The present study is to design an eco-friendly mode to rapidly synthesize selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) through Ceropegia bulbosa tuber’s aqueous extracts and confirming SeNPs synthesis by UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM-EDS mapping, HR-TEM, DLS and zeta potential analysis. In addition, to assess the anti-cancer efficacy of the SeNPs against the cultured MDA-MB-231, as studies have shown SeNPs biosynthesis downregulates the cancer cells when compared to normal HBL100 cell lines. The study observed the IC₅₀ value of SeNPs against MDA-MB-231 cells was 34 µg/mL for 48 h. Furthermore, the SeNPs promotes growth inhibitory effects of certain clinical pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Apart, from this the SeNPs has shown larvicidal activity after 24 h exposure in Aedes albopitus mosquito’s larvae with a maximum of 250 g/mL mortality concentration. This is confirmed by the histopathology results taken at the 4th larval stage. The histopathological studies revealed intense deterioration in the hindgut, epithelial cells, mid gut and cortex region of the larvae. Finally, tried to investigate the photocatalytic activity of SeNPs against the toxic dye, methylene blue using halogen lamp and obtained 96% degradation results. Withal computational study SeNPs was shown to exhibit consistent stability towards breast cancer protein BRCA2. Overall, our findings suggest SeNPs as a potent disruptive agent for MDA-MB-231 cells, few pathogens, mosquito larvae and boosts the photocatalytic dye degradation.

The present study focuses on extraction of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) from Barleria longiflora L. leaves for antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. The extracted Ag-NPs have been characterized by XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM with EDX, HR-TEM accompanied SAED pattern and UV-Visible absorption spectroscopic techniques. Spectral studies confirmed the UV-Visible absorption spectrum of the Ag-NPs at a wavelength of 443 nm and a good crystalline nature with a face-centered cubic crystal structure using XRD spectrum. Surface topography and the presence of Ag in the prepared sample have been confirmed from SEM and EDX measurements. Various functional groups present in the sample have been examined using FT-IR spectroscopic analysis. A homogeneous dispersion of spherical form nanoparticles with a usual size of 2.4 nm was confirmed by visualization using FE-SEM and HR-TEM. Moreover, Ag-NPs stimulate a strong inhibition of Enterococcus sp., Streptococcus sp, Bacillus megaterium, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylocouus aureus; with a good catalytic reduction activity for degrading organic methylene blue (MB) dye. Therefore, silver nanoparticles obtained from Barleria longiflora L. have potential application in medicine and photocatalytic dye degradation processes.

Fucoidan, a polymer derived from seaweed, poses a broad range of biological applications, and its potential medicinal benefits have been widely studied over the past decade. In this study, fucoidan was extracted from marine macroalga Sargassum ilicifolium and its bioactive potential for in silico molecular docking was investigated. Additionally, the computational in silico docking studies were applied on the fucoidan against anticancer and antioxidant target proteins by using Glide ligand docking, Schrodinger software. The FT-IR analysis revealed that fucoidan mainly consisted of the fucose residues (59.1%) and a few monosaccharides, such as uronic acid (11.7%) and sulphate (18.3%). The in vitro tests revealed that fucoidan possessed various antioxidative properties and anticoagulant activities. Fucoidans played an inhibitory role in the colony formation of HepG2 cells. The NADPH oxidase (−7.169 Kcal/mol) and cellular tumor antigen p53 protein (−6.205 Kcal/mol) exhibited the highest antioxidant and anticancer proteins, respectively. Overall, the present study results provide a theoretical foundation for broadening the application of fucoidan from S. ilicifolium as a pharmaceutical ingredient.