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Olive oil production is one of the important industrial sectors within the agro-food framework of the Mediterranean region, economically important to the people working in this sector, although there is also a threat to the environment due to residues. The main wastes of the olive oil extraction process are olive mill wastewater (OMW) and olive husks which also require proper treatment before dismissal. In this research work, the main goal is to introduce grey relational analysis, a technique for multi-response optimization, to the coagulation and flocculation process of OMW to select the optimum coagulant dosage. The coagulation and flocculation process was carried out by adding aluminum sulfate (Alum) to the waste stream in different dosages, starting from 100 to 2000 mg/L. In previous research work, optimization of this process on OMW was briefly discussed, but there is no literature available that reports the optimal coagulant dosage verified through the grey relational analysis method; therefore, this method was applied for selecting the best operating conditions for lowering a combination of multi-responses such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), total phenols and turbidity. From the analysis, the 600 mg/L coagulant dosage appears to be top ranked, which obtained a higher grey relational grade. The implementation of statistical techniques in OMW treatment can enhance the efficiency of this process, which in turn supports the preparation of waste streams for further purification processes in a sustainable way.
Srikanth Vuppala; Riyaaz Shaik; Marco Stoller. Multi-Response Optimization of Coagulation and Flocculation of Olive Mill Wastewater: Statistical Approach. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 2344 .
AMA StyleSrikanth Vuppala, Riyaaz Shaik, Marco Stoller. Multi-Response Optimization of Coagulation and Flocculation of Olive Mill Wastewater: Statistical Approach. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (5):2344.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSrikanth Vuppala; Riyaaz Shaik; Marco Stoller. 2021. "Multi-Response Optimization of Coagulation and Flocculation of Olive Mill Wastewater: Statistical Approach." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5: 2344.
The elaboration of a methodology for accurately assessing the potentialities of blue renewable energy sources is a key challenge among the current energy sustainability strategies all over the world. Consequentially, many researchers are currently working to improve the accuracy of marine renewable assessment methods. Nowadays, remote sensing (RSs) satellites are used to observe the environment in many fields and applications. These could also be used to identify regions of interest for future energy converter installations and to accurately identify areas with interesting potentials. Therefore, researchers can dramatically reduce the possibility of significant error. In this paper, a comprehensive SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis is elaborated to assess RS satellite potentialities for offshore wind (OW) estimation. Sicily and Sardinia—the two biggest Italian islands with the highest potential for offshore wind energy generation—were selected as pilot areas. Since there is a lack of measuring instruments, such as cup anemometers and buoys in these areas (mainly due to their high economic costs), an accurate analysis was carried out to assess the marine energy potential from offshore wind. Since there are only limited options for further expanding the measurement over large areas, the use of satellites makes it easier to overcome this limitation. Undoubtedly, with the advent of new technologies for measuring renewable energy sources (RESs), there could be a significant energy transition in this area that requires a proper orientation of plans to examine the factors influencing these new technologies that can negatively affect most of the available potential. Satellite technology for identifying suitable areas of wind power plants could be a powerful tool that is constantly increasing in its applications but requires good planning to apply it in various projects. Proper planning is only possible with a better understanding of satellite capabilities and different methods for measuring available wind resources. To this end, a better understanding in interdisciplinary fields with the exchange of updated information between different sectors of development, such as universities and companies, will be most effective. In this context, by reviewing the available satellite technologies, the ability of this tool to measure the marine renewable energies (MREs) sector in large and small areas is considered. Secondly, an attempt is made to identify the strengths and weaknesses of using these types of tools and techniques that can help in various projects. Lastly, specific scenarios related to the application of such systems in existing and new developments are reviewed and discussed.
Meysam Majidi Nezhad; Riyaaz Uddien Shaik; Azim Heydari; Armin Razmjoo; Niyazi Arslan; Davide Astiaso Garcia. A SWOT Analysis for Offshore Wind Energy Assessment Using Remote-Sensing Potential. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6398 .
AMA StyleMeysam Majidi Nezhad, Riyaaz Uddien Shaik, Azim Heydari, Armin Razmjoo, Niyazi Arslan, Davide Astiaso Garcia. A SWOT Analysis for Offshore Wind Energy Assessment Using Remote-Sensing Potential. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6398.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeysam Majidi Nezhad; Riyaaz Uddien Shaik; Azim Heydari; Armin Razmjoo; Niyazi Arslan; Davide Astiaso Garcia. 2020. "A SWOT Analysis for Offshore Wind Energy Assessment Using Remote-Sensing Potential." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6398.
Mediterranean forests are gravely affected by wildfires, and despite the increased prevention effort of competent authorities in the past few decades, the yearly number of fires and the consequent damage has not decreased significantly. To this end, a number of dynamical methods have been developed in order to produce short-term hazard indices, such as the Fire Probability Index and the Fire Weather Index. The possibility to estimate the fire hazard is based on the observation that there is a relationship between the characteristics of the vegetation (i.e. the fuel), in terms of abundance and moisture content, and the probability of fire insurgence. The density, type, and moisture content of the vegetation are modeled using custom fuel maps, developed using the latest Corine Land Cover, and using a number of indices such as the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), Global Vegetation Moisture Index (GVMI), and the evapotranspiration, derived from daily satellite imagery. This paper shows how the algorithm for the calculation of the Fire Potential Index (FPI) was improved by taking into account the effect of wind speed, topography, and local solar illumination through a simple temperature correction, preserving the straightforward structure of the FPI algorithm. The results were validated on the Italian region of Sardinia using official wildfire records provided by the regional administration.
Giovanni Laneve; Valerio Pampanoni; Riyaaz Shaik. The Daily Fire Hazard Index: A Fire Danger Rating Method for Mediterranean Areas. Remote Sensing 2020, 12, 2356 .
AMA StyleGiovanni Laneve, Valerio Pampanoni, Riyaaz Shaik. The Daily Fire Hazard Index: A Fire Danger Rating Method for Mediterranean Areas. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (15):2356.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGiovanni Laneve; Valerio Pampanoni; Riyaaz Shaik. 2020. "The Daily Fire Hazard Index: A Fire Danger Rating Method for Mediterranean Areas." Remote Sensing 12, no. 15: 2356.
In this work, effect of EDM input process parameters namely current, pulse-on time, pulse-off time and flushing pressure on Incoloy-800 were investigated and surface morphology of Incoloy-800 machined using three different electrodes were compared. Incoloy-800 is a solid-solution strengthen alloy which has its application in high temperature environment as this is thermally stable up to 816° C and resists carburization, oxidation and sulfidation along with creep strength and rupture at elevated temperatures. Electrode materials chosen were copper, graphite and copper-tungsten as these three are commonly used electrodes for electrical discharge machining. Experiments were conducted in an economical way by varying the machining process parameters at three levels. Experiments were limited to nine based on Taguchi’s method based on L9 orthogonal array. This statistical technique reduced cost and time consumption for conducting experiments. Substrates machined were measured for surface roughness and surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Influence of input parameters on surface roughness was drawn using Minitab-17 software by ANOVA. Better surface finishing was observed on substrate machined using composite (CuW) electrode and most influencing input process parameter for this electrode is pulse-on time. Increase of carbon percentage in the composition of Incoloy-800 is observed after machining. Chemical composition of Incoloy-800 has changed after EDM machining and amount of carbon percentage has increased in Incoloy-800 machined using all three electrodes which would probably increase brittle nature of the material. Less amount of increase in carbon percentage was observed in material machined using graphite electrode
M. Jagadeeswara Rao; Riyaaz Uddien Shaik; K. Buschaiah. Electrical Discharge Machining: A Comparative Surface Integrity Study for Incoloy-800. Materials Today: Proceedings 2020, 22, 3286 -3296.
AMA StyleM. Jagadeeswara Rao, Riyaaz Uddien Shaik, K. Buschaiah. Electrical Discharge Machining: A Comparative Surface Integrity Study for Incoloy-800. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2020; 22 ():3286-3296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM. Jagadeeswara Rao; Riyaaz Uddien Shaik; K. Buschaiah. 2020. "Electrical Discharge Machining: A Comparative Surface Integrity Study for Incoloy-800." Materials Today: Proceedings 22, no. : 3286-3296.