Electrospinning of biomimetic materials is of particular interest due to the possibility of producing flexible layers with highly developed surfaces from a wide range of polymers. Additionally, electrospinning is characterized by a high simplicity of implementation and the ability to modify the produced fibrous materials, which resemble structures found in living organisms. This study explores new electrospun materials based on polyhydroxyalkanoates, specifically poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, modified with chlorophyll derivatives. The research investigates the impact of chlorophyll derivatives on the morphology, supramolecular structure, and key properties of nonwoven materials. The obtained results are of interest for the development of new flexible materials with low concentrations of chlorophyll derivatives.

Biomimetic materials are substances that replicate natural structures. There are several methods for producing such materials with highly developed surfaces from a wide range of polymers, but electrospinning is of particular interest due to its simplicity of implementation and the ability to modify the produced fibrous materials resembling structures found in living organisms. This study explores new biomimetic materials based on polyhydroxyalkanoates, specifically poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, modified with chlorophyll derivatives. The research investigates the impact of chlorophyll derivatives on the morphology, supramolecular structure, and key properties of nonwoven materials. The obtained results are of interest for the development of new biomimetic environmentally friendly materials for biomedicine with special properties.

This work is devoted to the creation of biocompatible fibrous materials with a high antimicrobial effect based on poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and chlorophyll (Chl). The data obtained show the possibility of obtaining fibrous materials from PHB and Chl by electrospinning methods. The obtained electrospun matrices were investigated by the SEM, DSC and FTIR methods. Various key properties of the matrices were evaluated, including hydrophilicity and mechanical strength, as well as photodynamic and light-dependent antimicrobial effects against the conditionally pathogenic microorganism Staphylococcus aureus. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in electrospinning properties for a concentration of 0.5% Chl and a reduction in fiber formation defects, as well as an increase in the strength of nonwovens. It was found that the antimicrobial potential of Chl-PHB (with concentrations of Chl of 1.25 and 1.5%) is higher than that of Chl in free form. It was also determined that irradiation increases the inhibitory effect of Chl, both in free form and in the form of a complex with a polymer.

Метод электроформования широко применяется для получения биомиметических материалов, обладающих развитой пористой структурой и высоким сродством к тканям живых организмов. Одним из перспективных полимеров для таких систем является поли( - 3 - гидроксибутират) (П3ГБ), свойства которого могут быть направленно модифицированы за счет введения функциональных добавок. Целью работы являлось исследование влияния гемина на структуру, физико - механические свойства и скорость биоде-градации нетканых материалов на основе П3ГБ. Нетканые композиты «П3ГБ – ге-мин» с содержанием добавки 0–5 мас. % были получены методом электроформо-вания. Исследования структуры и свойств композитов проведены методами: ска-нирующей электронной микроскопии (СЭМ) и оптической микроскопии, диффе-ренциальной сканирующей калориметрии (ДСК), термогравиметрического анализа (ТГА), электронного парамагнитного резонанса (ЭПР) и испытаний на одноосное растяжение, а также оценивалась способность полученных материалов к биоде-градации по методу Штурма. Установлено, что введение гемина приводит к сниже-нию среднего диаметра волокон с 3,5 до 1,8 мкм, уменьшению дефектности струк-туры и увеличению прочности материалов с 1,7 до 5,5 МПа при росте относитель-ного удлинения с 3,6 до 6,1 %. Показано, что добавка гемина влияет на надмолеку-лярную организацию полимера: наблюдается снижение энтальпии плавления с 93,1 до 75,3 Дж/г и увеличение времени корреляции спинового зонда с 45 до 95 нс, что свидетельствует об уплотнении аморфной фазы. При этом максимальная тер-мостабильность достигается при содержании гемина 3 мас. % Установлено, что введение гемина замедляет биодеградацию материалов после 30 суток экспозиции за счет изменения структуры и снижения доступности полимера для микробиоло-гического разрушения. Таким образом, гемин может выступать в роли структуро-образующей и функциональной добавки, обеспечивая формирование более устойчивых к деструкции материалов на основе П3ГБ. Результаты могут быть использованы при разработке биомедицинских материалов с регулируемыми свойствами и скоростью деградации.

The electrospinning method is widely used to produce biomimetic materials with a developed porous structure and high affinity for the tissues of living organisms. One of the promising polymers for such systems is poly(-3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB), whose proper-ties can be purposefully modified by introducing functional additives. The aim of the work was to study the effect of hemin on the structure, physico-mechanical properties and biodegradation rate of nonwovens based on P3HB. Non-woven composites P3HB-hemin with an additive content of 0–5 wvol. % were obtained by electroforming. Studies of the structure and properties of composites were carried out using the following methods: scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, electron par-amagnetic resonance and uniaxial tensile tests, and the ability of the obtained materials to biodegrade using the Sturm method was evaluated. It was found that the introduction of hemin leads to a decrease in the average diameter of fibers from 3.5 to 1.8 microns, a decrease in structural defects and an increase in the strength of materials from 1.7 to 5.5 MPa with an increase in elongation from 3.6 to 6.1 %. It has been shown that the addition of hemin affects the supramolecular organization of the polymer: there is a decrease in the melting enthalpy from 93.1 to 75.3 J/g and an increase in the correlation time of the spin probe from 45 to 95 ns, which indicates the condensation of the amorphous phase. At the same time, the maximum thermal stability is achieved with a hemin content of 3 wvol. % It was found that the introduction of hemin slows down the biodegradation of materials after 30 days of exposure by changing the structure and reducing the availabil-ity of the polymer for microbiological destruction. Thus, hemin can act as a structure-forming and functional additive, ensuring the formation of materials based on P3HB that are more resistant to degradation. The results obtained can be used in the development of biomedical materials with controlled properties and degradation rates.