Beverages and drinks play a significant role in maintaining the integral health of individuals. The aim of this study is to discover the pattern of beverage consumption in different groups of the Spanish population and to investigate its relationship with other nutritional variables and habits. To achieve the objectives, an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. For data collection, a questionnaire was designed and validated that explored different beverage and food consumption variables as well as socio-demographic and lifestyle variables. The instrument was disseminated, among the Spanish young adult population, through snowball sampling using social networks, collecting a sample of 17,541 valid surveys. Bivariate comparative analyses and correlation analyses were performed, and finally, the principal component analysis (PCA) method was used in order to study the relationships between variables related to drinking and health. The main results show significant differences in the pattern of beverage consumption between the socio-demographic variables of sex, age and educational level, as well as between different areas of Spain, while the PCA model shows the relationship between the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with the Healthy Nutrition Index of the population and sport practice. Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions were reached: the beverage consumption pattern of the Spanish population is affected by socio-demographic variables. Healthier drinking habits affect the nutrition and health of the population.

There is limited evidence of the potential benefits of the use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) for the management of bronchiolitis in the ward. Our aim is to describe the ventilation trends for bronchiolitis in our hospital along with the introduction of an HFNC ward protocol and to determine the need for respiratory support escalation and transfer to an intensive care unit (ICU). A retrospective analytical observational study of children < 12 months old requiring admission for a first RSV bronchiolitis episode in a single centre from January 2009 to December 2018. The sample was divided into four groups according to the type of respiratory support that would ensure the clinical stability of the infants on admission. A total of 502 infants were recruited. The total number and percentage of patients admitted in the ward grew progressively over time. Simultaneously, there was an increase in HFNC and, paradoxically, an increase in ICU transfers. The risk of failure was higher for those who required HFNC or CPAP for clinical stabilisation in the first 12 h after admission. Moreover, the risk of failure was also higher in children with standard oxygen therapy promptly escalated to HFNC, especially if they had atelectasis/viral pneumonia, coinfections or a history of prematurity. Despite the limitations of a retrospective analysis, our study reflects usual clinical practice and no correlation was found between the usage of HFNC and a shorter length of hospital stay or less time spent on oxygen therapy.

The concept of mechanical power (MP) has emerged as a comprehensive indicator of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). It integrates the effects of tidal volume, airway pressures, respiratory rate, and flow. However, applying MP as a universal threshold (e.g., 12 J/min) across heterogeneous patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) may be inadequate. This review introduces the rheological model, which conceptualizes the lung as a viscoelastic body (i.e., one that exhibits both elastic and viscous properties), and applies it to ARDS ventilation. The rheological model may offer individualized MP thresholds. The potential benefits of adjusting MP based on ideal body weight (J/min/kg) are discussed and, more accurately, on static compliance (J/min/L). Static compliance could better reflect functional lung size, though clinical validation remains needed. Preliminary clinical and modeling evidence suggests that normalized MP correlates more closely with mortality than absolute MP and aligns with pulmonary stress–strain behavior. This normalization provides a more precise risk stratification and facilitates the easier setting of ventilation targets, particularly in patients with low compliance or abnormal body composition. This review clarifies definitions and consolidates evidence, highlights the clinical implications of rheology for lung-protective strategies. MP normalization within a lung-protective strategy could enhance the safety and efficacy of mechanical ventilation; however, clinical validation is still required. This review summarizes the theoretical foundations, supporting evidence, and clinical implications of this approach within the broader context of rheological modeling in ARDS.