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For the composting process to begin and proceed regularly, the mixture to be composted must have some well-defined chemical-physical characteristics. For this reason, the software tools often called compost mix calculators are very useful to predict the characteristics that the mixture will have, knowing those of the raw materials that will make it up, and consequently the potential characteristics of the compost obtainable. The objective of this study was the definition of a new calculation model and its implementation in a new software tool, called Compost-recipe1, with characteristics of both scientific rigour and ease of use, substantially improving the panorama of these tools. The new calculation model takes into consideration the most important parameters normally used and rather simple to measure: C:N ratio, moisture, pH, Bulk density; to these parameters it adds the possibility of considering the ratio between available carbon and total nitrogen, since it has been seen that it is of fundamental importance to consider the actual availability of carbon, so that composting proceeds quickly and the right process temperatures are reached. Also, the calculation model takes into account the procurement cost of raw materials, which are often of such importance that they deeply influence the decision on the type of mixture to be processed. Through some applicative examples, carried out with literature data, it has been verified the correctness of the implemented mathematical model, which uses a linear programming algorithm, and the effectiveness of the new software tool, that has been able to reproduce the analytical results obtained in the considered literature. The use of the new tool has also allowed us to highlight and discuss some particular trends or failures in composting processes reported in the application examples.
Roberto Calisti; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti. Compost-recipe: A new calculation model and a novel software tool to make the composting mixture. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020, 270, 122427 .
AMA StyleRoberto Calisti, Luca Regni, Primo Proietti. Compost-recipe: A new calculation model and a novel software tool to make the composting mixture. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2020; 270 ():122427.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Calisti; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti. 2020. "Compost-recipe: A new calculation model and a novel software tool to make the composting mixture." Journal of Cleaner Production 270, no. : 122427.
Life Cycle Assessment (the systematic analysis of the environmental impact of products during their entire life cycle), Carbon Footprint and Water Footprint assessments play an important role in decision-making processes. These assessments can help guide land management decisions and will likely play a larger role in the future, especially in natural areas with high biodiversity. Agriculture is a substantial consumer of fresh water, so it is important to identify causes and possible solutions to optimize agricultural water use. Water footprint assessments consider water consumption from several points of view and aid in reaching Sustainable Development Goals. Olive trees are a widespread agricultural crop growing in the Mediterranean Basin and are particularly important in the Umbria region in Italy. This paper estimates the water footprint impact related to the production of 1 kg of olives in a rainfed olive orchard managed using low environmental impact techniques. Eleven years of data collection (meteorological data, olives yield data, processes data) are analyzed for typical rural conditions. The results show that local management techniques have lower water requirements than standard international usages. These results can be used to improve and to further explore agricultural water use.
Luca Rossi; Luca Regni; Sara Rinaldi; Paolo Sdringola; Roberto Calisti; Antonio Brunori; Francesca Dini; Primo Proietti. Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy. Agriculture 2019, 10, 8 .
AMA StyleLuca Rossi, Luca Regni, Sara Rinaldi, Paolo Sdringola, Roberto Calisti, Antonio Brunori, Francesca Dini, Primo Proietti. Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy. Agriculture. 2019; 10 (1):8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Rossi; Luca Regni; Sara Rinaldi; Paolo Sdringola; Roberto Calisti; Antonio Brunori; Francesca Dini; Primo Proietti. 2019. "Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy." Agriculture 10, no. 1: 8.
Roberto Calisti; Primo Proietti; Andrea Marchini. Promoting Sustainable Food Consumption: An Agent-Based Model About Outcomes of Small Shop Openings. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 2019, 22, 1 .
AMA StyleRoberto Calisti, Primo Proietti, Andrea Marchini. Promoting Sustainable Food Consumption: An Agent-Based Model About Outcomes of Small Shop Openings. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation. 2019; 22 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto Calisti; Primo Proietti; Andrea Marchini. 2019. "Promoting Sustainable Food Consumption: An Agent-Based Model About Outcomes of Small Shop Openings." Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation 22, no. 1: 1.
Primo Proietti; Roberto Calisti; Giovanni Gigliotti; Luigi Nasini; Luca Regni; Andrea Marchini. Composting optimization: Integrating cost analysis with the physical-chemical properties of materials to be composted. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 137, 1086 -1099.
AMA StylePrimo Proietti, Roberto Calisti, Giovanni Gigliotti, Luigi Nasini, Luca Regni, Andrea Marchini. Composting optimization: Integrating cost analysis with the physical-chemical properties of materials to be composted. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 137 ():1086-1099.
Chicago/Turabian StylePrimo Proietti; Roberto Calisti; Giovanni Gigliotti; Luigi Nasini; Luca Regni; Andrea Marchini. 2016. "Composting optimization: Integrating cost analysis with the physical-chemical properties of materials to be composted." Journal of Cleaner Production 137, no. : 1086-1099.