Bu araştırma, öğretmenlerin serbest zamanlarda yaptıkları çeşitli etkinliklerin mesleki ve kişisel gelişimlerine katkılarını, aile ve sosyal yaşamlarına etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgubilim deseni kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılar, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme ve maksimum çeşitlilik örnekleme tekniklerine göre belirlenmiştir. Veriler, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmış, betimsel analiz yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda, öğretmenlerin daha çok müzik ve spor ağırlıklı etkinliklerde bulundukları; serbest zaman etkinliklerinin mesleki gelişim alanında farklı öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri kullanma, motivasyon ve öğrencilerle iletişim ile ilgili katkılarının olduğu; kişisel gelişim alanında farklı bakış açısı geliştirme, mutluluk, özgüven ve sosyal iletişim becerilerine dönük katkılar sağladığı görülmüştür. Aile ve sosyal yaşam alanında ortak mutluluk, eğlenme ve çevre edinme gibi olumlu etkilerin yanısıra; ailenin ihmal edilmesi ve ekonomik yük gibi olumsuz etkilerin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayalı olarak, uygulamaya ve gelecekteki araştırmalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

This study was conducted to determine the effects of blog-based teaching on academic achievement and pre-service teachers’ ideas about this implementation. Participants of the study consist of 51 sophomore students of the department of Computer Education and Educational Technology in Inonu University, Turkey. The research method is a mixed method in which qualitative and quantitative methods are combined. Pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental method with control group in the quantitative part and case study in the qualitative part were used. Experimental procedure lasted for 5 weeks during ‘Assessment and Evaluation’ course that is among the teacher education programs. The web blog was prepared by the researchers in accordance with the purpose of this study, the data was collected through an academic achievement test and interview form. At the end of the research, there is a significant difference between the pre-tests and post-tests of the experimental and control groups. No significant difference between the post-tests of the groups and retention was found. It was observed from the interviews that besides the advantages such as facilitating preparation for the lesson , information sharing, active participation and increase in achievement, there were disadvantages of blog-based teaching such as achieving not a full form of participation, internet and computer requirements. Also, it was concluded that blog-based teaching can be used mostly in verbal lessons by rich resources and data diversification.

Fault location estimation in transmission lines is critical for power system reliability. Various methods have been developed for this purpose, among which transient frequency spectrum analysis (TFSA) stands out as a recent method based on travelling wave (TW) theory. TFSA determines the fault location by analyzing the frequency spectrum of transient currents and/or voltages at the instant of the fault, offering advantages such as independence from fault impedance and the ability to locate faults with one-side measurements. Despite its success in fault location, TFSA has several considerations that warrant detailed investigation. This study explores the effects of source inductance, series compensation, fault arc, and current transformer (CT) characteristics on transient frequencies. Additionally, the impact of noise on TFSA results is examined. The new proposed source inductance compensation method can reduce the error of 6.55% to 0.88%, where the same error can be reduced to 3.45% with the compensation method given in previous study. Strategies to enhance accuracy are discussed and compared to previous studies, including a proposed detection approach providing appropriate data size and precise wave propagation speed calculations. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of TFSA’s limitations and inform practical improvements for fault location accuracy in power transmission systems.

In this study, High Voltage Transmission Line fault location accuracy of distance relays running impedance algorithm are compared with Travelling Wave (TW) method. Line faults in 154 kV Tatvan – Muş and 154 kV Patnos-Erciş lines in Turkish Electrical Transmission System are analyzed. Real faults in both lines are simulated in MATLAB-SIMULINK. Tower configuration and conductor properties of the lines and the source impedances are included in the simulation to comply with real system. Simulations show that both single-end and double-end Wavelet Transform (WT) based TW methods have better accuracy then the distance relays computing fault location by impedance methods.

Reliable real-time information has become an important factor for safe delivery of power to the end-users and productivity of the electric utility and customer pleasure. Communication networks constitute the core of electrical system control applications in industry. The commercial and operational demands of electric utilities need a high-performance data communication network that improves the electrical system performance and provides possibility of a detailed study to predict failures. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems are widely used in industry for supervisory control and data acquisition of industrial processes. Users working in various departments in an electric power company require access to SCADA data. Therefore, a design of cost-effective and reliable network architecture is a very important issue. Each network component has a specific address and the maximum amount of components is restricted for the communication channel and protocol. In this paper, a power control application is studied by using wireless technology, and a SCADA system along with the MODBUS protocol which is one of the most common communication protocols used in industrial environments. The application is carried out in a power distribution center found at the electrical distribution system located in Van, Turkey.

Fault location in power transmission lines (PTLs) relies on impedance or traveling wave (TW) principles. TW approaches offer superior accuracy and high robustness against fault resistance. While multi-ended methods require precise terminal synchronization, single-ended TW (SETW) methods utilize measurements from one terminal, requiring accurate distinction of reflected waves. This study employs the computationally efficient approximate derivative (AD)—the difference between consecutive samples—for SETW fault detection and location. Normally near zero, the AD of modal signals produces sharp transitions during faults. Comparing AD output to a threshold achieves fault detection. The AD then identifies arrival times of the incident and reflected TWs. When using TW theory to distinguish reflections from the fault point and remote end, the fault distance is calculated from their arrival time difference. Validated through 293 diverse ATP simulated fault scenarios, the approach delivered highly accurate results despite using a lower sampling rate than established methods, utilizing an exceptionally short data window—only 2.03 ms for a 300 km line. Finally, operational boundaries for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in noisy conditions are established.