence the effectiveness of the device. In our study, we aimed to analyse articles about the impact of smart devices on physical activity and identify the characteristics of different target groups. Methods: Queries were run on two major databases (PubMed and Web of Science) between 2017 and 2024. Duplicates were filtered out, and according to a few main criteria, inappropriate studies were excluded so that 37 relevant articles were included in a more detailed analysis. Results: Four main target groups were identified: healthy individuals, people with chronic diseases, elderly people, and competitive athletes. We identified the essential attributes of smart devices by target groups. For the elderly, an easy-to-use application is needed. In the case of women, children, and elderly people, gamification can be used well, but for athletes, specific measurement tools and accuracy may have paramount importance. For most groups, regular text messages or notifications are important. Conclusions: The use of smart devices can have a positive impact on physical activity, but the context and target group must be taken into account to achieve effectiveness.

Az előadás összefoglalója: A fizikai aktivitás meghatározó tényezője az egészségi állapot megőrzésének, ezáltal a humán tőke fejlesztésének is. (Hafner 2020; Gao 2025) Korábbi kutatások szerint az okoseszközök – különösen a mozgáskövető funkcióval rendelkező eszközök – befolyásolhatják a fizikai aktivitás szintjét. (Tang 2020; Brickwood 2019; Ferguson 2022; Au 2024; Li 2025) Vizsgálatunk célja az okoseszköz-használat, a fizikai aktivitás és a szocio-demográfiai jellemzők kapcsolatának feltárása volt a Debreceni Egyetem Egészségtudományi Karának hallgatói körében.A kérdőíves adatfelvétel (fizikai aktivitásról szóló (International Physical Activity Questionnaire – IPAQ), szocio-demográfiai és okoseszköz-használati kérdések) során 354 válasz érkezett, melyek közül 32,8% Hajdú-Bihar, 35,6% Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg vármegyéből származott. Az adatok elemzéséhez Khi-négyzet és Mann–Whitney próbákat alkalmaztunk. A Hajdú-Bihar vármegyei hallgatók szignifikánsan kedvezőbb anyagi helyzetről számoltak be saját megítélésük szerint (p = 0,001, r = 0,21), míg az okoseszköz-birtoklás, a krónikus betegségek, a rendszeres sportolás és az eszközhasználat intenzitása tekintetében nem volt kimutatható szignifikáns különbség.Eredményeink szerint a két vármegye hallgatói között nem mutathatók ki érdemi regionális eltérések sem az okoseszköz-használat, sem a fizikai aktivitás terén. A mozgásösztönzés hatékonyabbá tétele inkább az egyéni attitűdök és motivációk fejlesztésén keresztül valósítható meg. Kulcsszavak: fizikai aktivitás, okoseszköz, viselhető eszköz, sport Hivatkozások: Brickwood Katie-Jane et al. (2019). Consumer-based wearable activity trackers increase physical activity participation: Systematic review and meta-analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 7(4), e11819. https://mhealth.jmir.org/2019/4/e11819/Ferguson, Ty et al (2022). Effectiveness of wearable activity trackers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The Lancet Digital Health, 4(8), e615–e626. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(22)00111-XGao, Zhendong, et al. (2025). Social capital and physical activity: a literature review up to March 2024. Frontiers in Public Health, 13, 1467571. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1467571 Hafner, Marco, et al. (2020). Estimating the global economic benefits of physically active populations over 30 years (2020–2050). British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(24), 1482–1487. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7719903/Tang, M. S. Sun, et al. (2020). Effectiveness of wearable trackers on physical activity in healthy adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 8(7), e15576. https://doi.org/10.2196/15576Li, Ran, et al. (2025). Wearable activity tracker–based interventions for physical activity, body composition, and physical function among community-dwelling older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 27(1), e59507. https://doi.org/10.2196/59507Au, Whitney, et al. (2024). Effect of wearable activity trackers on physical activity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Digital Health, 6(9), e625–e639. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(24)00139-0