O objetivo deste estudo populacional foi verificar as prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Santos, SP. Foram avaliadas crianças de 7 a 10 anos de idade, num total de 10.822 crianças. Para a determinação de sobrepeso e obesidade foram utilizados, respectivamente, os percentis 85 e 95 do IMC por idade propostos pelos Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC (2000). As prevalências totais de sobrepeso e obesidade foram de 15,7% (IC 95%= 15,0% a 16,4%) e 18,0% (17,3% a 18,7%), respectivamente. A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 13,7% (12,6% a 14,8%) nos meninos e 14,8% (13,7% a 15,9%) nas meninas das escolas públicas. Nas escolas particulares, foi de 17,7% (15,7% a 19,7%) nos meninos e 22,2% (20,0% a 24,4%) nas meninas. A obesidade foi prevalente em 16,9% (15,7% a 18,1%) dos meninos e 14,3% (13,2% a 15,4%) das meninas das escolas públicas. Nas escolas particulares, 29,8% (27,4% a 32,2%) dos meninos e 20,3% (18,2% a 22,4%) das meninas foram diagnosticados como obesos. Concluímos que a prevalência de obesidade é superior à de estudos nacionais e latino-americanos. Escolas privadas apresentaram prevalência de obesidade maior que escolas públicas (p= 0,001).

This systematic review aims to explore and describe the studies that have as a primary outcome the identification of mothers' perception of the nutritional status of their children. the PubMed, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO databases were researched, regardless of language or publication date. The terms used for the search, with its variants, were: Nutritional Status, Perception, Mother, Maternal, Parents, Parental. after screening of 167 articles, 41 were selected for full text reading, of which 17 were included in the review and involved the evaluation of the perception of mothers on the nutritional status of 57,700 children and adolescents. The methodological quality of the studies ranged from low to excellent. The proportion of mothers who inadequately perceived the nutritional status of their children was high, and was the most common underestimation for children with overweight or obesity. despite the increasing prevalence of obesity in pediatric age, mothers have difficulty in properly perceiving the nutritional status of their children, which may compromise referral to treatment programs.

Objective: To investigate the difference in the proportion of adolescents with metabolic syndrome diagnosed based on three different criteria, as well as the use of insulin resistance instead of fasting glucose.Methods: Cross-sectional study with 121 obese adolescents, between 10 and 14 years old, from public schools of the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 2011. Anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical variables were assessed. Metabolic syndrome was defined using three different diagnostic criteria: the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook and de Ferranti. All of them include five components: waist circumference, blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting glucose, and there should be at least three abnormal results for the diagnosis of the syndrome. the Homeostasis Model Assessment - Insuline Resistance (HOMA-IR) was used for the characterization of insulin resistance. the analysis of agreement among the criteria was performed using Kappa statistics.Results: Metabolic syndrome Was diagnosed in 39.7, 51.2, and 74.4% of adolescents, according to the IDF, Cook and de Ferranti criteria, respectively. There was agreement for the three diagnostic criteria in 60.3% of the sample. Waist circumference was the most prevalent component (81.0, 81.0, and 96.7%), whereas high fasting glucose was the least prevalent (7.4, 1.7, and 1.7%). the use of HOMA-IR significantly increased the proportion of positive diagnoses for the syndrome.Conclusion: the results showed significant differences between the three diagnostic criteria. While there is no consensus on the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome, differences in the prevalence of the disease in pediatric population will be frequent.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundo de Incentivo a Pesquisa e Eventos (FIPE), Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)Research and Events Incentive Fund - FIPE of Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre - HCPAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Escola Educ Fis ESEF, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, ESEF, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv London, Inst Child Hlth, London WC1N 1EH, EnglandUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Fac Med, Dept Pediat, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHCPA, Serv Pediat, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo UNIFESP, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 159754/2010-0Web of Scienc

This study aimed to compare compliance with 24-h movement guidelines across countries and examine the associations with markers of adiposity in adults from eight Latin American countries. The sample consisted of 2338 adults aged 18–65 years. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) data were objectively measured using accelerometers. Sleep duration was self-reported using a daily log. Body mass index and waist circumference were assessed as markers of adiposity. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as ≥ 150 min/week of MVPA; ≤ 8 h/day of SB; and between 7 and 9 h/day of sleep. The number of guidelines being met was 0.90 (95% CI 0.86, 0.93) with higher value in men than women. We found differences between countries. Meeting two and three movement guidelines was associated with overweight/obesity (OR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.58, 0.97 and OR: 0.69, 95% CI 0.51, 0.85, respectively) and high waist circumference (OR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.56, 0.97 and OR: 0.77, 95% CI 0.62, 0.96). Meeting MVPA and SB recommendations were related to reduced adiposity markers but only in men. Future research is needed to gain insights into the directionality of the associations between 24-h movement guidelines compliance and markers of adiposity but also the mechanisms underlying explaining differences between men and women.

The bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is one of the most commonly used techniques for assessing body composition in a clinical setting and in field approaches, as it has the advantages of easy application, fast, and non-invasive, in addition to its relatively low cost. However, the available predictive equations need to be valid for the evaluated subjects. The aim of this study was to verify the validity of several published BIA equations in estimating fat-free mass (FFM) among Brazilian adolescents, in addition to developing and cross-validating a BIA equation to estimate FFM appropriate for Brazilian adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study with 257 adolescents (128 girls) aged 10–19 years, randomly divided into two groups, namely, development (n = 172) and cross-validation (n = 85). The standard technique for assessing FFM was dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The paired t-test, multiple regression, and the Bland-Altman plots were used to test the validity of the proposed models and to perform cross-validation of the model. The equation derived in this study was as follows: FFM = −17.189 + 0.498 (Height²/Resistance) + 0.226 Weight + 0.071 Reactance − 2.378 Sex + 0.097 Height + 0.222 Age; r² = 0.92; standard error of the estimate = 2.49 kg; the new equation for FFM showed better agreement when compared with that of the equations developed in other countries. In conclusion, the newly developed equations provide a valid FFM estimation and are recommended for Brazilian adolescents with similar characteristics.