A new approach for assessing the effectiveness and determining the consumption of additives to regulate the structural and mechanical characteristics of wood concrete is proposed, which allows rapid assessment in a short time and reduces the consumption of materials. The period is reduced from 28 to 1 day, and the sample sizes are reduced from 150 × 150 × 150 to 20 × 20 × 20 mm compared to those of the standard method. The results obtained are comparable using both methods within an error of up to 7%. The thermal conductivity of wood concrete with the addition of potassium sulfate was 20.8% less than that with the addition of calcium chloride. This reduction will reduce wall thickness, material consumption, and cost by 20.8%. In this regard, potassium sulfate, which does not form crystalline hydrates and makes it possible to obtain a material with lower thermal conductivity than other additives, all other things being equal, has a new advantage for wood concrete. In addition, potassium sulfate reduces the risk of corrosion of cement stone because one of the main causes of corrosion is crystalline hydrates. Reducing the risk of corrosion will increase the durability of the material.

Currently, ordinary Portland cement is the main cementing material for shotcrete in tunnels in my country. Part of the use of single-doped silica fume or fly ash, however, there are few cementitious materials that use double-doped or multi-doped mineral admixtures. Due to the single composition of the cementitious material, poor gradation, and low quality, the concrete has poor compactness, insufficient viscosity, and large rebound. The use of "multiple" mineral admixtures can better solve the problem of high rebound rate of shotcrete in tunnels. Among them, mineral admixtures include mineral powder, fly ash, silica fume and limestone powder. The cementitious material in concrete can be single-mixed, double-mixed or multi-mixed with mineral admixtures. In this way, the heat of hydration when the concrete sets and hardens can be reduced, reduce the cracking of concrete, improve the compactness and viscosity of concrete and reduce the rebound rate of concrete. The aim of research: the overall idea and technical measures to solve the high rebound rate of shotcrete or 3D printer mix and the high amount of cementitious materials using Chinese industrial waste. Scientific novelty of research: optimal compositions using Chinese industrial waste for wet shotcrete, optimal compositions using Chinese industrial waste for 3D construction printers, basic properties of wet shotcrete composites with using Chinese industrial waste, basic properties of 3D construction printer composites with using Chinese industrial waste.

This study evaluates crushed bamboo as a coarse aggregate for structural–thermal wall composites, comparing its performance against mixes with wood sawdust and rice husk. Crushed bamboo was used in both smooth and surface-roughened conditions, where particle morphology and surface features were characterized by SEM and AFM methods. The roughened bamboo aggregate exhibited greater surface roughness, thereby improving interfacial adhesion with cement. Surface roughening increased 28-day compressive strength by ~39–44% relative to smooth particles. Incorporating fine plant-based fillers into cement–bamboo composites increased their compressive strength by ~33–75% and reduced thermal conductivity by ~12–18%, compared with the analogues without fine particles. Water-absorption tests on bamboo aggregate showed rapid uptake in the first 24 h (43–45%) and saturation after 7 days of ~65–70%, values lower than typical wood by-products, thereby helping to limit mix water demand. Findings indicate that crushed, surface-roughened bamboo, especially with fine bio-fillers, can produce sustainable wall materials with a strong balance between strength and insulation.

The Chinese construction industry has been using the Internet of Things (IoT) to monitor building materials and structures for many years. The achievements of the Chinese construction industry in IoT applications can be used to study and monitor the performance of building materials, including green buildings (energy-efficient building materials). The aim of research: study and optimization methods for remote quality control of composites with organic aggregates. With the help of the developed methods, the following dependencies were obtained: dependences of stresses inside composites with organic aggregates on external influences obtained using a sensor Keyes brick thin film pressure sensor, dependences of deformations inside composites with organic aggregates on external influences obtained using a sensor ultrasonic ranging sensor, dependences of humidity inside composites with organic aggregates on external influences obtained using a sensor Soil moisture sensor, dependences of rheology (cement paste setting time) obtained using a sensor Ph-sensor module.