Recent advances in nanotechnology revolutionize cancer diagnostics, better than PET-scans and biopsies. Ultrasensitive nanobiosensors spot trace biomarkers effectively, allowing early, precise detection and better outcomes, altering cancer care globally.

Novel titanium and vanadium based trimetallic oxide nanocomposites (TMONCs) were synthesized using metal salts of titanium and vanadium along with three others metals namely tin, aluminium and zinc as precursors using the sol-gel method. Aqueous ammonia and hydrazine hydrate were used as the reducing agents. The preparations of nanocomposites were monitored thoroughly by observing the visual changes during each step of synthesis. The synthesized TMONCs were characterized using UV-vis, SEM, EDX, TEM and DLS. Band gap of the synthesized TMONCs ranges from 3-4.5 eV determined using tauc plot. FTIR study revealed the molecular stretching and bending peaks of corresponding M-O/M-O-M bonds thus confirming their formation. Molecular composition and particle size were determined using EDX and DLS respectively. Molecular shape, size and surface morphology were examined by SEM and TEM.

Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) facilitated by the use of an aqueous petal extract of the medicinal plant Combretum indicum (Madhumalti) as a bio-reducing agent has been performed in this work. In the absence of ammonia, the average diameter of synthesised gold nanoparticles ranged from 41nm to 79.40 nm whereas the range is 11.856 nm to 49.2 nm in the presence of ammonia. The formation of AuNPs is mediated by time that is monitored by Surface Plasmon behaviour using UV-Vis Spectroscopy at different stirring time intervals. The reaction shows a significant increase in absorbance with time with an absorbance peak in the range of 530-570 nm after one hour of stirring. Synthesis of nanoparticles is confirmed by the change of colour of auric chloride from yellow to dark brown. Synthesized AuNPs have been characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX).