This article addresses the issue of food waste, highlighting its implications for food security, sustainability, and global resource management. The main objective is to develop the principles for an Integrated Sustainable Food Waste Reduction System (IFWRS), a theoretical and practical framework that unites public policies, consumer behavior, and technological innovation. To achieve this goal, the study employs a systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis to identify critical gaps, synthesize existing knowledge, and provide a solid foundation for the proposed IFWRS principles. These principles present actionable strategies to combat food waste through a holistic and multidisciplinary approach, overcoming fragmented methodologies and aligning with sustainability goals at both local and global levels. This work makes a fundamental contribution to the field, providing not only a robust theoretical foundation but also a practical guide for implementing innovative and sustainable solutions across the food chain. By integrating various sectors and promoting a unified vision, the IFWRS principles pave the way for more effective policies and interventions that can transform the global food waste landscape. With its unique and groundbreaking approach, this study offers a revolutionary perspective to solve one of the world’s greatest challenges, driving collective action and the adoption of sustainable, transformative strategies.

Sustainability is a topic that is increasingly discussed in society and organizations, leading many companies to adopt communication strategies focused on this theme. The objective of this article was to identify in the literature the ways, means, or tools that companies use to communicate sustainability. This article was based on a systematic review of the literature on the topic, resulting in a final sample of 18 articles from 14 different journals. Seven potential topics were identified in the systematic review: (i) communication strategies, (ii) the relationship between communication and consumer behavior, (iii) communication and health benefits, (iv) sustainability and corporate social responsibility (CSR), (v) sustainable business models, (vi) sustainability and process optimization, and (vii) sustainability and environmental impact. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the strategies that companies can use to communicate sustainability are as follows: use new technologies (internet, social networks, websites, etc.), make value propositions based on consumer behaviors, disseminate clear and consistent information, and ensure broader work teams, among others. These results contribute to the advancement of scientific literature and to the definition and implementation of more efficient and effective public policies that facilitate communication between companies and consumers. Finally, this paper offers practical suggestions to formulate sustainable communication strategies.

São Tomé and Príncipe (STP) is one of the world’s smallest organic cocoa exporting countries, whose product has a positive socio-cultural and economic impact. Small producers who ensure it, are associated into two cooperatives that experience several difficulties and dilemmas including climate changes and poverty. Diversification of livelihood strategies could lead to wellbeing, poverty and climate mitigation. The aim of this study was to analyse producers’ perception of sustainability related to the organic cocoa production in STP and to explain the influence of different factors on their livelihood strategies (LS). An ordered probit model for disaggregation of factor categories was used for the 2021 period. The results showed that gender, age, family size, members on-farm and off-farm work and professional training courses do not influence livelihood strategies. The important variables for them are education level, perception of social class, insurances and loans and access to services.

This paper studies the strongly asymmetrical distribution of the population, quality of life and economic development in Portugal. It identifies homogeneous areas supported by an analysis of competitiveness, cohesion and environmental quality dimensions. Drawing on a multivariate approach, its findings reveal differences in terms of development across the country. The study identified groups of regions with common characteristics that go beyond the standard north–south or coastal–inland distinctions. Metropolitan areas and export-oriented regions are clearly distinguishable from the remainder of the country. Economic agglomeration indicators, as gross domestic product per capita, population density, resident foreign population and youth index, among others, are those that reveal greater diversity across the country.