Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are a group of lymphoid neoplasms with high relapse rates and no curative treatment other than allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). CTCL is significantly influenced by disruption of JAK/STAT signaling. Therefore, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors may be promising for CTCL treatment. This study is a systematic review aiming to investigate the role of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of CTCL, including their efficacy and safety. Out of 438 initially searched articles, we present 13 eligible ones. The overall response rate (ORR) in the treatment with JAK inhibitors in clinical trials was 11–35%, although different subtypes of CTCL showed different ORRs. Mycosis fungoides showed an ORR of 14–45%, while subcutaneous-panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) displayed an ORR ranging from 75% to 100%. Five cases were reported having a relapse/incident of CTCL after using JAK inhibitors; of these, three cases were de novo CTCLs in patients under treatment with a JAK inhibitor due to refractory arthritis, and two cases were relapsed disease after graft-versus-host disease treatment following allo-SCT. In conclusion, using JAK inhibitors for CTCL treatment seems promising with acceptable side effects, especially in patients with SPTCL. Some biomarkers, like pS6, showed an association with better responses. Caution should be taken when treating patients with an underlying autoimmune disease and prior immunosuppression.

Objectives: Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X‐linked, autoinflammatory, somatic (VEXAS) syndrome is an autoinflammatory disease with a wide spectrum of manifestations and no standard treatment. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAK‐I) are small‐molecule drugs that affect many molecular pathways. We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of JAK‐I in the treatment of VEXAS syndrome. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using MeSH terms/keywords related to JAK‐I and VEXAS syndrome through PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase until July 6, 2025. Results: We included 29 articles: 8 cohort, 8 case series, and 13 case reports. Our study includes data for 186 cases. The mean age was 69.64 years, and 83.33% were male. The most frequent manifestations were skin lesions (64.51%), fever (64.51%), arthritis and arthralgia (61.29%), lung involvement (31.72%), and venous thrombosis (24.19%). In general, 33.87% had a complete response, and 29.57% had a partial response. Ruxolitinib was used in 117 patients. Thirty‐four out of 117 (29.06%) experienced complete to partial remission. Tofacitinib was used in 31 patients. About 29% of them showed complete to partial remission. Baricitinib was used in 25 patients; 12% had complete remission, and 16% had partial remission. Upadacitinib was used in 13 patients, which led to a complete remission in 38.46%. Filgotinib was used in four patients, leading to partial remission in one case. Among all, 36.55% showed adverse effects. Of these, eight were on Ruxolitinib, two on Tofacitinib, two on Baricitinib, and three on Upadacitinib. Conclusion: JAK‐I seems to be a promising treatment option with tolerable adverse effects for VEXAS syndrome.

Introduction: Radiology plays an important role in medical diagnoses, and proper techniques are critical in disease diagnosis. As a result, physicians’ and medical students’ knowledge of this field, as well as their mastery of imaging techniques, is critical. The purpose of this study was to assess Iranian medical students, residents, and physicians’ knowledge of the fundamentals of various imaging methods, the amount of ionizing radiation in each type of imaging, and diagnostic imaging techniques. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which 454 general practitioners, residents and medical interns in Iran have filled out an online questionnaire regarding the details of different imaging methods. The results after correcting and scoring this the questionnaires were subjected to statistical analysis. Results: Only 5.2% of the questions about the amount of ionizing radiation in all types of imaging were correctly answered. Twenty two% of interns, 16% of general practitioners, and 23% of residents had accurate information about the side effects of diagnostic imaging. Ninety four% of participants were aware that the sonography method does not use ionizing radiation. Also, while 90% of participants were correct about the computed tomography (CT) scan, the percentage of those who were correct about the barium, positron emission tomography (PET), mammography, and Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was lower. Conclusion: This study reveals a significant knowledge gap among Iranian medical professionals regarding ionizing radiation risks and dosages, despite frequent use of CT and PET scans. Findings highlight the need to enhance radiology education for safer diagnostic practices and better patient outcomes. This research provides a foundation for future studies on radiologic knowledge.