A robust level of self-awareness and self-acceptance is crucial for flight cadets. In this study, a total of 106 flight cadets from various grades and flight training sites were assessed using the self-awareness and self-acceptance scale. The scales were optimized through item analysis, reliability, and validity assessments. The finalized scales demonstrated an acceptable level of reliability and validity. Upon analyzing the collected data, it was observed that the overall self-awareness and -acceptance levels among the evaluated pilot students fell within the normal range. However, identifying positive symptoms directly proved challenging. The tested flight cadets exhibited moderate symptoms across each factor, with instances of severe symptoms in academic self-awareness. Notably, flight cadets trained abroad exhibited a lower level of self-awareness and -acceptance compared to those trained in China. But this phenomenon was not reflected in grade difference. Regression analysis revealed that physical and emotional self-awareness dimensions accounted for 62% of the variations in the psychological dimension, while passive self-acceptance explained 72% of the changes in active self-acceptance. Finally, in view of the issues found in the research, corresponding management measures and recommendations are presented to enhance the self-awareness and -acceptance levels of flight cadets.

Land transition in China has led to the emergence of highly heterogeneous neighborhoods. This process challenges the social sustainability of public green spaces. This research investigates the driving mechanisms of place attachment within green space across diverse community typologies in Beijing. This study constructed a structural equation model (SEM) based on 626 valid questionnaires, using the Stimulus–Organism–Response (S-O-R) framework. The overall SEM results indicate that place identity significantly contributes to civic behavior (β = 0.439, p < 0.001). However, a persistent ‘value-action’ gap remains, with 65.81% of residents demonstrating high identity yet low participation. Furthermore, the multi-group analysis (MGA) reveals that place attachment logic diverges significantly across groups. Regarding user identity, public events promote visitors’ place identity, but this effect remains insignificant among residents (β = −0.064, p > 0.05). Regarding generational differences, the macro-spatial environment is significantly associated with place dependence for young people (β = 0.330, p < 0.001) but is insignificant for the elderly. Community heterogeneity reveals distinct failure modes. In commodity housing communities, a disconnect exists where daily usage fails to foster dependence (β = 0.026, p > 0.05). Conversely, urban–rural resettlement communities display an identity deficit where public events fail to translate into place identity (β = 0.131, p > 0.05). The study proposes differentiated renewal pathways tailored to three community types. For commercial housing communities, it advocates precise interventions that prioritize social engagement. Meanwhile, for urban–rural resettlement communities, the focus shifts to accessibility and culturally rooted activities to help reconnect displaced populations.