The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic feasibility of integrating Jamnapari goats into underutilized pasture lands under coconut cultivations managed by the Coconut Research Institute of Sri Lanka. Naturally grown and improved pasture samples were collected from coconut estates in the intermediate zone of Sri Lanka. Samples were taken randomly using a quadrant, and analyzed for dry matter (DM) yield (kg/ha), crude protein (CP), and crude fiber (CF) contents. An economic feasibility analysis was carried out based on average DM yields and respective carrying capacities of pastures and related production and economics data. The mean DM yield of natural and improved pastures ranged from 2141 ± 193 kg/ha to 3314 ± 212 kg/ha and 4231 ± 407 kg/ha to 9152 ± 531 kg/ha, respectively. Accordingly, CP and CF of natural and improved pastures ranged from 6.3 ± 0.2% to 18.5 ± 0.2% and 30.0 ± 0.4% to 33 ± 0.3%, respectively. Estimated Jamnapari goat carrying capacities for natural and improved pastures were 8 heads/ha and 24 heads/ha, respectively, including does, kids, and a buck. At a 15% discount rate for 10 years, the net present value (NPV) for the coconut monoculture system was approximately 0.45 million rupees, and for integrated systems with natural and improved pastures, it was 1.4 and 4.7 million rupees, respectively. This study concluded that, when goats are integrated with improved and natural pastures rather than maintaining a monoculture, the economic feasibility and profitability will be higher.

Globally, there is an increasing regional economic development disparity. The region’s growth depends on strong economic development. The sustainable development of Sri Lanka could be harmed by the regional economic disparity. An essential consideration in the establishment of regional development policies is the identification and magnitude of regional economic disparities. This study looks at the current state of Sri Lanka’s regional economic development disparity. This study’s methodology in this regard involved using several economic development metrics. Data for the year 2019 was acquired through authoritative sources. The multivariate analysis technique using the principal component analysis (PCA) approach has been adopted, which assigns a weight to each dimension and indicator to create composite indexes. The economic development of the western province was higher than that of the other provinces, but there was also a notable disparity between the districts of the western province, with the Colombo district having the highest economic development index. The resulting indices enable policymakers to prioritize regions for additional efforts while also assessing the state of regional disparities. The new index also makes it feasible to classify local government entities logically to support the government’s numerous policy-making and development initiatives. To calculate an index of economic disparity similar to that, the approach would apply to any nation.