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Prof. Dr. Stefano Cesco
Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, I-39100 Bolzano, Italy

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Soil Chemistry
0 Plant Mineral Nutrition
0 Plant biochemistry
0 Root Exudates
0 Nutrient transport

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Root Exudates
Copper toxicity
Plant Mineral Nutrition
nutrient deficiency
Soil Chemistry

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Journal article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Agronomy
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In recent years, the application of nanotechnology for the development of new “smart fertilizers” is regarded as one of the most promising solutions for boosting a more sustainable and modern grapevine cultivation. Despite showing interesting potential benefits over conventional fertilization practices, the use of nanofertilizers in viticulture is still underexplored. In this work, we investigated the effectiveness of non-toxic calcium phosphate nanoparticles (Ca3(PO4)2∙nH2O) doped with urea (U-ACP) as a nitrogen source for grapevine fertilization. Plant tests were performed for two years (2019–2020) on potted adult Pinot gris cv. vines grown under semi-controlled conditions. Four fertilization treatments were compared: N1: commercial granular fertilization (45 kg N ha−1); N2: U-ACP applied in fertigation (36 kg N ha−1); N3: foliar application of U-ACP (36 kg N ha−1); C: control, receiving no N fertilization. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD), yield parameters as well as those of berry quality were analyzed. Results here presented clearly show the capability of vine plants to recognize and use the nitrogen supplied with U-ACP nanoparticles either when applied foliarly or to the soil. Moreover, all of the quali–quantitative parameters measured in vine plants fed with nanoparticles were perfectly comparable to those of plants grown in conventional condition, despite the restrained dosage of nitrogen applied with the nanoparticles. Therefore, these results provide both clear evidence of the efficacy of U-ACP nanoparticles as a nitrogen source and the basis for the development of alternative nitrogen fertilization strategies, optimizing the dosage/benefit ratio and being particularly interesting in a context of a more sustainable and modern viticulture.

ACS Style

Federica Gaiotti; Marco Lucchetta; Giacomo Rodegher; Daniel Lorenzoni; Edoardo Longo; Emanuele Boselli; Stefano Cesco; Nicola Belfiore; Lorenzo Lovat; José Delgado-López; Francisco Carmona; Antonietta Guagliardi; Norberto Masciocchi; Youry Pii. Urea-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Sustainable Nitrogen Nanofertilizers for Viticulture: Implications on Yield and Quality of Pinot Gris Grapevines. Agronomy 2021, 11, 1026 .

AMA Style

Federica Gaiotti, Marco Lucchetta, Giacomo Rodegher, Daniel Lorenzoni, Edoardo Longo, Emanuele Boselli, Stefano Cesco, Nicola Belfiore, Lorenzo Lovat, José Delgado-López, Francisco Carmona, Antonietta Guagliardi, Norberto Masciocchi, Youry Pii. Urea-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Sustainable Nitrogen Nanofertilizers for Viticulture: Implications on Yield and Quality of Pinot Gris Grapevines. Agronomy. 2021; 11 (6):1026.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federica Gaiotti; Marco Lucchetta; Giacomo Rodegher; Daniel Lorenzoni; Edoardo Longo; Emanuele Boselli; Stefano Cesco; Nicola Belfiore; Lorenzo Lovat; José Delgado-López; Francisco Carmona; Antonietta Guagliardi; Norberto Masciocchi; Youry Pii. 2021. "Urea-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as Sustainable Nitrogen Nanofertilizers for Viticulture: Implications on Yield and Quality of Pinot Gris Grapevines." Agronomy 11, no. 6: 1026.

Correction
Published: 22 April 2021 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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A Corrigendum on Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots by Tiziani, R., Mimmo, T., Valentinuzzi, F., Pii, Y., Celletti, S., and Cesco, S. (2020). Front. Plant Sci. 11:584568. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.584568 In the original article, the authors neglected to acknowledge the funding provided by “Stiftung Südtiroler Sparkasse” (to Raphael Tiziani). The Funding section in the published article has been updated as presented below. This work was supported by grants from the Free University of Bolzano (NUMICS TN200E). “The doctoral fellowship of RT was funded by Stiftung Südtiroler Sparkasse.” The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated. Keywords: carboxylates, cluster roots, phosphate uptake, root exudates, white lupin Citation: Tiziani R, Mimmo T, Valentinuzzi F, Pii Y, Celletti S and Cesco S (2021) Corrigendum: Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. Front. Plant Sci. 12:681263. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.681263 Received: 16 March 2021; Accepted: 16 March 2021; Published: 22 April 2021. Approved by: Copyright © 2021 Tiziani, Mimmo, Valentinuzzi, Pii, Celletti and Cesco. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. *Correspondence: Raphael Tiziani, [email protected]; Tanja Mimmo, [email protected]

ACS Style

Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. Corrigendum: Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 12, 681263 .

AMA Style

Raphael Tiziani, Tanja Mimmo, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Youry Pii, Silvia Celletti, Stefano Cesco. Corrigendum: Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 12 ():681263.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. 2021. "Corrigendum: Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots." Frontiers in Plant Science 12, no. : 681263.

Original research article
Published: 20 January 2021 in Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
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Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) represent a heterogeneous group of bacteria, which have been characterized for their ability to influence the growth and the fitness of agricultural plants. In the quest of more sustainable practices, PGPR have been suggested as a valid complement for the agronomical practices, since they can influence several biochemical and molecular mechanisms related to the mineral nutrients uptake, the plant pathogens suppression, and the phytohormones production. Within the present work, three bacterial strains, namely Enterobacter asburiae BFD160, Pseudomonas koreensis TFD26, and Pseudomonas lini BFS112, previously characterized on the basis of distinctive PGPR traits, were tested to evaluate: (i) their persistence in soil microcosms; (ii) their effects on seeds germination; (iii) their possible influence on biochemical and physiological parameters related to plant growth, fruit quality, and plant nutrient acquisition and allocation. To these aims, two microcosms experiments featuring different complexities, i.e., namely a growth chamber and a tunnel, were used to compare the effects of the microbial inoculum to those of chemical fertilization on Cucumis sativus L. plants. In the growth experiment, the Pseudomonas spp. induced positive effects on both growth and physiological parameters; TFD26, in particular, induced an enhanced accumulation of mineral nutrients (Fe, Ca, Mn, Ni, Zn) in plant tissues. In the tunnel experiment, only P. koreensis TFD26 was selected as inoculum for cucumber plants used in combination or in alternative to a chemical fertilizer. Interestingly, the inoculation with TFD26 alone or in combination with half-strength chemical fertilizer could induce similar (e.g., Ca accumulation) or enhanced (e.g., micronutrients concentration in plant tissues and fruits) effects as compared to plants treated with full-strength chemical fertilizers. Overall, the results hereby presented show that the use of PGPR can lead to comparable, and in some cases improved, effects on biochemical and physiological parameters of cucumber plants and fruits. Although these data are referred to experiments carried out in controlled condition, though different from an open filed cultivation, our observations suggest that the application of PGPR and fertilizers mixtures might help shrinking the use of chemical fertilization and potentially leading to a more sustainable agricultural practice.

ACS Style

Marina Scagliola; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Carmine Crecchio; Youry Pii. Bioinoculants as Promising Complement of Chemical Fertilizers for a More Sustainable Agricultural Practice. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2021, 4, 1 .

AMA Style

Marina Scagliola, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, Carmine Crecchio, Youry Pii. Bioinoculants as Promising Complement of Chemical Fertilizers for a More Sustainable Agricultural Practice. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 2021; 4 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marina Scagliola; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Carmine Crecchio; Youry Pii. 2021. "Bioinoculants as Promising Complement of Chemical Fertilizers for a More Sustainable Agricultural Practice." Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 4, no. : 1.

Review
Published: 20 January 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In recent decades, agriculture has faced the fundamental challenge of needing to increase food production and quality in order to meet the requirements of a growing global population. Similarly, viticulture has also been undergoing change. Several countries are reducing their vineyard areas, and several others are increasing them. In addition, viticulture is moving towards higher altitudes and latitudes due to climate change. Furthermore, global warming is also exacerbating the incidence of fungal diseases in vineyards, forcing farmers to apply agrochemicals to preserve production yields and quality. The repeated application of copper (Cu)-based fungicides in conventional and organic farming has caused a stepwise accumulation of Cu in vineyard soils, posing environmental and toxicological threats. High Cu concentrations in soils can have multiple impacts on agricultural systems. In fact, it can (i) alter the chemical-physical properties of soils, thus compromising their fertility; (ii) induce toxicity phenomena in plants, producing detrimental effects on growth and productivity; and (iii) affect the microbial biodiversity of soils, thereby influencing some microbial-driven soil processes. However, several indirect (e.g., management of rhizosphere processes through intercropping and/or fertilization strategies) and direct (e.g., exploitation of vine resistant genotypes) strategies have been proposed to restrain Cu accumulation in soils. Furthermore, the application of precision and smart viticulture paradigms and their related technologies could allow a timely, localized and balanced distribution of agrochemicals to achieve the required goals. The present review highlights the necessity of applying multidisciplinary approaches to meet the requisites of sustainability demanded of modern viticulture.

ACS Style

Stefano Cesco; Youry Pii; Luigimaria Borruso; Guido Orzes; Paolo Lugli; Fabrizio Mazzetto; Giulio Genova; Marco Signorini; Gustavo Brunetto; Roberto Terzano; Gianpiero Vigani; Tanja Mimmo. A Smart and Sustainable Future for Viticulture Is Rooted in Soil: How to Face Cu Toxicity. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 907 .

AMA Style

Stefano Cesco, Youry Pii, Luigimaria Borruso, Guido Orzes, Paolo Lugli, Fabrizio Mazzetto, Giulio Genova, Marco Signorini, Gustavo Brunetto, Roberto Terzano, Gianpiero Vigani, Tanja Mimmo. A Smart and Sustainable Future for Viticulture Is Rooted in Soil: How to Face Cu Toxicity. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (3):907.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Cesco; Youry Pii; Luigimaria Borruso; Guido Orzes; Paolo Lugli; Fabrizio Mazzetto; Giulio Genova; Marco Signorini; Gustavo Brunetto; Roberto Terzano; Gianpiero Vigani; Tanja Mimmo. 2021. "A Smart and Sustainable Future for Viticulture Is Rooted in Soil: How to Face Cu Toxicity." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3: 907.

Fungal microbiology
Published: 20 January 2021 in Microbial Ecology
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Here, we investigated the possible linkages among geophagy, soil characteristics, and gut mycobiome of indri (Indri indri), an endangered lemur species able to survive only in wild conditions. The soil eaten by indri resulted in enriched secondary oxide-hydroxides and clays, together with a high concentration of specific essential micronutrients. This could partially explain the role of the soil in detoxification and as a nutrient supply. Besides, we found that soil subject to geophagy and indris’ faeces shared about 8.9% of the fungal OTUs. Also, several genera (e.g. Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium) commonly associated with soil and plant material were found in both geophagic soil and indri samples. On the contrary, some taxa with pathogenic potentials, such as Cryptococcus, were only found in indri samples. Further, many saprotrophs and plant-associated fungal taxa were detected in the indri faeces. These fungal species may be involved in the digestion processes of leaves and could have a beneficial role in their health. In conclusion, we found an intimate connection between gut mycobiome and soil, highlighting, once again, the potential consequent impacts on the wider habitat.

ACS Style

Luigimaria Borruso; Alice Checcucci; Valeria Torti; Federico Correa; Camillo Sandri; Daine Luise; Luciano Cavani; Monica Modesto; Caterina Spiezio; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Maura Di Vito; Francesca Bugli; Rose M. Randrianarison; Marco Gamba; Nianja J. Rarojoson; Cesare Avesani Zaborra; Paola Mattarelli; Paolo Trevisi; Cristina Giacoma. I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy. Microbial Ecology 2021, 82, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Luigimaria Borruso, Alice Checcucci, Valeria Torti, Federico Correa, Camillo Sandri, Daine Luise, Luciano Cavani, Monica Modesto, Caterina Spiezio, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, Maura Di Vito, Francesca Bugli, Rose M. Randrianarison, Marco Gamba, Nianja J. Rarojoson, Cesare Avesani Zaborra, Paola Mattarelli, Paolo Trevisi, Cristina Giacoma. I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy. Microbial Ecology. 2021; 82 (1):1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Luigimaria Borruso; Alice Checcucci; Valeria Torti; Federico Correa; Camillo Sandri; Daine Luise; Luciano Cavani; Monica Modesto; Caterina Spiezio; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Maura Di Vito; Francesca Bugli; Rose M. Randrianarison; Marco Gamba; Nianja J. Rarojoson; Cesare Avesani Zaborra; Paola Mattarelli; Paolo Trevisi; Cristina Giacoma. 2021. "I Like the Way You Eat It: Lemur (Indri indri) Gut Mycobiome and Geophagy." Microbial Ecology 82, no. 1: 1-9.

Preprint content
Published: 10 December 2020
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The reliable sampling of root exudates in soil grown plants is experimentally challenging. This study aimed at developing a citrate sampling and mapping technique with millimetre-resolution using DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) ZrOH binding gels. Citrate adsorption kinetics, DGT capacity and stability of ZrOH gels were evaluated. ZrOH gels were applied to generate 2D maps of citrate exuded by white lupin roots grown in rhizotrosn in a phosphorus deficient soil. Citrate was adsorbed quantitatively and rapidly by the ZrOH gels, these gels can be stored after sampling for several weeks prior to analysis. The DGT capacity of the ZrOH gel for citrate depends on the ionic strength and the pH of the soil solution but was suitable for citrate sampling. 2D citrate maps of rhizotron grown plants have been generated for the first time at a millimetre resolution to measure an illustrated plant response to P fertilization. DGT-based citrate sampling is suitable for studying the root exudation in soil environments, at unprecedented spatial resolution. By changing binding material, the technique is also applicable to other exudate classes and might be used for the evaluation of whole root exudation crucial in specific cultivar breeding. Highlight We present a novel, reliable, easy to use, non-destructive citrate sampling- and two-dimensional high-resolution imaging technique for soil grown plant roots.

ACS Style

Raphael Tiziani; Markus Puschenreiter; Erik Smolders; Tanja Mimmo; José Carlos Herrera; Stefano Cesco; Jakob Santner. Millimeter-resolution mapping of citrate exuded from soil grown roots using a novel, low-invasive sampling technique. 2020, 1 .

AMA Style

Raphael Tiziani, Markus Puschenreiter, Erik Smolders, Tanja Mimmo, José Carlos Herrera, Stefano Cesco, Jakob Santner. Millimeter-resolution mapping of citrate exuded from soil grown roots using a novel, low-invasive sampling technique. . 2020; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raphael Tiziani; Markus Puschenreiter; Erik Smolders; Tanja Mimmo; José Carlos Herrera; Stefano Cesco; Jakob Santner. 2020. "Millimeter-resolution mapping of citrate exuded from soil grown roots using a novel, low-invasive sampling technique." , no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 10 December 2020 in Agronomy
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Biostimulants play an important role in the development of management practices able to reach adequate productivity to meet the food demand of a growing world population, while following a sustainable agriculture model. This work aims to evaluate the effect of a protein hydrolysate derived from legume seeds by enzymatic hydrolysis on plant growth and also to verify its ability to mitigate Fe deficiency, a widespread problem significantly limiting plant growth and crop productivity. Experiments were performed with tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.—cv. AKRAI F1) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.—cv. EKRON F1). The plants were grown hydroponically under adequate or limited Fe supply. Changes in shoot and root fresh weight, leaf relative chlorophyll content and the accumulation of macro- and microelements in shoots and roots were measured. Plant ability to cope with Fe deficiency was measured by evaluating the activity of root Fe3+-chelate reductase. Our results indicate that the foliar treatments with the protein hydrolysate did not significantly affect growth parameters when plants were grown in full nutrient solution. However, the biostimulant was able to improve the growth performance of Fe-deficient plants. Therefore, the protein hydrolysate can be a powerful tool to stimulate crop growth under Fe-deficient environments, leading to reduced fertilizer inputs with related environmental and economic benefits.

ACS Style

Silvia Celletti; Stefania Astolfi; Nicoletta Guglielmo; Giuseppe Colla; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. Evaluation of a Legume-Derived Protein Hydrolysate to Mitigate Iron Deficiency in Plants. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1942 .

AMA Style

Silvia Celletti, Stefania Astolfi, Nicoletta Guglielmo, Giuseppe Colla, Stefano Cesco, Tanja Mimmo. Evaluation of a Legume-Derived Protein Hydrolysate to Mitigate Iron Deficiency in Plants. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (12):1942.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Celletti; Stefania Astolfi; Nicoletta Guglielmo; Giuseppe Colla; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. 2020. "Evaluation of a Legume-Derived Protein Hydrolysate to Mitigate Iron Deficiency in Plants." Agronomy 10, no. 12: 1942.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2020 in International Journal of Higher Education
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In the last year a new virus (SARS‑CoV‑2) and the disease caused by it (COVID-19) has quickly spread around the world, leading the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency and, then, a global pandemic status. The strategies adopted by many countries to reduce the impact of the pandemic were mainly based on social distancing rules and on stay-at-home measures or lockdowns. These strategies had severe disruptive consequences on many sectors, including all levels of education. While the “traditional” (face-to-face) Higher Education (HE) system was unprepared for the lockdown (e.g., no plans for a massive shift to online teaching were available/ready), it reacted in an extremely quick and effective way, replacing face-to-face teaching with online teaching. While COVID-19 has been extremely challenging for education, the experience has undoubtedly provided positive inputs for the digitalization of the HE system. The question is however, if whether after the COVID-19 emergency everything will go back to the previous situation or instead if the pandemic has irreversibly changed HE. While we are still in the middle of the crisis, it is in our view beneficial to start to reflect on the challenges and open issues that emerged during this period and the lessons learned for the “new normal” (as it is often referred to). In this conceptual paper we seek to start this discussion by focusing on the following relevant aspects that should be considered to succeed in the digital transformation: broadband network infrastructure and hardware devices; e-learning software; organization of teaching activities; pedagogical issues; diversity and inclusivity; and a number of other issues. We conclude that the COVID-19 pandemic will irreversibly change HE and probably for the better.

ACS Style

Stefano Cesco; Vincenzo Zara; Alberto F. De Toni; Paolo Lugli; Giovanni Betta; Alexander C.O. Evans; Guido Orzes. Higher Education in the First Year of COVID-19: Thoughts and Perspectives for the Future. International Journal of Higher Education 2020, 10, 285 .

AMA Style

Stefano Cesco, Vincenzo Zara, Alberto F. De Toni, Paolo Lugli, Giovanni Betta, Alexander C.O. Evans, Guido Orzes. Higher Education in the First Year of COVID-19: Thoughts and Perspectives for the Future. International Journal of Higher Education. 2020; 10 (3):285.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Cesco; Vincenzo Zara; Alberto F. De Toni; Paolo Lugli; Giovanni Betta; Alexander C.O. Evans; Guido Orzes. 2020. "Higher Education in the First Year of COVID-19: Thoughts and Perspectives for the Future." International Journal of Higher Education 10, no. 3: 285.

Journal article
Published: 10 November 2020 in Journal of Environmental Management
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The management of digestate, the main by-product of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process, is one of the most serious environmental issues. Although digestate is used on arable land as a fertilizer, it can have a negative impact on the environment due to nitrate leaching into the groundwater and ammonia volatilization into the atmosphere, with high economic and environmental disposal costs. Therefore, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), a thermochemical biomass conversion process, could represent a sustainable and efficient alternative for digestate management. Hydrochar, the solid product of the HTC process, has been recently proposed as a plant growing medium in soilless culture systems (SCS). Here, using cow manure digestate as feedstock, we investigated the influence of the HTC process reaction temperature (180, 220 and 250 °C) and residence time (1 and 3 h) on the physical-chemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity, and mineral element concentrations) of the resulting hydrochars. Furthermore, in order to fully valorize hydrochar as a growing medium, their possible phytotoxic effects and those of their water extracts (prepared at two different concentrations and at different pHs) were tested in germination tests with cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.). Concentrations of nutrients, heavy metals, organic acids, sugars and furan compounds were determined in the water extracts. Characterization analysis of these hydrochars revealed that they can be distinguished from each other by their physical-chemical properties, which were significantly affected by the two process parameters. Specifically, the HTC temperature had a greater effect on the composition of hydrochars than the residence time. Germination tests found hydrochar water extracts to show significantly lower phytotoxicity than the hydrochars themselves. Notably, the phytotoxic effect of the extracts decreased with increasing extraction ratio and decreasing pH. The chromatographic characterization of extracts identified the presence of potential phytotoxins, such as furan compounds (i.e., hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural). However, before using hydrochars as potential and innovative growing media for plants, their phytotoxicity should be limited, for example through their dilution with other substrates. Overall, AD-HTC coupling could represent a valuable eco-sustainable expedient in the field of biomasses, green economy and waste conversion and, therefore, further investigations in this direction are necessary.

ACS Style

Silvia Celletti; Alex Bergamo; Vittoria Benedetti; Matteo Pecchi; Francesco Patuzzi; Daniele Basso; Marco Baratieri; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. Phytotoxicity of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of manure-based digestate. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 280, 111635 .

AMA Style

Silvia Celletti, Alex Bergamo, Vittoria Benedetti, Matteo Pecchi, Francesco Patuzzi, Daniele Basso, Marco Baratieri, Stefano Cesco, Tanja Mimmo. Phytotoxicity of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of manure-based digestate. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 280 ():111635.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Celletti; Alex Bergamo; Vittoria Benedetti; Matteo Pecchi; Francesco Patuzzi; Daniele Basso; Marco Baratieri; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. 2020. "Phytotoxicity of hydrochars obtained by hydrothermal carbonization of manure-based digestate." Journal of Environmental Management 280, no. : 111635.

Review
Published: 08 November 2020 in Agronomy
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Tree responses to fertilizer management are complex and are influenced by the interactions between the environment, other organisms, and the combined genetics of composite trees. Increased consumer awareness of the environmental impact of agriculture has stimulated research toward increasing nutrient-use efficiency, improving environmental sustainability, and maximizing quality. Here, we highlight recent advancements and identify knowledge gaps in nutrient dynamics across the soil–rhizosphere–tree continuum for fruit crops. Beneficial soil management practices can enhance nutrient uptake and there has been significant progress in the understanding of how roots, microorganisms, and soil interact to enhance nutrient acquisition in the rhizosphere. Characterizing root architecture, in situ, still remains one of the greatest research challenges in perennial fruit research. However, the last decade has advanced the characterization of root nutrient uptake and transport in plants but studies in tree fruit crops have been limited. Calcium, and its balance relative to other macronutrients, has been a primary focus for mineral nutrient research because of its important contributions to the development of physiological disorders. However, annual elemental redistribution makes these interactions complex. The development of new approaches for measuring nutrient movement in soil and plant systems will be critical for achieving sustainable production of high-quality fruit in the future.

ACS Style

Lee Kalcsits; Elmi Lotze; Massimo Tagliavini; Kirsten Hannam; Tanja Mimmo; Denise Neilsen; Gerry Neilsen; David Atkinson; Erica Casagrande Biasuz; Luigimaria Borruso; Stefano Cesco; Esmaeil Fallahi; Youry Pii; Nadia Valverdi. Recent Achievements and New Research Opportunities for Optimizing Macronutrient Availability, Acquisition, and Distribution for Perennial Fruit Crops. Agronomy 2020, 10, 1738 .

AMA Style

Lee Kalcsits, Elmi Lotze, Massimo Tagliavini, Kirsten Hannam, Tanja Mimmo, Denise Neilsen, Gerry Neilsen, David Atkinson, Erica Casagrande Biasuz, Luigimaria Borruso, Stefano Cesco, Esmaeil Fallahi, Youry Pii, Nadia Valverdi. Recent Achievements and New Research Opportunities for Optimizing Macronutrient Availability, Acquisition, and Distribution for Perennial Fruit Crops. Agronomy. 2020; 10 (11):1738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lee Kalcsits; Elmi Lotze; Massimo Tagliavini; Kirsten Hannam; Tanja Mimmo; Denise Neilsen; Gerry Neilsen; David Atkinson; Erica Casagrande Biasuz; Luigimaria Borruso; Stefano Cesco; Esmaeil Fallahi; Youry Pii; Nadia Valverdi. 2020. "Recent Achievements and New Research Opportunities for Optimizing Macronutrient Availability, Acquisition, and Distribution for Perennial Fruit Crops." Agronomy 10, no. 11: 1738.

Original research article
Published: 05 November 2020 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the most produced aromatic herbs in the world, exploiting hydroponic systems. It has been widely assessed that macronutrients, like nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), can strongly affect the organoleptic qualities of agricultural products, thus influencing their nutraceutical value. In addition, plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to affect plant growth and quality. Azospirillum brasilense is a PGPR able to colonize the root system of different crops, promoting their growth and development and influencing the acquisition of mineral nutrients. On the bases of these observations, we aimed at investigating the impact of both mineral nutrients supply and rhizobacteria inoculation on the nutraceutical value on two different sweet basil varieties, i.e., Genovese and Red Rubin. To these objectives, basil plants have been grown in hydroponics, with nutrient solutions fortified for the concentration of either S or N, supplied as SO42– or NO3–, respectively. In addition, plants were either non-inoculated or inoculated with A. brasilense. At harvest, basil plants were assessed for the yield and the nutraceutical properties of the edible parts. The cultivation of basil plants in the fortified nutrient solutions showed a general increasing trend in the accumulation of the fresh biomass, albeit the inoculation with A. brasilense did not further promote the growth. The metabolomic analyses disclosed a strong effect of treatments on the differential accumulation of metabolites in basil leaves, producing the modulation of more than 400 compounds belonging to the secondary metabolism, as phenylpropanoids, isoprenoids, alkaloids, several flavonoids, and terpenoids. The primary metabolism that resulted was also influenced by the treatments showing changes in the fatty acid, carbohydrates, and amino acids metabolism. The amino acid analysis revealed that the treatments induced an increase in arginine (Arg) content in the leaves, which has been shown to have beneficial effects on human health. In conclusion, between the two cultivars studied, Red Rubin displayed the most positive effect in terms of nutritional value, which was further enhanced following A. brasilense inoculation.

ACS Style

Simun Kolega; Begona Miras-Moreno; Valentina Buffagni; Luigi Lucini; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Mauro Maver; Tanja Mimmo; Marco Trevisan; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco. Nutraceutical Profiles of Two Hydroponically Grown Sweet Basil Cultivars as Affected by the Composition of the Nutrient Solution and the Inoculation With Azospirillum brasilense. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020, 11, 1 .

AMA Style

Simun Kolega, Begona Miras-Moreno, Valentina Buffagni, Luigi Lucini, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Mauro Maver, Tanja Mimmo, Marco Trevisan, Youry Pii, Stefano Cesco. Nutraceutical Profiles of Two Hydroponically Grown Sweet Basil Cultivars as Affected by the Composition of the Nutrient Solution and the Inoculation With Azospirillum brasilense. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020; 11 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simun Kolega; Begona Miras-Moreno; Valentina Buffagni; Luigi Lucini; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Mauro Maver; Tanja Mimmo; Marco Trevisan; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco. 2020. "Nutraceutical Profiles of Two Hydroponically Grown Sweet Basil Cultivars as Affected by the Composition of the Nutrient Solution and the Inoculation With Azospirillum brasilense." Frontiers in Plant Science 11, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Plasmopara viticola is one of the most important pathogens infecting Vitis vinifera plants. The interactions among P. viticola and both susceptible and resistant grapevine plants have been extensively characterised, at transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic levels. However, the involvement of plants ionome in the response against the pathogen has been completely neglected so far. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the possible role of leaf ionomic modulation during compatible and incompatible interactions between P. viticola and grapevine plants. In susceptible cultivars, a dramatic redistribution of mineral elements has been observed, thus uncovering a possible role for mineral nutrients in the response against pathogens. On the contrary, the resistant cultivars did not present substantial rearrangement of mineral elements at leaf level, except for manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe). This might demonstrate that, resistant cultivars, albeit expressing the resistance gene, still exploit a pathogen response mechanism based on the local increase in the concentration of microelements, which are involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, these data also highlight the link between the mineral nutrition and plants’ response to pathogens, further stressing that appropriate fertilization strategies can be fundamental for the expression of response mechanisms against pathogens.

ACS Style

Stefano Cesco; Anna Tolotti; Stefano Nadalini; Stefano Rizzi; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Carlo Porfido; Ignazio Allegretta; Oscar Giovannini; Michele Perazzolli; Guido Cipriani; Roberto Terzano; Ilaria Pertot; Youry Pii. Plasmopara viticola infection affects mineral elements allocation and distribution in Vitis vinifera leaves. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -18.

AMA Style

Stefano Cesco, Anna Tolotti, Stefano Nadalini, Stefano Rizzi, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Tanja Mimmo, Carlo Porfido, Ignazio Allegretta, Oscar Giovannini, Michele Perazzolli, Guido Cipriani, Roberto Terzano, Ilaria Pertot, Youry Pii. Plasmopara viticola infection affects mineral elements allocation and distribution in Vitis vinifera leaves. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-18.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Cesco; Anna Tolotti; Stefano Nadalini; Stefano Rizzi; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Carlo Porfido; Ignazio Allegretta; Oscar Giovannini; Michele Perazzolli; Guido Cipriani; Roberto Terzano; Ilaria Pertot; Youry Pii. 2020. "Plasmopara viticola infection affects mineral elements allocation and distribution in Vitis vinifera leaves." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-18.

Journal article
Published: 23 October 2020 in Plant Physiology and Biochemistry
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Due to the deliberate use of cupric fungicides in the last century for crop-defence programs, copper (Cu) has considerably accumulated in the soil. The concentrations of Cu often exceed the safety limits of risk assessment for Cu in soil and this may cause toxicity in plants. Copper toxicity induces nutritional imbalances in plants and constraints to plants growth. These aspects might be of paramount importance in the case of phosphorus (P), which is an essential plant macronutrient. In this work, hydroponically grown cucumber plants were used to investigate the influence of the exposure to different Cu concentrations (0.2, 5, 25 and 50 μM) on i) the phenotypic traits of plants, particularly at root level, ii) the nutrient content in both roots and shoots, and iii) the P uptake mechanisms, considering both the biochemical and molecular aspects. At high Cu concentrations (i.e. above 25 μM), the shoot and root growth resulted stunted and the P influx rate diminished. Furthermore, two P transporter genes (i.e. CsPT1.4 and CsPT1.9) were upregulated at the highest Cu concentration, albeit with different induction kinetics. Overall, these results confirm that high Cu concentrations can limit the root acquisition of P, most likely via a direct action on the uptake mechanisms (e.g. transporters). However, the alteration of root plasma membrane permeability induced by Cu toxicity might also play a pivotal role in the observed phenomenon.

ACS Style

Sebastian B. Feil; Youry Pii; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco. Copper toxicity affects phosphorus uptake mechanisms at molecular and physiological levels in Cucumis sativus plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 2020, 157, 138 -147.

AMA Style

Sebastian B. Feil, Youry Pii, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Raphael Tiziani, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco. Copper toxicity affects phosphorus uptake mechanisms at molecular and physiological levels in Cucumis sativus plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2020; 157 ():138-147.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sebastian B. Feil; Youry Pii; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco. 2020. "Copper toxicity affects phosphorus uptake mechanisms at molecular and physiological levels in Cucumis sativus plants." Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 157, no. : 138-147.

Journal article
Published: 07 October 2020 in Applied Soil Ecology
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Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) represents an efficient method in sustainable agriculture to improve nutrients availability and crop production in diverse environmental conditions. In the present work, untargeted metabolomics and community-level physiological profiles (CLPP) approaches were employed to investigate the shaping of tomato rhizosphere functioning and potential metabolic activity imposed by rhizosphere-associated microbiome, following inoculation with two different PGPB (Enterobacter sp. 15S and Pseudomonas sp. 16S). Significant increases in root and shoot dry biomass were observed in both inoculated treatments, when compared to uninoculated plants (p < 0.05). The untargeted metabolomics allowed discriminating the metabolic profiles of tomato rhizosphere, with distinct modulations imposed by either Enterobacter 15S or Pseudomonas 16S. Flavonoids and other phenolics were among the most frequently identified differential metabolites in the rhizosphere from both Enterobacter 15S and Pseudomonas 16S inoculated plants. Nevertheless, other metabolites like phytohormones and amino acids were also decisive to this specific modulation. The metabolic activity profile rhizosphere-associated microbiome of tomato plants unveiled by the CLPP analysis was congruent with the metabolomic data and reinforced the influence exerted by the bacterial inoculation on modulating the rhizosphere microbiome functioning. In particular, the microbiome associated with control and 16S-treated plants showed a higher functional diversity than those treated with Enterobacter 15S. Carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and polymers were the main classes of substrates which contributed to such differences.

ACS Style

Mónica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga; Karina Maria Lima Milani; Begoña Miras-Moreno; Luigi Lucini; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Elisete Pains Rodrigues; André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria alters the rhizosphere functioning of tomato plants. Applied Soil Ecology 2020, 158, 103784 .

AMA Style

Mónica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga, Karina Maria Lima Milani, Begoña Miras-Moreno, Luigi Lucini, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Tanja Mimmo, Youry Pii, Stefano Cesco, Elisete Pains Rodrigues, André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira. Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria alters the rhizosphere functioning of tomato plants. Applied Soil Ecology. 2020; 158 ():103784.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mónica Yorlady Alzate Zuluaga; Karina Maria Lima Milani; Begoña Miras-Moreno; Luigi Lucini; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Tanja Mimmo; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Elisete Pains Rodrigues; André Luiz Martinez de Oliveira. 2020. "Inoculation with plant growth-promoting bacteria alters the rhizosphere functioning of tomato plants." Applied Soil Ecology 158, no. : 103784.

Original research article
Published: 02 October 2020 in Frontiers in Plant Science
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The reliable quantification of root exudation and nutrient uptake is a very challenging task, especially when considering single root segments. Most methods used necessitate root handling e.g. root dissecting/cutting. However, there is a knowledge gap on how much these techniques affect root physiology. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the effect of different root handling techniques on the phosphate (Pi) uptake and carboxylate exudation of white lupin roots. White lupin plants were grown hydroponically in a full and Pi-deficient nutrient solution for 60 days. Phosphate uptake and carboxylate exudation of cluster and non-cluster roots were measured using custom made cells 1, 4, and 8 h after the onset of light. Three different experimental set-ups were used: i) without cutting the root apparatus from the shoots, nor dissecting the root into smaller root sections — named intact plant (IP); ii) separating the roots from the shoots, without dissecting the root into smaller sections — named intact root (IR); iii) separating the roots form the shoots and dissecting the roots in different sections—named dissected roots (DR). The sampling at 8 h led to the most significant alterations of the root Pi uptake induced by the sampling method. Generally, roots were mainly affected by the DR sampling method, indicating that results of studies in which roots are cut/dissected should be interpreted carefully. Additionally, the study revealed that the root tip showed a very high Pi uptake rate, suggesting that the tip could act as a Pi sensor. Citrate, malate and lactate could be detected in juvenile, mature and senescent cluster root exudation. We observed a significant effect of the handling method on carboxylate exudation only at sampling hours 1 and 8, although no clear and distinctive trend could be observed. Results here presented reveal that the root handling as well as the sampling time point can greatly influence root physiology and therefore should not be neglected when interpreting rhizosphere dynamics.

ACS Style

Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020, 11, 584568 .

AMA Style

Raphael Tiziani, Tanja Mimmo, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Youry Pii, Silvia Celletti, Stefano Cesco. Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020; 11 ():584568.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raphael Tiziani; Tanja Mimmo; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. 2020. "Root Handling Affects Carboxylates Exudation and Phosphate Uptake of White Lupin Roots." Frontiers in Plant Science 11, no. : 584568.

Journal article
Published: 29 September 2020 in Scientific Reports
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Plant roots are able to exude vast amounts of metabolites into the rhizosphere in response to phosphorus (P) deficiency. Causing noteworthy costs in terms of energy and carbon (C) for the plants. Therefore, it is suggested that exudates reacquisition by roots could represent an energy saving strategy of plants. This study aimed at investigating the effect of P deficiency on the ability of hydroponically grown tomato plants to re-acquire specific compounds generally present in root exudates by using 13C-labelled molecules. Results showed that P deficient tomato plants were able to take up citrate (+ 37%) and malate (+ 37%), particularly when compared to controls. While glycine (+ 42%) and fructose (+ 49%) uptake was enhanced in P shortage, glucose acquisition was not affected by the nutritional status. Unexpectedly, results also showed that P deficiency leads to a 13C enrichment in both tomato roots and shoots over time (shoots—+ 2.66‰, roots—+ 2.64‰, compared to control plants), probably due to stomata closure triggered by P deficiency. These findings highlight that tomato plants are able to take up a wide range of metabolites belonging to root exudates, thus maximizing C trade off. This trait is particularly evident when plants grew in P deficiency.

ACS Style

Raphael Tiziani; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants. Scientific Reports 2020, 10, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Raphael Tiziani, Youry Pii, Silvia Celletti, Stefano Cesco, Tanja Mimmo. Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants. Scientific Reports. 2020; 10 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raphael Tiziani; Youry Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. 2020. "Phosphorus deficiency changes carbon isotope fractionation and triggers exudate reacquisition in tomato plants." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1: 1-12.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2020 in Agronomy
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Iron (Fe) bioavailability in soils is often limited and can be further exacerbated by a non- homogeneous distribution in the soil profile, which has been demonstrated to vary both in space and time. Consequently, plants respond with morphological and physiological modifications at the root level involving a complex local and systemic signaling machinery. The present work unravels the role of two phytohormones (i.e., ethylene and auxin) and their integrated signaling in plant response to Fe deficiency. Inhibitors of auxin polar transport and of ethylene biosynthesis (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid - NPA and aminoethoxyvinylglycine - AVG, respectively) were applied on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants grown by the split-root technique, which allows to simulate condition of Fe heterogeneous distribution. Results showed that plants, exposed to an uneven Fe supply, triggered a complex auxin-ethylene signaling. A systemic action of auxin on FERRIC REDUCTASE OXIDASE 1 (SlFRO1) expression was revealed, while ethylene signaling was effective both locally and systemically. In addition, the investigation of Fe concentration in tissues showed that when leaves overcame Fe deficiency a Fe “steady state” was maintained. Therefore, physiological adaptation to this heterogeneous Fe supply could be mediated by the integration of the complex signaling pathways prompted by both auxin and ethylene activities.

ACS Style

Silvia Celletti; Youry Pii; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Raphael Tiziani; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Gian Maria Beone; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Stefania Astolfi. Physiological Responses to Fe Deficiency in Split-Root Tomato Plants: Possible Roles of Auxin and Ethylene? Agronomy 2020, 10, 1000 .

AMA Style

Silvia Celletti, Youry Pii, Fabio Valentinuzzi, Raphael Tiziani, Maria Chiara Fontanella, Gian Maria Beone, Tanja Mimmo, Stefano Cesco, Stefania Astolfi. Physiological Responses to Fe Deficiency in Split-Root Tomato Plants: Possible Roles of Auxin and Ethylene? Agronomy. 2020; 10 (7):1000.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Silvia Celletti; Youry Pii; Fabio Valentinuzzi; Raphael Tiziani; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Gian Maria Beone; Tanja Mimmo; Stefano Cesco; Stefania Astolfi. 2020. "Physiological Responses to Fe Deficiency in Split-Root Tomato Plants: Possible Roles of Auxin and Ethylene?" Agronomy 10, no. 7: 1000.

Journal article
Published: 05 June 2020 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Fe chlorosis is considered as one of the major constraints on crop growth and yield worldwide, being particularly worse when associated with S shortage, due to the tight link between Fe and S. Plant adaptation to inadequate nutrient availabilities often relies on the release of root exudates that enhance nutrients, mobilization from soil colloids and favour their uptake by roots. This work aims at characterizing the exudomic profile of hydroponically grown tomato plants subjected to either single or combined Fe and S deficiency, as well as at shedding light on the regulation mechanisms underlying Fe and S acquisition processes by plants. Root exudates have been analysed by untargeted metabolomics, through liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry as well as gas chromatography–mass spectrometry following derivatization. More than 200 metabolites could be putatively annotated. Venn diagrams show that 23%, 10% and 21% of differential metabolites are distinctively modulated by single Fe deficiency, single S deficiency or combined Fe–S deficiency, respectively. Interestingly, for the first time, a mugineic acid derivative is detected in dicot plants root exudates. The results seem to support the hypothesis of the co-existence of the two Fe acquisition strategies in tomato plants.

ACS Style

Stefania Astolfi; Youry Pii; Tanja Mimmo; Luigi Lucini; Maria B. Miras-Moreno; Eleonora Coppa; Simona Violino; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. Single and Combined Fe and S Deficiency Differentially Modulate Root Exudate Composition in Tomato: A Double Strategy for Fe Acquisition? International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2020, 21, 4038 .

AMA Style

Stefania Astolfi, Youry Pii, Tanja Mimmo, Luigi Lucini, Maria B. Miras-Moreno, Eleonora Coppa, Simona Violino, Silvia Celletti, Stefano Cesco. Single and Combined Fe and S Deficiency Differentially Modulate Root Exudate Composition in Tomato: A Double Strategy for Fe Acquisition? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21 (11):4038.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefania Astolfi; Youry Pii; Tanja Mimmo; Luigi Lucini; Maria B. Miras-Moreno; Eleonora Coppa; Simona Violino; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco. 2020. "Single and Combined Fe and S Deficiency Differentially Modulate Root Exudate Composition in Tomato: A Double Strategy for Fe Acquisition?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11: 4038.

Research article
Published: 23 April 2020 in PLOS ONE
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The two alkaloids gramine and hordenine have been known for playing a role in the allelopathic ability in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). These allelochemicals can be both found in leaves and roots in some barley cultivars whereas in others one seems to exclude the other. In this study eighteen accessions of barley from the Middle-East area, one accession from Tibet and the modern spring cultivar Barke, already used as parental donor in a nested associated mapping (NAM) population, were screened for their gramine, hordenine and N-methyltyramine (the direct precursor of hordenine) content in leaves, roots and exudates. Moreover, the toxicity of the three allelochemicals on root growth inhibition on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) was evaluated. Results of this study showed the preferential production of gramine and hordenine in leaves and roots, respectively, in the nineteen barley accessions. On the other hand, in the modern barley cultivar Barke, the highest content of hordenine in roots and the general lack of gramine suggests a favored biosynthesis of the former. Gramine was not detected in the root exudates. In additions, different metabolomic profiles were observed in wild relatives compared to modern barley genotypes. The results also showed the phytotoxic effects of the three compounds on root growth of lettuce seedlings, with a reduction in root length and an increase of root surface area and diameter. In conclusion, this study highlighted the impact of the domestication effects on the production and distribution of the two allelopathic alkaloids gramine and hordenine in barley.

ACS Style

Mauro Maver; Begoña Miras-Moreno; Luigi Lucini; Marco Trevisan; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. New insights in the allelopathic traits of different barley genotypes: Middle Eastern and Tibetan wild-relative accessions vs. cultivated modern barley. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0231976 .

AMA Style

Mauro Maver, Begoña Miras-Moreno, Luigi Lucini, Marco Trevisan, Youry Pii, Stefano Cesco, Tanja Mimmo. New insights in the allelopathic traits of different barley genotypes: Middle Eastern and Tibetan wild-relative accessions vs. cultivated modern barley. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (4):e0231976.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mauro Maver; Begoña Miras-Moreno; Luigi Lucini; Marco Trevisan; Youry Pii; Stefano Cesco; Tanja Mimmo. 2020. "New insights in the allelopathic traits of different barley genotypes: Middle Eastern and Tibetan wild-relative accessions vs. cultivated modern barley." PLOS ONE 15, no. 4: e0231976.

Articles
Published: 20 April 2020 in Journal of Plant Nutrition
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Phosphorus (Pi) is one of the most limiting factors in plant nutrition as it is the least mobile and available nutrient to plants in most soil conditions. The management of Pi fertilization in agriculture raises ecological, economic, and social issues, since phosphate rock minerals are the only significant global resources of Pi and they will be rapidly depleted. Eggshell waste is a big problem for food companies producing different types of egg products, since the eggshell waste is very often simply discarded and disposed at landfills, with high costs related to their disposal. The aim of this work was the characterization of eggshells as a Pi source for plants, using tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L cv Marmande) as a model species. Plants were grown hydroponically being exposed to adequate and limited Pi availability, with or without eggshell powder. Plant growth performance was characterized by analyzing changes in fresh weight, protein, chlorophyll concentration, carotenoid content, and measuring the plant’s capability to accumulate phosphate. The addition of eggshell powder to the nutrient solution significantly improved plant growth and increased protein and chlorophyll concentration, not only with respect to P-deficient control, but also with P-sufficient ones. Furthermore, eggshell powder significantly increased Pi accumulation in P-deficient plants, suggesting that eggshell waste could be a suitable material as Pi source for tomato plants, thus contributing to the environmentally friendly disposal of this waste.

ACS Style

S. Astolfi; F. Caddeu; E. Coppa; Y. Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco; T. Mimmo. Preliminary evaluation of eggshells as a source of phosphate on hydroponically grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2020, 43, 1852 -1861.

AMA Style

S. Astolfi, F. Caddeu, E. Coppa, Y. Pii, Silvia Celletti, Stefano Cesco, T. Mimmo. Preliminary evaluation of eggshells as a source of phosphate on hydroponically grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 2020; 43 (12):1852-1861.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S. Astolfi; F. Caddeu; E. Coppa; Y. Pii; Silvia Celletti; Stefano Cesco; T. Mimmo. 2020. "Preliminary evaluation of eggshells as a source of phosphate on hydroponically grown tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings." Journal of Plant Nutrition 43, no. 12: 1852-1861.