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Renovation at district scale is a key strategy to reduce CO2 emissions by optimising the implementation of renewable energy sources and taking advantage of economy of scale. This paper focuses on analysing good practice examples on energy renovations at district scale. The paper adapts a qualitative research methodology in four phases, including the multi-perspective analysis of nine exemplary renovation projects in six European countries, including identification of drivers and barriers of different stakeholders. It is found that the drivers for a district renovation are not restricted to energy savings, but typically also include improving the overall quality of life as well as the image and economic value of a district. Moreover, the need for financial models that can alleviate split-incentive problems between investors and resident organizations is identified. Barriers for carrying out a district renovation include that there is a need to comply with energy standards, that the renovation scope had to be limited to avoid a noticeable rent increase and that resettling of tenants during the renovation is often not possible. Lessons learned include that good communication amongst the different stakeholders, especially with residents, plays a key role for the success of the project. Furthermore, a strong leadership is needed to coordinate activities due to the great number of stakeholders.
Jørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen; Roman Bolliger; David Venus; Thaleia Konstantinou; Erwin Mlecnik; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jon Terés-Zubiaga; Erik Johansson; Henrik Davidsson; Mira Conci; Tiziano Dalla Mora; Simone Ferrari; Federica Zagarella; Ana Sanchez Ostiz; Jorge San Miguel-Bellod; Aurora Monge-Barrio; Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 72, 103037 .
AMA StyleJørgen Rose, Kirsten Engelund Thomsen, Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen, Roman Bolliger, David Venus, Thaleia Konstantinou, Erwin Mlecnik, Manuela Almeida, Ricardo Barbosa, Jon Terés-Zubiaga, Erik Johansson, Henrik Davidsson, Mira Conci, Tiziano Dalla Mora, Simone Ferrari, Federica Zagarella, Ana Sanchez Ostiz, Jorge San Miguel-Bellod, Aurora Monge-Barrio, Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 72 ():103037.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJørgen Rose; Kirsten Engelund Thomsen; Silvia Domingo-Irigoyen; Roman Bolliger; David Venus; Thaleia Konstantinou; Erwin Mlecnik; Manuela Almeida; Ricardo Barbosa; Jon Terés-Zubiaga; Erik Johansson; Henrik Davidsson; Mira Conci; Tiziano Dalla Mora; Simone Ferrari; Federica Zagarella; Ana Sanchez Ostiz; Jorge San Miguel-Bellod; Aurora Monge-Barrio; Juan Maria Hidalgo-Betanzos. 2021. "Building renovation at district level – Lessons learned from international case studies." Sustainable Cities and Society 72, no. : 103037.
Researchers have reported that despite technological development in photovoltaic technology and substantial cost reduction, there is still a narrow interest in architectural photovoltaic applications (APA). Lack of interest is correlated to various bottlenecks, and one of them is a lack of knowledge among architects on the possibilities and approaches to adopt APA. In response to the issues mentioned, the aim of the research presented was collecting qualitative and quantitative information from architects as lessons learned and perceptions in regards to APA. In total, 30 architects with and without experience of using photovoltaics (PV) were invited and interviewed. They were asked about their experience, design and decision-making process with PV, their understanding of integration, and the decisive factors to use APA. The results showed apparent differences between the experiences and perceptions, and they highlighted the lessons learned from realized projects. The analysis of the visual implication of PV integration shows that, to the eyes of architects, integration of PV into architecture does not depend on the PV product used, but instead, that when PV is part of the design concept and design process, the outcome is seen as a meaningful integration.
Zoheir Haghighi; Mahboubeh Angali Dehnavi; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Tillmann Klein. Architectural Photovoltaic Applications: Lessons Learnt and Perceptions from Architects. Buildings 2021, 11, 62 .
AMA StyleZoheir Haghighi, Mahboubeh Angali Dehnavi, Thaleia Konstantinou, Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen, Tillmann Klein. Architectural Photovoltaic Applications: Lessons Learnt and Perceptions from Architects. Buildings. 2021; 11 (2):62.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZoheir Haghighi; Mahboubeh Angali Dehnavi; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Tillmann Klein. 2021. "Architectural Photovoltaic Applications: Lessons Learnt and Perceptions from Architects." Buildings 11, no. 2: 62.
Adaptive Opaque Facades (AOF) is an innovative concept with potential to achieve low carbon energy buildings. However, so far AOF are not integrated in the construction industry. One remarkable issue that designers have when dealing with alternative low-carbon technologies, such as AOF, is the absence of previous built experiences and the lack of specialised technical knowledge. Design roadmaps can be convenient solutions to guide pioneer low carbon technology applications. This work presents a roadmap to assist the performance-based early-stage design process of Adaptive Opaque Facades. Previous research developed new approaches and tools to assist on the construction definition of AOF, so that their adaptive thermal performance was considered when specific design decisions needed to be made. The roadmap presented in this paper organises the implementation sequence of each methodological approach and tools in different design stages, which aims to provide a holistic design approach for AOF. The usability of the roadmap was validated in a workshop called “Performance-based Design and Assessment of Adaptive Facades” with master students representing the target group of this roadmap. Even though these students had never heard about AOF before, they could successfully design, define the early-stage characteristics of an AOF and quantify the thermal performance of their AOF designs. The roadmap was proven to be a useful support, which might make the implementation of AOF more approachable in the future.
Miren Juaristi; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tomás Gómez-Acebo; Aurora Monge-Barrio. Development and Validation of a Roadmap to Assist the Performance-Based Early-Stage Design Process of Adaptive Opaque Facades. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10118 .
AMA StyleMiren Juaristi, Thaleia Konstantinou, Tomás Gómez-Acebo, Aurora Monge-Barrio. Development and Validation of a Roadmap to Assist the Performance-Based Early-Stage Design Process of Adaptive Opaque Facades. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (23):10118.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMiren Juaristi; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tomás Gómez-Acebo; Aurora Monge-Barrio. 2020. "Development and Validation of a Roadmap to Assist the Performance-Based Early-Stage Design Process of Adaptive Opaque Facades." Sustainability 12, no. 23: 10118.
Decarbonizing the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today, and is getting attention not only from policymakers, but also from social housing corporations, financial and tenants’ organisations. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch cities and housing associations have embraced this challenge with the ambitions to become carbon neutral in 2050. To reach such ambitious goals, both the rate and depth of renovation need to increase significantly. In the Netherlands, the Energy Agreement for Sustainable Growth, indicates that 300.000 dwellings have to be renovated annually, in accordance with the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive adopted by the European Union, to improve the Dutch building stock towards energy neutrality. Several technical solutions to eliminate the energy demand in dwelling have been developed and tested. Nevertheless, the intake rate of deep retrofitting is low. Currently, most improvements in residential buildings consist of basic maintenance and shallow renovation, but broader or deeper energy renovation measures are required. Despite more recent developments, there are still significant barriers related to financing, lack of information, and user acceptance. Complex technical characteristics are not always taken into account by tenants; the focus is usually on the ease of use, comfort and living expenses. To this end, the present study sets of to investigate the relationship between energy efficiency upgrade measures and cost of living. Focusing on the post-war, multi-family social housing in the Netherlands, a framework of refurbishment measures that affect the energy efficiency were identified, and their performance was simulated. The variations refer to the façade design, thermal envelope upgrade, winter-garden addition and reviewable energy. The energy efficiency indicator is the energy cost reduction, as well as the carbon footprint of the energy use. Furthermore, the rental price adjustment was estimated, taking into account the refurbishment investment and the operation cost of the renovated dwellings. All tested combination of variables resulted in significant energy savings, up to 70%, while energy generation was proven to be cost-effective, as it has a considerable positive effect on the energy use and the energy cost, without increasing the rental price. The results aim at supporting the decision-making discussion between the stakeholders, primarily housing associations and tenants. The relation between the energy consumption and rental price for the different options identifies the effect of design variation and demonstrated the attractive solutions that the tenants are more likely to accept, taking into account the overall cost of living and sustainability benefits.
Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Leo Oorschot; Sabira El Messlaki; Clarine van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs. The Total Cost of Living in Relation to Energy Efficiency Upgrades in the Dutch, Multi-Residential Building Stock. Smart and Sustainable Cities and Buildings 2020, 377 -388.
AMA StyleThaleia Konstantinou, Tim De Jonge, Leo Oorschot, Sabira El Messlaki, Clarine van Oel, Thijs Asselbergs. The Total Cost of Living in Relation to Energy Efficiency Upgrades in the Dutch, Multi-Residential Building Stock. Smart and Sustainable Cities and Buildings. 2020; ():377-388.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Leo Oorschot; Sabira El Messlaki; Clarine van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs. 2020. "The Total Cost of Living in Relation to Energy Efficiency Upgrades in the Dutch, Multi-Residential Building Stock." Smart and Sustainable Cities and Buildings , no. : 377-388.
PurposeDecarbonising the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today, which is getting the attention not only from policymakers but also from social housing corporations, financial organisations and users. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch cities and housing associations have embraced this challenge with the ambitions to become carbon neutral in 2050. To reach such goals, both the rate and depth of renovation need to increase. Several technical solutions to eliminate the energy demand in dwelling have been developed and tested. Nevertheless, the intake rate of deep retrofitting is low. Despite recent developments, there are still significant barriers related to financing, lack of information and user acceptance. To address those barriers, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between energy efficiency upgrades and the cost of living.Design/methodology/approachFocusing on walk-up apartments in the Netherlands, a framework of refurbishment measures that affect the energy efficiency was identified, and their performance was calculated. Furthermore, the rental price adjustment was estimated, taking into account the refurbishment investment and the exploitation cost of the renovated dwellings.FindingsThe comparison of the energy use and rental price for the different options demonstrated how the different renovation measures affect the energy cost, the energy use, rent and cost of living. The tenants are more likely to accept the solutions that take into account the total cost of living and sustainability benefits. The study gives a holistic standpoint to the issue of energy upgrades, by quantifying the effect of the potential measures for the whole exploitation period. It has shown the potential of the different interventions to improve the performance and living conditions, without necessarily increasing the total cost of living.Practical implicationsSuch results aim at supporting the decision making between the stakeholders, primarily housing associations and tenants.Originality/valueThe importance of the study is that it gives a holistic standpoint to the issue of energy upgrades, by quantifying the effect of the potential measures for the whole exploitation period. The cost, as a key, if not the more most decisive, issue, is put into perspective in relation to the benefit, in order to give a direction to the renovation design and arguments for the stakeholders’ dialogue. The approach of the study goes beyond cost-optimality of measures and investigated the relation between energy upgrades and cost, as a way to evaluate design variation and address the lack of information barrier in renovations. Moreover, it also proves that deep renovation is feasible without increasing in the total cost of living, which is a principal argument to promote renovations.
Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Leo Oorschot; Sabira El Messlaki; Clarine van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs. The relation of energy efficiency upgrades and cost of living, investigated in two cases of multi-residential buildings in the Netherlands. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 2019, 9, 615 -633.
AMA StyleThaleia Konstantinou, Tim De Jonge, Leo Oorschot, Sabira El Messlaki, Clarine van Oel, Thijs Asselbergs. The relation of energy efficiency upgrades and cost of living, investigated in two cases of multi-residential buildings in the Netherlands. Smart and Sustainable Built Environment. 2019; 9 (4):615-633.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Leo Oorschot; Sabira El Messlaki; Clarine van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs. 2019. "The relation of energy efficiency upgrades and cost of living, investigated in two cases of multi-residential buildings in the Netherlands." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 9, no. 4: 615-633.
German residential multi-family buildings in the 1950s–1970s age group are a relevant case study to assess the degree of certainty in meeting climate targets for the built environment. This research evaluates the contribution of traditional strategies, and whether innovative strategies perform environmentally and economically better for this purpose. We use LCA to define a benchmark for the environmental impact, expressed as lifecycle GWP, and LCC to assess the economic impact, expressed as Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The two indicators are evaluated in a Pareto optimal method. We consider combinations of strategies for the thermal envelope, the building services, and the integration of locally available renewable energy in five existing buildings. Results show that accelerating the implementation rate of traditional strategies contributes only partially to raise the degree of certainty in reaching climate targets. For this purpose, innovative building services strategies as well as the extensive integration of local energy generation from renewable sources is required, even if the GWP reduction target of electricity from the main grid is met. The use of renewable energy has a much bigger impact on the overall GWP balance than the choice between a standard renovation and a minimal renovation of the building envelope. IRR tends to sink with GWP. We conclude that a regulated benchmark for the environmental lifecycle impact of residential building projects will help to introduce the trade-off assessment necessary to identify economically sustainable strategies that increase the level of certainty in meeting climate targets.
Mira Conci; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Jens Schneider. Trade-off between the economic and environmental impact of different decarbonisation strategies for residential buildings. Building and Environment 2019, 155, 137 -144.
AMA StyleMira Conci, Thaleia Konstantinou, Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen, Jens Schneider. Trade-off between the economic and environmental impact of different decarbonisation strategies for residential buildings. Building and Environment. 2019; 155 ():137-144.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMira Conci; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Jens Schneider. 2019. "Trade-off between the economic and environmental impact of different decarbonisation strategies for residential buildings." Building and Environment 155, no. : 137-144.
Increasing energy efficiency of the housing stock is one of the largest challenges in the built environment today. In line with the international Paris-Climate-Change-Conference 2015, Dutch municipalities and housing associations have embraced the ambition to achieve carbon neutrality for their social housing stock by 2050. However, most deep renovation designs for increasing the energy efficiency of dwellings focus on the relatively easy portion of the housing stock: postwar row housing. Furthermore, such design solutions are mostly produced without much care for architectural quality and cultural heritage, nor for testing for consumer preferences. Yet, such aspects are of major importance in tenement housing, particularly regarding the architectural quality of the huge numbers of walk-up apartment buildings from the inter- and postwar periods owned by housing associations in the larger cities. Renovation of buildings of this typology is more complex because of, among others, technical, social, and heritage factors. To support decisions in this complex context, a General Transformation Framework and a Roadmap has been developed for generating design solutions for deep renovation of representative parts of postwar walk-up apartment buildings with the aim to increase energy efficiency; retain its architectural legibility and cultural heritage value; and allow for the presentation of (end) users, with various options for adaptation to assess their preferences.
Leo Oorschot; Lidwine Spoormans; Sabira El Messlaki; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Clarine Van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs; Vincent Gruis; Wessel De Jonge. Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2562 .
AMA StyleLeo Oorschot, Lidwine Spoormans, Sabira El Messlaki, Thaleia Konstantinou, Tim De Jonge, Clarine Van Oel, Thijs Asselbergs, Vincent Gruis, Wessel De Jonge. Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2562.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeo Oorschot; Lidwine Spoormans; Sabira El Messlaki; Thaleia Konstantinou; Tim De Jonge; Clarine Van Oel; Thijs Asselbergs; Vincent Gruis; Wessel De Jonge. 2018. "Flagships of the Dutch Welfare State in Transformation: A Transformation Framework for Balancing Sustainability and Cultural Values in Energy-Efficient Renovation of Postwar Walk-Up Apartment Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2562.
Maria Valentini Sarakinioti; Michela Turrin; Thaleia Konstantinou; Martin Tenpierik; Ulrich Knaack. Developing an integrated 3D-printed façade with complex geometries for active temperature control. Materials Today Communications 2018, 15, 275 -279.
AMA StyleMaria Valentini Sarakinioti, Michela Turrin, Thaleia Konstantinou, Martin Tenpierik, Ulrich Knaack. Developing an integrated 3D-printed façade with complex geometries for active temperature control. Materials Today Communications. 2018; 15 ():275-279.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaria Valentini Sarakinioti; Michela Turrin; Thaleia Konstantinou; Martin Tenpierik; Ulrich Knaack. 2018. "Developing an integrated 3D-printed façade with complex geometries for active temperature control." Materials Today Communications 15, no. : 275-279.
Users’ behaviour and indoor climate are two leading aspects that must be taken into account if we want the retrofitting of the housing stock to contribute to CO2 reduction, comfort improvement and reduction of living costs. The integrated facade module evaluated in this paper, which constitutes an approach to zero energy renovation, includes a preliminary study for the identification of target occupants and their characteristics and requirements that will guide the design decisions. The proposed strategy primarily focuses on the case of social rental multi-family housing stock in the Netherlands, but should provide insights in the application of the concept in Europe. This paper presents the analysis of the adaptability of this solution to the Mediterranean climate, taking into account the specific characteristics of the occupants of this climatic zone. The results showed an improved performance of building after the application of the evaluated solution in southern Spain, but with lower savings on the energy demand than in the Netherlands, so the economic investment should be reduced in this case. Also, the inclusion in the solution of some variables, such as the forced night-time ventilation for passive cooling and the insulation thickness reduction, were tested and proved to be an optimisation of its performance in the Mediterranean climate. Overall, the study concluded that the proposed refurbishment strategy has the potential to be implemented in different climates, particularly if certain modification in the facade operation is considered.
R. Escandón; Sacha Silvester; T. Konstantinou. Evaluating the environmental adaptability of a nearly zero energy retrofitting strategy designed for Dutch housing stock to a Mediterranean climate. Energy and Buildings 2018, 169, 366 -378.
AMA StyleR. Escandón, Sacha Silvester, T. Konstantinou. Evaluating the environmental adaptability of a nearly zero energy retrofitting strategy designed for Dutch housing stock to a Mediterranean climate. Energy and Buildings. 2018; 169 ():366-378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR. Escandón; Sacha Silvester; T. Konstantinou. 2018. "Evaluating the environmental adaptability of a nearly zero energy retrofitting strategy designed for Dutch housing stock to a Mediterranean climate." Energy and Buildings 169, no. : 366-378.
A number of facade solutions have been developed in recent years to solve the problem of large-scale renovation of housing. In the Netherlands, housing associations have the ambition to achieve an energy-neutral renovation approach, and so, some aim at energy neutrality. However, few address the complexity of multi-family rental dwellings and more importantly, the importance of user behaviour in the actual performance of the buildings. In current approaches, the zero energy target is sought for an average household. In this paper we present an approach to zero energy renovation in which the influence of occupants’ behaviour in building performance is taken into account to eliminate the uncertainties related to energy savings. The results are used to inform the design process regarding the amount of energy production required to reach zero energy performance, and the feasibility of the on-site energy production only with photovoltaic panels. The research showed large statistically significant differences on energy consumption between the different household types, which could contribute to pre-bound effects if these differences are not considered when calculating energy savings and return of investments. When considering scenarios based on behaviour after renovation, the difference between the lowest and the highest heating demand is reduced to 34%.
O. Guerra-Santin; H. Bosch; P. Budde; T. Konstantinou; Stella Boess; T. Klein; S. Silvester. Considering user profiles and occupants’ behaviour on a zero energy renovation strategy for multi-family housing in the Netherlands. Energy Efficiency 2018, 11, 1847 -1870.
AMA StyleO. Guerra-Santin, H. Bosch, P. Budde, T. Konstantinou, Stella Boess, T. Klein, S. Silvester. Considering user profiles and occupants’ behaviour on a zero energy renovation strategy for multi-family housing in the Netherlands. Energy Efficiency. 2018; 11 (7):1847-1870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleO. Guerra-Santin; H. Bosch; P. Budde; T. Konstantinou; Stella Boess; T. Klein; S. Silvester. 2018. "Considering user profiles and occupants’ behaviour on a zero energy renovation strategy for multi-family housing in the Netherlands." Energy Efficiency 11, no. 7: 1847-1870.
O. Guerra-Santin; Stella Boess; T. Konstantinou; N. Romero Herrera; T. Klein; S. Silvester. Designing for residents: Building monitoring and co-creation in social housing renovation in the Netherlands. Energy Research & Social Science 2017, 32, 164 -179.
AMA StyleO. Guerra-Santin, Stella Boess, T. Konstantinou, N. Romero Herrera, T. Klein, S. Silvester. Designing for residents: Building monitoring and co-creation in social housing renovation in the Netherlands. Energy Research & Social Science. 2017; 32 ():164-179.
Chicago/Turabian StyleO. Guerra-Santin; Stella Boess; T. Konstantinou; N. Romero Herrera; T. Klein; S. Silvester. 2017. "Designing for residents: Building monitoring and co-creation in social housing renovation in the Netherlands." Energy Research & Social Science 32, no. : 164-179.
Over the next decade investment in building energy savings needs to increase, together with the rate and depth of renovations, to achieve the required reduction in building-related CO2 emissions. Although the need to improve residential buildings has been identified, guidelines come as general suggestions that fail to address the diversity of each project and give specific answers on how these requirements can be implemented in the design. During early design phases, architects are in search of a design direction to make informed decisions, particularly with regard to the building envelope, which mostly regulates energy demand. To result in an energy-efficient residential stock, this paper proposes a methodology to support refurbishment strategies design. The methodology, called “façade refurbishment toolbox (FRT) approach”, is based on compiling and quantifying retrofitting measures that can be also seen as “tools” used to upgrade the building’s energy performance. The result of the proposed methodology enables designers to make informed decisions that lead to energy and sustainability conscious designs, without dictating an optimal solution, from the energy point of view alone. Its applicability is validated through interviews with refurbishment stakeholders.
Thaleia Konstantinou. A Methodology to Support Decision-Making Towards an Energy-Efficiency Conscious Design of Residential Building Envelope Retrofitting. Buildings 2015, 5, 1221 -1241.
AMA StyleThaleia Konstantinou. A Methodology to Support Decision-Making Towards an Energy-Efficiency Conscious Design of Residential Building Envelope Retrofitting. Buildings. 2015; 5 (4):1221-1241.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThaleia Konstantinou. 2015. "A Methodology to Support Decision-Making Towards an Energy-Efficiency Conscious Design of Residential Building Envelope Retrofitting." Buildings 5, no. 4: 1221-1241.
The existing building stock has been in the focus of European Union policies for energy savings. Nevertheless, energy certification schemes refer mostly to operational energy and usually do not consider aspects related to the life cycle of the building. To look at the overall energy cost during the lifespan of a building, the energy used to produce and assemble the building materials also needs to be included. This paper develops a design methodology for existing residential buildings that aims at decreasing the life cycle energy use as much as possible. This approach was applied on a case study of an existing post-war residential building in Utrecht, The Netherlands. The main focus of this study is to find a design solution for façade retrofitting that considers both embodied and operational energy. The design approach is based on comparing different strategies for the use of façade materials. This design methodology can be replicated in other projects, as the conclusions and recommendations can also be used for future refurbishment projects for which a low operational energy and materials with a low embodied energy are desired.
Paressa Loussos; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Regina Bokel. Integrating Life Cycle Energy into the Design of Façade Refurbishment for a Post-War Residential Building in The Netherlands. Buildings 2015, 5, 622 -649.
AMA StyleParessa Loussos, Thaleia Konstantinou, Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen, Regina Bokel. Integrating Life Cycle Energy into the Design of Façade Refurbishment for a Post-War Residential Building in The Netherlands. Buildings. 2015; 5 (2):622-649.
Chicago/Turabian StyleParessa Loussos; Thaleia Konstantinou; Andy Van Den Dobbelsteen; Regina Bokel. 2015. "Integrating Life Cycle Energy into the Design of Façade Refurbishment for a Post-War Residential Building in The Netherlands." Buildings 5, no. 2: 622-649.
Thaleia Konstantinou; Ulrich Knaack. An approach to integrate energy efficiency upgrade into refurbishment design process, applied in two case-study buildings in Northern European climate. Energy and Buildings 2013, 59, 301 -309.
AMA StyleThaleia Konstantinou, Ulrich Knaack. An approach to integrate energy efficiency upgrade into refurbishment design process, applied in two case-study buildings in Northern European climate. Energy and Buildings. 2013; 59 ():301-309.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThaleia Konstantinou; Ulrich Knaack. 2013. "An approach to integrate energy efficiency upgrade into refurbishment design process, applied in two case-study buildings in Northern European climate." Energy and Buildings 59, no. : 301-309.
Refurbishing the existing building stock is an acknowledged issue in the building industry. Even though awareness has been raised, the design phase of refurbishment projects is often problematic. The decisions taken in the early stages of the design determine the final result; however, the assessment of the environmental performance only happens at the end of the design process.This paper discusses an approach to the designing of refurbishment projects, as a way to energy-efficiently upgrade the residential stock. Based on a case study multi-residential building of the post-war period in Germany, we assess the impact of the retrofitted building components into the environmental performance of the building. The different options are systematically organised into categories, creating a “toolbox”. The compilation of different “tools” composed the refurbishment strategy. In this way, the impact of the refurbishment was evaluated in the early design stages. The toolbox supported the decision-making process of the design, resulting in integrated strategies that improve the performance of the building
Thaleia Konstantinou; Ulrich Knaack. Refurbishment of Residential Buildings: A Design Approach to Energy-Efficiency Upgrades. Procedia Engineering 2011, 21, 666 -675.
AMA StyleThaleia Konstantinou, Ulrich Knaack. Refurbishment of Residential Buildings: A Design Approach to Energy-Efficiency Upgrades. Procedia Engineering. 2011; 21 ():666-675.
Chicago/Turabian StyleThaleia Konstantinou; Ulrich Knaack. 2011. "Refurbishment of Residential Buildings: A Design Approach to Energy-Efficiency Upgrades." Procedia Engineering 21, no. : 666-675.