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Prof. Robert Smolenski
University of Zielona Gora, Institute of Automatics, Electronics and Electrical Engineering

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Electromagnetic Compatibility
0 Energy Storage
0 Power Electronics
0 Smart Cities
0 Smart Grid

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Electromagnetic Compatibility
Smart Grid
Energy Storage
Power Electronics

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Journal article
Published: 12 June 2021 in Electronics
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Power line communication (PLC) is increasingly emerging as an important communication technology for the smart-grid environment. As PLC systems use the existing infrastructure, they are always exposed to conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) from switching mode power converters, which need to be tightly controlled to meet EMC regulations and to ensure the proper operation of the PLC system. For this purpose, spread-spectrum modulation (SSM) techniques are widely adopted to decrease the amplitude of the generated EMI from the power converters so as to comply with EMC regulations. In this paper, the influence of a spread-spectrum-modulated SiC-based buck converter on the G3-PLC channel performance is described in terms of channel capacity reduction using the Shannon–Hartley equation. The experimental setup was implemented to emulate a specific coupling path between the power and communication circuits and the channel capacity reduction was evaluated by the Shannon–Hartley equation in several operating scenarios and compared with the measured frame error rate. Based on the obtained results, SSM provides the EMI spectral peak amplitude reduction required to pass the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) tests, but results in increased EMI-induced channel capacity degradation and increased transmission error rate in PLC systems.

ACS Style

Waseem Sayed; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Niek Moonen; Paolo Crovetti; Dave Thomas. The Effect of EMI Generated from Spread-Spectrum-Modulated SiC-Based Buck Converter on the G3-PLC Channel. Electronics 2021, 10, 1416 .

AMA Style

Waseem Sayed, Piotr Lezynski, Robert Smolenski, Niek Moonen, Paolo Crovetti, Dave Thomas. The Effect of EMI Generated from Spread-Spectrum-Modulated SiC-Based Buck Converter on the G3-PLC Channel. Electronics. 2021; 10 (12):1416.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waseem Sayed; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Niek Moonen; Paolo Crovetti; Dave Thomas. 2021. "The Effect of EMI Generated from Spread-Spectrum-Modulated SiC-Based Buck Converter on the G3-PLC Channel." Electronics 10, no. 12: 1416.

Journal article
Published: 02 June 2021 in Energies
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Power line communication (PLC), which is often used in advanced metering infrastructure (AMI), may be disturbed by adjacent high-power converters. Due to the inherent features of this type of communication, classic methods of improving communication reliability (filtration and circuit separation) cannot be fully applied. Information coding (modulation) methods are used in PLC to increase the data transfer rate and improve noise immunity. Random modulations (RanM) are used in converters to lower emission levels. Therefore, we investigate how the converters’ modulation parameters and coding methods may affect PLC communication reliability in the paper. To this end, we employ an experimental approach. In particular, the analysis of the influence of deterministic modulation (DetM) and (RanM) on the performance of narrowband G3-PLC is shown. We emulated an actual situation where EMI generated by the DC/DC converter disturbed the PLC transmission. The experimental results show the transmission error rates for different operating scenarios. The natural (experimental) system results, due to the complexity of the disturbing signals, differ from the literature data obtained by simulation for normalized signals.

ACS Style

Waseem Sayed; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Amr Madi; Marcin Pazera; Adam Kempski. Deterministic vs. Random Modulated Interference on G3 Power Line Communication. Energies 2021, 14, 3257 .

AMA Style

Waseem Sayed, Piotr Lezynski, Robert Smolenski, Amr Madi, Marcin Pazera, Adam Kempski. Deterministic vs. Random Modulated Interference on G3 Power Line Communication. Energies. 2021; 14 (11):3257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waseem Sayed; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Amr Madi; Marcin Pazera; Adam Kempski. 2021. "Deterministic vs. Random Modulated Interference on G3 Power Line Communication." Energies 14, no. 11: 3257.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2020 in Energies
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The assessment of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) is important for both technical and legal reasons. This manuscript addresses specific issues that should be taken into account for proper EMC assessment of energy systems that use power electronic interfaces. The standardized EMC measuring techniques have been used in a laboratory setup consisting in two identical DC/DC converters with deterministic and random modulations. Measuring difficulties caused by the low frequency envelopes, resulting from frequency beating accompanying aggregation of harmonic components of similar frequencies, were indicated as a phenomenon that might lead to significant problems during the EMC assessment using currently binding standards. The experimental results describing deterministic and random modulated converters might be useful for practitioners implementing power interfaces in microgrids and power systems as well as for researchers involved in EMC assurance of power systems consisting in multiple power electronic interfaces.

ACS Style

Hermes Loschi; Robert Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Douglas Nascimento; Galina Demidova. Aggregated Conducted Electromagnetic Interference Generated by DC/DC Converters with Deterministic and Random Modulation. Energies 2020, 13, 3698 .

AMA Style

Hermes Loschi, Robert Smolenski, Piotr Lezynski, Douglas Nascimento, Galina Demidova. Aggregated Conducted Electromagnetic Interference Generated by DC/DC Converters with Deterministic and Random Modulation. Energies. 2020; 13 (14):3698.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hermes Loschi; Robert Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Douglas Nascimento; Galina Demidova. 2020. "Aggregated Conducted Electromagnetic Interference Generated by DC/DC Converters with Deterministic and Random Modulation." Energies 13, no. 14: 3698.

Journal article
Published: 23 June 2020 in Measurement
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An assessment of electromagnetic compatibility is important from a technical as well as legal point of view. The harmonized standards should provide detailed guidelines enabling assessment of electromagnetic compatibility for the typical application of devices in systems. This paper presents the specific issues accompanying measurements of conducted electromagnetic interference in multiconverter systems. The theoretical considerations have been confirmed by experimental results obtained in a laboratory and in a real 1 MW photovoltaic power plant. The presented theoretical and experimental results might constitute the recommendations for practitioners dealing with conducted interference measurements, while the proposed approach can be used as a basis for the elaboration of reliable standards for electromagnetic compatibility assessment in multiconverter systems within the scope of the studied interference frequency range.

ACS Style

Robert Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Jacek Bojarski; Wojciech Drozdz; Lok Choon Long. Electromagnetic compatibility assessment in multiconverter power systems – Conducted interference issues. Measurement 2020, 165, 108119 .

AMA Style

Robert Smolenski, Piotr Lezynski, Jacek Bojarski, Wojciech Drozdz, Lok Choon Long. Electromagnetic compatibility assessment in multiconverter power systems – Conducted interference issues. Measurement. 2020; 165 ():108119.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Jacek Bojarski; Wojciech Drozdz; Lok Choon Long. 2020. "Electromagnetic compatibility assessment in multiconverter power systems – Conducted interference issues." Measurement 165, no. : 108119.

Journal article
Published: 11 May 2020 in Energies
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Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) provides the possibility to design new “electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) friendly” control techniques for power electronic converters. Such control techniques use pseudo-random modulators (RanM) to control the converter switches. However, some issues connected with the FPGA-based design of RanM, such as matching the range of fixed-point numbers, might be challenging. The modern programming tools, such as LabVIEW, may facilitate the design process, but there are still fixed-point operations and limitations in arithmetic operations. This paper presents the design insights on the FPGA-based EMC friendly control system for DC/DC converter. Probability density functions (PDF) are used to analyse and improve pseudo-random algorithms. The theoretical algorithms, hardware details and experimental results are presented and discussed in terms of conducted electromagnetic interference emission.

ACS Style

Hermes Loschi; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Douglas Nascimento; Wojciech Sleszynski. FPGA-Based System for Electromagnetic Interference Evaluation in Random Modulated DC/DC Converters. Energies 2020, 13, 2389 .

AMA Style

Hermes Loschi, Piotr Lezynski, Robert Smolenski, Douglas Nascimento, Wojciech Sleszynski. FPGA-Based System for Electromagnetic Interference Evaluation in Random Modulated DC/DC Converters. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2389.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hermes Loschi; Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Douglas Nascimento; Wojciech Sleszynski. 2020. "FPGA-Based System for Electromagnetic Interference Evaluation in Random Modulated DC/DC Converters." Energies 13, no. 9: 2389.

Journal article
Published: 03 October 2019 in Measurement
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However, the theoretical analyses as well as experimental results have indicated that ostensible reduction of the EMI level generated by random modulated converters results from the methodology of the EMI spectrum measurement, adopted in currently binding standards, rather than physical nature of interference generation phenomenon. The experimental investigations, presented in the paper, have shown that utilization of commonly used EMI measuring standards might lead to wrong conclusions in a case of assessment of electromagnetic compatibility of random modulated converters. The aim of this paper is to propose the novel, efficient method enabling objective evaluation of the EMI generated by random modulated converters.

ACS Style

Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Hermes Loschi; Dave Thomas; Niek Moonen. A novel method for EMI evaluation in random modulated power electronic converters. Measurement 2019, 151, 107098 .

AMA Style

Piotr Lezynski, Robert Smolenski, Hermes Loschi, Dave Thomas, Niek Moonen. A novel method for EMI evaluation in random modulated power electronic converters. Measurement. 2019; 151 ():107098.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Lezynski; Robert Smolenski; Hermes Loschi; Dave Thomas; Niek Moonen. 2019. "A novel method for EMI evaluation in random modulated power electronic converters." Measurement 151, no. : 107098.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2019 in IEEE Access
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Cyber-Physical Power Systems integrate the various devices which provide ancillary system services. In this paper, the design and implementation of a fully controllable cyber-physical system is presented. This system simulates the behavior of the real power system and additionally assures controllable, repeatable testing conditions, enabling investigations of energy storage systems. Ancillary system services provided by energy storages are especially crucial in the context of renewable energy sources and electromobility sector development. Credible tests of control strategies, realizing system services, require controllability of test parameters. Such investigations are impossible in a real power system, due to its inherent variability. The novel approach presented in the paper enables management of power system resources supplied by various producers and ensures flexibility in the realization of assumed scenarios of power system operation. Such an controllable cyber-physical power system constitutes a suitable environment for tests of the effectiveness of ancillary services provided by energy storage systems, because the system is independent of inherent variability of the real power system and enables flexible realization of the control algorithms developed for all of the system components (power source, loads and energy storages). The voltage profile improvement in low voltage grids has been shown in a case study confirming the applicability of the proposed approach.

ACS Style

Piotr Lezynski; Pawel Szczesniak; Bartosz Waskowicz; Robert Smolenski; Wojciech Drozdz. Design and Implementation of a Fully Controllable Cyber-Physical System for Testing Energy Storage Systems. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 47259 -47272.

AMA Style

Piotr Lezynski, Pawel Szczesniak, Bartosz Waskowicz, Robert Smolenski, Wojciech Drozdz. Design and Implementation of a Fully Controllable Cyber-Physical System for Testing Energy Storage Systems. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):47259-47272.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Lezynski; Pawel Szczesniak; Bartosz Waskowicz; Robert Smolenski; Wojciech Drozdz. 2019. "Design and Implementation of a Fully Controllable Cyber-Physical System for Testing Energy Storage Systems." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 47259-47272.

Journal article
Published: 04 September 2018 in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
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The concept of demand response (DR) is relatively well-known. There is an extensive literature on possible DR system services and evaluation of regulative potential, based on statistical analyses of data concerning loads suitable for provision of the service. Some of the presented concepts have been implemented in real applications. However, as far as the authors know, this paper presents the first attempt at an implementation of a decentralized active DR system (DADR), without communication between devices, in the form of a laboratory setup consisting 1000 devices enabling primary regulation support. The proposed implementation covers an original hardware design, a software platform for flexible system development, a laboratory arrangement enabling an objective assessment of the quality of service provided by the DADR system, as well as results of a pilot test in real power system. The practical realization of the DADR system is based on an earlier elaborated and theoretically investigated control algorithm, presented in previous papers.

ACS Style

Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Piotr Lezynski; Marcin Jarnut. Hardware and Software Implementation of Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System Supporting Primary Regulation. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2018, 10, 4806 -4815.

AMA Style

Robert Smolenski, Grzegorz Benysek, Piotr Lezynski, Marcin Jarnut. Hardware and Software Implementation of Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System Supporting Primary Regulation. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. 2018; 10 (5):4806-4815.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Piotr Lezynski; Marcin Jarnut. 2018. "Hardware and Software Implementation of Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System Supporting Primary Regulation." IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 10, no. 5: 4806-4815.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2018 in IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion
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Presented in the paper is a novel approach to synchronization of shore and ship power systems, providing a blackout-free supply from the shore. An application of the shore-to-ship synchronization strategy, proposed in the paper, instead of the commonly used ship-to-shore synchronization, enables a fuller exploitation of the high dynamic offered by power electronic converters. Converters are increasingly being used in shore-to-ship supply arrangements in order to ensure the required levels of voltages and frequencies, specified in shore-supply related standards. Simulation results, supported by preliminary tests in small-scale experimental arrangements, have confirmed that shore-to-ship applications might significantly improve the dynamics of the synchronization as well as the parameters of the load transferring process, especially under distorted ship voltage conditions.

ACS Style

Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Mariusz Malinowski; Marcin Sedlak; Sebastian Stynski; Marek Jasinski. Ship-to-Shore Versus Shore-to-Ship Synchronization Strategy. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 2018, 33, 1787 -1796.

AMA Style

Robert Smolenski, Grzegorz Benysek, Mariusz Malinowski, Marcin Sedlak, Sebastian Stynski, Marek Jasinski. Ship-to-Shore Versus Shore-to-Ship Synchronization Strategy. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion. 2018; 33 (4):1787-1796.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Mariusz Malinowski; Marcin Sedlak; Sebastian Stynski; Marek Jasinski. 2018. "Ship-to-Shore Versus Shore-to-Ship Synchronization Strategy." IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion 33, no. 4: 1787-1796.

Conference paper
Published: 01 November 2017 in 2017 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI)
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Nowadays, in the age of wide implementation of renewable energy sources, there is a real need for cost-effective ancillary services provided by distributed energy resources (DER). This paper introduces the results of comparative analysis of two alternative solutions capable for grid supporting in energy management as well as in voltage and frequency control. The properties of distributed energy storage (DES) and decentralized active demand response system (DADR) have been analyzed and compared in case of demand side management (DSM) in selected local balancing area (LBA). The technical and economic factors of DSM services have been defined and compared for both solutions taking into account different implementation and investment strategies.

ACS Style

Marcin Jarnut; Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski. A comparative study on DSM services employing distributed energy resources: Energy storage and direct load control. 2017 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI) 2017, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Marcin Jarnut, Robert Smolenski, Grzegorz Benysek, Jacek Bojarski. A comparative study on DSM services employing distributed energy resources: Energy storage and direct load control. 2017 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI). 2017; ():1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Jarnut; Robert Smolenski; Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski. 2017. "A comparative study on DSM services employing distributed energy resources: Energy storage and direct load control." 2017 6th International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics (ICEEI) , no. : 1-5.

Conference paper
Published: 01 October 2017 in IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society
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The concept of decentralized demand response systems is not new, however descriptions of such systems are usually limited to general ideas and possible system services. In this paper the original modified stochastic Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) control algorithm has been presented. Fulfillment of the theoretically assumed properties has been numerically tested in a specially elaborated simulation arrangement based on a well-known model of the power system. Applicability of the proposed control algorithm has been initially tested using a specially developed prototype.

ACS Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski. Modified stochastic algorithm for decentralized active demand response (DADR) system supporting primary load frequency control. IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society 2017, 7445 -7450.

AMA Style

Grzegorz Benysek, Robert Smolenski, Marcin Jarnut, Jacek Bojarski. Modified stochastic algorithm for decentralized active demand response (DADR) system supporting primary load frequency control. IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. 2017; ():7445-7450.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski. 2017. "Modified stochastic algorithm for decentralized active demand response (DADR) system supporting primary load frequency control." IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society , no. : 7445-7450.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2016 in Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences
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The assurance of the electromagnetic compatibility of sensitive smart metering systems and power electronic converters, which introduce high-level electromagnetic interference is important factor conditioning reliable operation of up to date power systems. Presented experimental results have shown that currently binding, frequency domain tests are ineffective for the evaluation of data transmission error hazards. The proposed in this paper mathematical, time-domain model, based on Diophantine equation, enables evaluation of data transmission errors caused by interference introduced by DC-DC power electronic interfaces with deterministic modulation. In the paper there have been presented possible application areas for the proposed model.

ACS Style

J. Bojarski; R. Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Z. Sadowski. Diophantine equation based model of data transmission errors caused by interference generated by DC-DC converters with deterministic modulation. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 2016, 64, 575 -580.

AMA Style

J. Bojarski, R. Smolenski, Piotr Lezynski, Z. Sadowski. Diophantine equation based model of data transmission errors caused by interference generated by DC-DC converters with deterministic modulation. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences. 2016; 64 (3):575-580.

Chicago/Turabian Style

J. Bojarski; R. Smolenski; Piotr Lezynski; Z. Sadowski. 2016. "Diophantine equation based model of data transmission errors caused by interference generated by DC-DC converters with deterministic modulation." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 64, no. 3: 575-580.

Conference paper
Published: 18 August 2016 in 2016 10th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG)
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In the paper the novel approach to application of the power electronic converters used as a part of shore-to-ship supply arrangement has been presented. Simulation results have confirmed possibility of using control of shore-side converter of shore-to-ship system for synchronizing with ship's voltage and load transferring by parallel work instead of using short blackout or synchronization of ship to the established voltage supplied by means of the converter. It has been shown that such approach might significantly improve dynamic of the synchronization as well as parameters of load transferring process under distorted ship voltage conditions.

ACS Style

Marcin Sedlak; Sebastian Stynski; Mariusz Malinowski; Marek T. Jasinski; Grzegorz Benysek; Robert Smolenski. Stress free shore to ship (S2SP) electrical power networks synchronization. 2016 10th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) 2016, 244 -249.

AMA Style

Marcin Sedlak, Sebastian Stynski, Mariusz Malinowski, Marek T. Jasinski, Grzegorz Benysek, Robert Smolenski. Stress free shore to ship (S2SP) electrical power networks synchronization. 2016 10th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG). 2016; ():244-249.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marcin Sedlak; Sebastian Stynski; Mariusz Malinowski; Marek T. Jasinski; Grzegorz Benysek; Robert Smolenski. 2016. "Stress free shore to ship (S2SP) electrical power networks synchronization." 2016 10th International Conference on Compatibility, Power Electronics and Power Engineering (CPE-POWERENG) , no. : 244-249.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2016 in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
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The basic idea of decentralized demand response systems is not new, however, material presented in the subject matter literature is usually limited to general ideas and possible system services. In this paper, the original stochastic decentralized active demand response (DADR) system is presented in the form of an application-ready control algorithm. The results of simulation investigations have confirmed that the proposed stochastic DADR solution, because of its high dynamic response in dealing with disturbance phenomena, might be used as part of both the primary and the secondary load frequency control in electrical power systems. The applicability of the proposed algorithm for control of refrigerators has been numerically tested for various system parameters. Fulfillment of all assumed DADR system requirements concerning high dynamic, “soft” operation, fair share in service as well as minimization of degradation in comfort of use of DADR controlled devices have been confirmed in numerical evaluations.

ACS Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski; Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Szymon Werminski. Application of Stochastic Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System for Load Frequency Control. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 2016, 9, 1055 -1062.

AMA Style

Grzegorz Benysek, Jacek Bojarski, Robert Smolenski, Marcin Jarnut, Szymon Werminski. Application of Stochastic Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System for Load Frequency Control. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid. 2016; 9 (2):1055-1062.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski; Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Szymon Werminski. 2016. "Application of Stochastic Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) System for Load Frequency Control." IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid 9, no. 2: 1055-1062.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2016 in Electric Power Systems Research
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The concepts of decentralized demand response systems are present in the state of the art literature, however, the material is limited to general ideas and possible system services. In this paper the original and application ready proposition of Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) system realization is presented in the form of a stochastic control algorithm. Such an approach to the system description enables simulation investigations of the DADR system as an element of dynamic stability improvement of an electrical energy distribution network. The results obtained from simulations have confirmed that the proposed DADR solution, because of its high dynamic response in dealing with disturbance phenomena, might be used as part of both primary and secondary Load Frequency Control in electrical power systems.

ACS Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski; Marcin Jarnut; Robert Smolenski. Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) system for improvement of frequency stability in distribution network. Electric Power Systems Research 2016, 134, 80 -87.

AMA Style

Grzegorz Benysek, Jacek Bojarski, Marcin Jarnut, Robert Smolenski. Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) system for improvement of frequency stability in distribution network. Electric Power Systems Research. 2016; 134 ():80-87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Grzegorz Benysek; Jacek Bojarski; Marcin Jarnut; Robert Smolenski. 2016. "Decentralized Active Demand Response (DADR) system for improvement of frequency stability in distribution network." Electric Power Systems Research 134, no. : 80-87.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2015 in IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine
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Pulse-width modulated rectifiers are nowadays commonly used for AC to DC power conversion. PWM rectification technology is very effective and allows for bidirectional power flow with the possibility of power factor improvement and low-order harmonic emission limitation. Unfortunately, employed PWM boost topology results with generation of input current harmonic distortions in a frequency range tightly correlated to modulation frequency. PWM carrier frequency and its harmonic components in typical applications are usually located in frequency range from single kHz up to hundreds of kHz. Increase of harmonic emission in this particular frequency range can be disturbing for other sensitive systems, therefore can cause lack of electromagnetic compatibility. Interferences in low frequency range are increasingly frequent EMC issue because of extensive use of low power PWM rectifiers and significant increase of rated power of individual converters, which already reach several MW. Presented comparison of current harmonic emission spectra of PWM rectifiers with relation to classic diode rectifiers is focused on frequency range of 2 to 9 kHz, for which emission limitation rules are currently under development. New class of EMC problems arising in low frequency range in power system are underlined as a result of increased harmonic emission in frequency range of 2 to 9 kHz.

ACS Style

Jaroslaw Luszcz; Robert Smolenski. Low Frequency Conducted Emissions of Grid Connected Static Converters. IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 2015, 4, 86 -94.

AMA Style

Jaroslaw Luszcz, Robert Smolenski. Low Frequency Conducted Emissions of Grid Connected Static Converters. IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine. 2015; 4 (1):86-94.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jaroslaw Luszcz; Robert Smolenski. 2015. "Low Frequency Conducted Emissions of Grid Connected Static Converters." IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 4, no. 1: 86-94.

Journal article
Published: 30 April 2015 in IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine
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The experimental results presented in the paper have shown that the application of the PEIs might cause EMC related problems, especially in the case of the application of a group of connected converters. The most convenient way to reduce EMI currents and prevent aggregation of EMI currents introduced by a group of converters is through passive compensation of voltage interference sources inside of the single converters. In the paper the concept of the passive compensation of CM voltage at the output of converters has been verified in an experimental arrangement. The obtained experimental results confirm that the compensation of the CM voltage brings about significant attenuation of the CM currents in load circuits. The presented compensator can be integrated with single DC-DC converters as well as applied at the output of a group of the connected converters.

ACS Style

R. Smoleński; J. Bojarski; P. Lezynski; A. Kempski; J. Luszcz. CM Voltage Compensators for Power Electronic Interfaces. IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 2015, 4, 96 -100.

AMA Style

R. Smoleński, J. Bojarski, P. Lezynski, A. Kempski, J. Luszcz. CM Voltage Compensators for Power Electronic Interfaces. IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine. 2015; 4 (1):96-100.

Chicago/Turabian Style

R. Smoleński; J. Bojarski; P. Lezynski; A. Kempski; J. Luszcz. 2015. "CM Voltage Compensators for Power Electronic Interfaces." IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine 4, no. 1: 96-100.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2014 in 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)
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Presented in this paper are the results of research connected with common mode (CM) interference generated by parallel-connected AC-DC power electronic interfaces (PEIs), that are increasingly being used, e.g., in the fast charging infrastructure for electric vehicles or in PV systems. Thanks to parallel connection of lower power AC-DC converters high power capability and modularity would be obtained. Designer can focus only on parameters optimization for one Power Electronic Building Block (PEBB) and predict the necessary features for parallel operation. It is relatively well known that the use of interleaved AC-DC converters aids the reduction of generated Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). However, the aim of this paper is to present a novel approach in the development of a passive CM voltage compensator, dedicated to systems consisting of AC-DC interleaved converters. The presented analyses have shown that the interleaved modulation used for DC-link voltage ripple reduction brings about additional benefits in the context of passive CM voltage compensation. In the presented case CM voltage compensators for individual converters have been replaced by only one, smaller and cheaper CM compensator for all of the parallel-connected interleaved converters.

ACS Style

Robert Smolenski; Marek T. Jasinski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski; Carlo Cecati. Compensation of CM voltage in systems consisting of interleaved AC-DC converters. 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) 2014, 1996 -2001.

AMA Style

Robert Smolenski, Marek T. Jasinski, Marcin Jarnut, Jacek Bojarski, Carlo Cecati. Compensation of CM voltage in systems consisting of interleaved AC-DC converters. 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). 2014; ():1996-2001.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Smolenski; Marek T. Jasinski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski; Carlo Cecati. 2014. "Compensation of CM voltage in systems consisting of interleaved AC-DC converters." 2014 IEEE 23rd International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE) , no. : 1996-2001.

Proceedings article
Published: 01 June 2014 in 2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion
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In the paper a new control method for the five-level cascaded inverter is presented. The proposed control method allows full regulation of energy collection from a particular DC voltage source. Application of the cascaded inverter with the proposed control brings many benefits to the DC/AC energy conversion with several DC sources. These benefits are: reduction of the emission of electromagnetic disturbances, an increase in the efficiency and power quality at the output of the inverter.

ACS Style

Piotr Lezynski; Adam Kempski; Robert Smolenski. A new control method of energy conversion for the cascaded voltage source inverter. 2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion 2014, 764 -768.

AMA Style

Piotr Lezynski, Adam Kempski, Robert Smolenski. A new control method of energy conversion for the cascaded voltage source inverter. 2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion. 2014; ():764-768.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piotr Lezynski; Adam Kempski; Robert Smolenski. 2014. "A new control method of energy conversion for the cascaded voltage source inverter." 2014 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion , no. : 764-768.

Conference paper
Published: 01 June 2013 in 2013 International Conference-Workshop Compatibility And Power Electronics
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DC/DC converters provide important services, however pulse mode operation introduces high frequency currents to the system that might cause electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) related problems. Moreover, as is shown in the paper, connection of the DC/DC converters can bring about aggregation of the resulting electromagnetic interference (EMI) currents. The main goal of the paper is to present a novel method to enable compensation of the voltage source of interference, reducing amplitude of EMI current and preventing aggregation of EMI currents produced by a group of converters.

ACS Style

Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski; Andrei Blinov; Dmitri Vinnikov. CM voltage compensator for DC/DC converters. 2013 International Conference-Workshop Compatibility And Power Electronics 2013, 264 -268.

AMA Style

Robert Smolenski, Marcin Jarnut, Jacek Bojarski, Andrei Blinov, Dmitri Vinnikov. CM voltage compensator for DC/DC converters. 2013 International Conference-Workshop Compatibility And Power Electronics. 2013; ():264-268.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Smolenski; Marcin Jarnut; Jacek Bojarski; Andrei Blinov; Dmitri Vinnikov. 2013. "CM voltage compensator for DC/DC converters." 2013 International Conference-Workshop Compatibility And Power Electronics , no. : 264-268.