Mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel and pulp are a source of dietary fiber (DF) and phenolic compounds (PCs) that constituent part of the indigestible fraction (IF). This fraction reaches the colon and acts as a carbon and energy source for intestinal microbiota. The effect of mango IF on intestinal microbiota during colonic fermentation is unknown. In this study, the isolated IF of a novel ‘Ataulfo’ mango-based bar (snack) UV-C irradiated and non-irradiated (UVMangoB and MangoB) were fermented. Colonic fermentation occurred in vitro under chemical-enzymatic, semi-anaerobic, batch culture and controlled pH colonic conditions. Changes in the structure of fecal microbiota were analyzed by 16s rRNA gene Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The community´s functional capabilities were determined in silico. The MangoB and UVMangoB increased the presence of Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Eubacterium, Fusicatenibacter, Holdemanella, Catenibacterium, Phascolarctobacterium, Buttiauxella, Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, Prevotella and Bacteroides genera. The alpha indexes showed a decrease in microbial diversity after 6 h of colonic fermentation. The coordinates analysis indicated any differences between irradiated and non-irradiated bar. The metabolic prediction demonstrated that MangoB and UVMangoB increase the microbiota carbohydrate metabolism pathway. This study suggests that IF of mango-based bar induced beneficial changes on microbial ecology and metabolic pathway that could be promissory to prevention or treatment of metabolic dysbiosis. However, in vivo interventions are necessary to confirm the interactions between microbiota modulating and intestinal beneficial effects.

Due to their distinctive anatomical characteristics, land slugs are appealing research subjects from a variety of angles, including stem cell biology, regeneration, embryonic development, allometry, and neurophysiology. Here we present SlugAtlas, an anatomical and histological online resource of the land slugs Deroceras laeve and Ambigolimax valentianus. The atlas is composed of series of histological sections on the horizontal, sagittal, and transversal planes for both species with 3D viewing tools of their major organs. The atlas was used in this work for a comparative analysis of the major organs and tissues of these two species. We provide a comprehensive histological description of them and an explanation of novel findings of unique features of their anatomy. For D. laeve, we additionally studied its ability for degrowth and regrowth, a feature that characterizes animals with high regeneration potential and obtained initial results on the study of the regeneration of its tail. SlugAtlas is a resource that is also built to accommodate future growth and, along with the experimental techniques that we have developed, will provide the foundation for research projects in a variety of biological domains.

Introducción: El sector educativo y académico ha sido ampliamente afectado por la pandemia del Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Los estudiantes universitarios obligados a una transición educativa con sedentarismo excesivo frente a una computadora experimentan dolores musculares. Objetivo: Conocer las regiones de dolor más comunes y el consumo de analgésicos en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma del estado de Chiapas, debido a la excesiva sedestación durante las clases virtuales, trabajos y horas de estudio. Metodología: Esta investigación es cuantitativa con diseño epidemiológico transversal descriptivo. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado en línea durante el periodo de marzo – abril de 2022 utilizando la plataforma Google Forms®. Resultados y discusión: La mayoría de los participantes se encuentran entre 18 y 21 años. El 56.45 % es femenino y el 43.54 % masculino. El 90.6 % de todos los participantes experimentó problemas de dolores musculares durante el periodo de clases virtuales. El cuello y la región lumbar son las regiones más afectadas. El 43.5 % aseguró haber utilizado analgésicos para aliviar el dolor. Conclusiones: El consumo de analgésicos se incrementó debido a la sedestación frente a una computadora durante la contingencia por Covid-19. Esto podría tener un efecto negativo en el futuro por el consumo frecuente de fármacos para aliviar dolores musculares. Esta información podría apoyar al conocimiento de los efectos colaterales del confinamiento excesivo tanto en estudiantes, profesores y trabajadores de otros sectores que desarrollan el ‘home office’.

The genome of the land slug Deroceras laeve was sequenced, assembled up to the chromosome level, and annotated for non-coding RNAs and protein-coding genes. Due to the small size of this pulmonate species, ease of laboratory culture, cosmopolitan distribution, as well as recently released anatomical and histological resources, this genomic resource creates new opportunities for the investigation of the largely unexplored mechanisms of regeneration in mollusks. Moreover, it also makes this slug an attractive model for functional genomics and evolutionary biology.