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Selenium is an essential micronutrient that provides important benefits to plants and humans. At proper concentrations, selenium increases plant growth, pollen vitality, the shelf life of fresh products, and seems to improve stress resistance; these effects can certainly be attributed to its direct and indirect antioxidant capacity. For these reasons, in the present work, the effects of selenium at different dosages on in vitro cultivated olive explants were investigated to observe possible positive effects (in terms of growth and vigor) on the proliferation phase. The work was carried out on four different olive cultivars: “San Felice”, “Canino”, “Frantoio”, and “Moraiolo”. The explants were cultured in aseptic conditions on olive medium (OM), with the addition of 4 mg·L−1 of zeatin, 30 g·L−1 of sucrose, and 7 g·L−1 of agar. The experimental scheme included a comparison between explants grown with five different concentrations of Na2SeO4 (0, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg L−1) added to the medium during three successive subcultures. Interesting information has emerged from the results and all varieties responded to different concentrations of Selenium. The optimal Se dosages varied for each cultivar, but in general, Se concentration between 10 and 40 mg L−1 increased fresh and dry weight of the explants and shoot lengths. Se treatment induced in all cultivars and for all dosages used an increase in total Se content in proliferated explants. Furthermore, as the subcultures proceeded, the ability of the explants to absorb Se did not diminish. The Se content ranged from 8.55 to 114.21 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Frantoio’, from 9.83 to 94.85 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Moraiolo’, from 19.84 to 114.21 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘Canino’, and from 20.97 to 95.54 µg kg−1 plant DW in ‘San Felice’. In general, the effect of selenium tends to decrease with the progress of subcultures and this suggests a sort of “adaptation” effect of the explants to its presence. The present study highlights for the first time the possibility of using in vitro cultures as biotechnological support to study supplementation with selenium and its effects on in vitro olive plant growth.
Luca Regni; Maurizio Micheli; Alberto Del Pino; Carlo Palmerini; Roberto D’Amato; Simona Facchin; Franco Famiani; Alessandro Peruzzi; Hanene Mairech; Primo Proietti. The First Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Se-Supplementation on In Vitro Cultivated Olive Tree Explants. Plants 2021, 10, 1630 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Maurizio Micheli, Alberto Del Pino, Carlo Palmerini, Roberto D’Amato, Simona Facchin, Franco Famiani, Alessandro Peruzzi, Hanene Mairech, Primo Proietti. The First Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Se-Supplementation on In Vitro Cultivated Olive Tree Explants. Plants. 2021; 10 (8):1630.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Maurizio Micheli; Alberto Del Pino; Carlo Palmerini; Roberto D’Amato; Simona Facchin; Franco Famiani; Alessandro Peruzzi; Hanene Mairech; Primo Proietti. 2021. "The First Evidence of the Beneficial Effects of Se-Supplementation on In Vitro Cultivated Olive Tree Explants." Plants 10, no. 8: 1630.
Olive orchards represent a key agricultural system with high economic and environmental prominence. Expected future climate tendencies over the Mediterranean could threaten the sustainability of such strategic tree crop. This study evaluates the productive and environmental performance of olive orchards under different climate change scenarios and management strategies across the main olive-farming regions over southern Europe using the process-based model OliveCan. Simulations were performed for low density LD (100 trees ha−1), high density HD (400 trees ha−1) and super high density SHD (1650 trees ha−1) olive orchards over baseline period (1980-2010) and future scenarios (2041–2070 and 2071–2100 for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). Results showed that the future increase in CO2 concentration may compensate the negative effects of higher evaporative demand and diminished water supply resulting in an enhancement of water use efficiency and carbon capture potential in olive orchards. Irrigation requirement for the maximum productivity are expected to increase by 5−27%. Moreover, rainfed low density orchards will be the most vulnerable to expected climate changes, in particular in the driest areas. In fact, a decrease in yield up to 28 % with an increase in its interannual variability of 20 % is expected over the Iberian Peninsula while yield increased up to 26 % over the centre of the Mediterranean. Deficit irrigation and intensification will improve olive orchard productivity and carbon sequestration capacity. Besides, the decrease in winter chilling is not expected to be enough to produce significant flowering anomalies or failures over the study area. Even though findings of this research showed that olive orchards may benefit from future conditions, assessment of management alternatives at local scale will be a must for a better adaptability of olive orchards.
Hanene Mairech; Álvaro López-Bernal; Marco Moriondo; Camilla Dibari; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Francisco J. Villalobos; Luca Testi. Sustainability of olive growing in the Mediterranean area under future climate scenarios: Exploring the effects of intensification and deficit irrigation. European Journal of Agronomy 2021, 129, 126319 .
AMA StyleHanene Mairech, Álvaro López-Bernal, Marco Moriondo, Camilla Dibari, Luca Regni, Primo Proietti, Francisco J. Villalobos, Luca Testi. Sustainability of olive growing in the Mediterranean area under future climate scenarios: Exploring the effects of intensification and deficit irrigation. European Journal of Agronomy. 2021; 129 ():126319.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanene Mairech; Álvaro López-Bernal; Marco Moriondo; Camilla Dibari; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Francisco J. Villalobos; Luca Testi. 2021. "Sustainability of olive growing in the Mediterranean area under future climate scenarios: Exploring the effects of intensification and deficit irrigation." European Journal of Agronomy 129, no. : 126319.
Luca Regni; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Daniela Businelli; Roberto D'Amato; Hanene Mairech; Fabio Marmottini; Maurizio Micheli; Pablo H. Pacheco; Primo Proietti. Corrigendum to Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions Scientia Horticulturae 278 (2021) 109866. Scientia Horticulturae 2021, 288, 110323 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Carlo Alberto Palmerini, Alberto Marco Del Pino, Daniela Businelli, Roberto D'Amato, Hanene Mairech, Fabio Marmottini, Maurizio Micheli, Pablo H. Pacheco, Primo Proietti. Corrigendum to Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions Scientia Horticulturae 278 (2021) 109866. Scientia Horticulturae. 2021; 288 ():110323.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Daniela Businelli; Roberto D'Amato; Hanene Mairech; Fabio Marmottini; Maurizio Micheli; Pablo H. Pacheco; Primo Proietti. 2021. "Corrigendum to Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions Scientia Horticulturae 278 (2021) 109866." Scientia Horticulturae 288, no. : 110323.
The objective of fully mechanizing olive harvesting has been pursued since the 1970s to cope with labor shortages and increasing production costs. Only in the last twenty years, after adopting super-intensive planting systems and developing appropriate straddle machines, a solution seems to have been found. The spread of super-intensive plantings, however, raises serious environmental and social concerns, mainly because of the small number of cultivars that are currently used (basically 2), compared to over 100 cultivars today cultivated on a large scale across the world. Olive growing, indeed, insists on over 11 million hectares. Despite its being located mostly in the Mediterranean countries, the numerous olive growing districts are characterized by deep differences in climate and soil and in the frequency and nature of environmental stress. To date, the olive has coped with biotic and abiotic stress thanks to the great cultivar diversity. Pending that new technologies supporting plant breeding will provide a wider number of cultivars suitable for super-intensive systems, in the short term, new growing models must be developed. New olive orchards will need to exploit cultivars currently present in various olive-growing areas and favor increasing productions that are environmentally, socially, and economically sustainable. As in fruit growing, we should focus on “pedestrian olive orchards”, based on trees with small canopies and whose top can be easily reached by people from the ground and by machines (from the side of the top) that can carry out, in a targeted way, pesticide treatments, pruning and harvesting.
Riccardo Lo Bianco; Primo Proietti; Luca Regni; Tiziano Caruso. Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses. Agriculture 2021, 11, 494 .
AMA StyleRiccardo Lo Bianco, Primo Proietti, Luca Regni, Tiziano Caruso. Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses. Agriculture. 2021; 11 (6):494.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRiccardo Lo Bianco; Primo Proietti; Luca Regni; Tiziano Caruso. 2021. "Planting Systems for Modern Olive Growing: Strengths and Weaknesses." Agriculture 11, no. 6: 494.
Water pollution by excessive amounts of nitrate (NO3 −) has become a global issue. Technologies to clean up nitrate-contaminated water bodies include phytoremediation. In this context, this research aimed to evaluate four tree species (Salix alba L., Populus alba L., Corylus avellana L. and Sambucus nigra L.) to remediate nitrate-contaminated waters (100 and 300 mg L−1). Some physiological parameters showed that S. alba L. and P. alba L. increased particularly photosynthetic activity, chlorophyll content, dry weight, and transpired water, following the treatments with the above NO3 − concentrations. Furthermore, these species were more efficient than the others studied in the phytodepuration of water contaminated by the two NO3 − levels. In particular, within 15 days of treatment, S. alba L. and P. alba L. removed nitrate quantities ranging from 39 to 78%. Differently, C. avellana L. and S. nigra L. did not show particular responses regarding the physiological traits studied. Nonetheless, these species removed up to 30% of nitrate from water. In conclusion, these data provide exciting indications on the chance of using S. alba L. and P. alba L. to populate buffer strips to avoid NO3 − environmental dispersion in agricultural areas.
Luca Regni; Maria Bartucca; Euro Pannacci; Francesco Tei; Daniele Del Buono; Primo Proietti. Phytodepuration of Nitrate Contaminated Water Using Four Different Tree Species. Plants 2021, 10, 515 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Maria Bartucca, Euro Pannacci, Francesco Tei, Daniele Del Buono, Primo Proietti. Phytodepuration of Nitrate Contaminated Water Using Four Different Tree Species. Plants. 2021; 10 (3):515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Maria Bartucca; Euro Pannacci; Francesco Tei; Daniele Del Buono; Primo Proietti. 2021. "Phytodepuration of Nitrate Contaminated Water Using Four Different Tree Species." Plants 10, no. 3: 515.
Salinity is one of the most impacting abiotic stresses regarding crop productivity and quality. Among the strategies that are attracting attention in the protection of crops from abiotic stresses, there is the use of plant biostimulants. In this study, Megafol (Meg), a commercial plant biostimulant, was tested on olive plants subjected to severe saline stress. Plants treated with salt alone showed substantial reductions in biomass production, leaf net photosynthesis (Pn), leaf transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and relative water content (RWC). In addition, samples stressed with NaCl showed a higher sodium (Na+) content in the leaves, while those stressed with NaCl and biostimulated with Meg increased the potassium (K+) content in the leaves, thus showing a higher K+/Na+ ratio. Salinity caused the accumulation of significant quantities of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) due to decreases in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, namely superoxide dismutase (SOD – EC 1.15.1.1), ascorbate peroxidase (APX – EC 1.11.1.11), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX – EC 1.11.1.9), and catalase (CAT – EC 1.11.1.6). When olive plants under saline stress were biostimulated with Meg, the plants recovered and showed physiological and biochemical traits much improved than salt stressed samples. Finally, Meg exhibited Ca2+-chelating activity in olive pollen grains, which allowed the biostimulant to exert this beneficial effect also by antagonizing the undesirable effects of hydrogen peroxide on Ca2+ metabolism.
Daniele Del Buono; Luca Regni; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Maria Luce Bartucca; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Primo Proietti. Effects of Megafol on the Olive Cultivar ‘Arbequina’ Grown Under Severe Saline Stress in Terms of Physiological Traits, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Defenses, and Cytosolic Ca2+. Frontiers in Plant Science 2021, 11, 1 .
AMA StyleDaniele Del Buono, Luca Regni, Alberto Marco Del Pino, Maria Luce Bartucca, Carlo Alberto Palmerini, Primo Proietti. Effects of Megafol on the Olive Cultivar ‘Arbequina’ Grown Under Severe Saline Stress in Terms of Physiological Traits, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Defenses, and Cytosolic Ca2+. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2021; 11 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDaniele Del Buono; Luca Regni; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Maria Luce Bartucca; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Primo Proietti. 2021. "Effects of Megafol on the Olive Cultivar ‘Arbequina’ Grown Under Severe Saline Stress in Terms of Physiological Traits, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Defenses, and Cytosolic Ca2+." Frontiers in Plant Science 11, no. : 1.
This study was conducted in order to determine the effects of exogenous selenium (Se) supply (10 and 30 mg L−1 Na2SeO4) on the resistance to salt stress (NaCl 200 mM) of olive (Olea europaea L.) cv. Arbequina grown in hydroponic culture. Vegetative indices were monitored: plant growth, photosynthesis, leaf gas exchange and relative water and chlorophyll content. The bio-molecular parameters relative to proline, total Se in the leaves, and the quantity of proline, SeO42- and Ca2+ released by the roots were also monitored. The present study describes for the first time the monitoring of proline, Se and Ca2+ released from the roots and their content in leaves after treatment with selenate in olive trees grown in hydroponic culture and subjected or not to salt stress. The results showed that NaCl partially reduced the absorption of selenate in the Arbequina cultivar. Despite this, treatment with Na-selenate in salt stressed plants stabilized the levels of proline in the leaves and reduced the loss of this osmolyte from the roots. Selenate also promoted the release of Ca2+ from the roots, thus contributing to the restoration of ionic homeostasis. The positive effects of Se on the monitored bio-molecules were also confirmed by the improvement of vegetative indices dramatically altered bystrong salt stress. Indeed, treatment with selenate helped to reduce the amount of toxic effects on leaf gas exchange, improving photosynthesis, and mitigated the reduction of leaf dry weight and relative water content of the leaves.
Luca Regni; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Daniela Businelli; Roberto D’Amato; Hanene Mairech; Fabio Marmottini; Maurizio Micheli; Pablo H. Pacheco; Primo Proietti. Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions. Scientia Horticulturae 2020, 278, 109866 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Carlo Alberto Palmerini, Alberto Marco Del Pino, Daniela Businelli, Roberto D’Amato, Hanene Mairech, Fabio Marmottini, Maurizio Micheli, Pablo H. Pacheco, Primo Proietti. Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions. Scientia Horticulturae. 2020; 278 ():109866.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Daniela Businelli; Roberto D’Amato; Hanene Mairech; Fabio Marmottini; Maurizio Micheli; Pablo H. Pacheco; Primo Proietti. 2020. "Effects of selenium supplementation on olive under salt stress conditions." Scientia Horticulturae 278, no. : 109866.
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) were introduced for the extraction of free seleno-amino acids from lyophilized and powdered milk samples. Different NADES were evaluated, and lactic acid:glucose (LGH) showed the highest selenium recoveries. Selenium analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP MS). Se-NADES analysis in ICP MS was optimized according to the radio frequency power and nebulization gas flow rate. Se-NADES extraction was optimized by an experimental design. LGH dilution, LGH volume, sample quantity, and ultrasound time were factors influencing the extraction. Seleno-amino acids were determined by liquid chromatography-ICP MS. After optimization, the limits of detection obtained were 7.37, 8.63, and 9.64 µg kg-1 for selenocysteine, selenomethionine, and seleno-methyl-selenocysteine, respectively. The NADES-extraction is a green procedure with 2 penalty points in the EcoScale. The method was applied to the analysis of powdered milk, lyophilized Se-fortified sheep milk, and ERM-BD151 skimmed milk powder.
Romina López; Roberto D'amato; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Luca Regni; Primo Proetti; Ariel Maratta; Soledad Cerutti; Pablo Pacheco. Green and simple extraction of free seleno-amino acids from powdered and lyophilized milk samples with natural deep eutectic solvents. Food Chemistry 2020, 326, 126965 .
AMA StyleRomina López, Roberto D'amato, Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci, Luca Regni, Primo Proetti, Ariel Maratta, Soledad Cerutti, Pablo Pacheco. Green and simple extraction of free seleno-amino acids from powdered and lyophilized milk samples with natural deep eutectic solvents. Food Chemistry. 2020; 326 ():126965.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRomina López; Roberto D'amato; Massimo Trabalza-Marinucci; Luca Regni; Primo Proetti; Ariel Maratta; Soledad Cerutti; Pablo Pacheco. 2020. "Green and simple extraction of free seleno-amino acids from powdered and lyophilized milk samples with natural deep eutectic solvents." Food Chemistry 326, no. : 126965.
Olive (Olea europaea L.) is a widely spread tree species in the Mediterranean. In the last decades, olive farming has known major management changes with high economic and environmental impacts. The fast track expansion of this modern olive farming in these recent years casts doubts on the sustainability of such important tree plantation across the Mediterranean. In this work, we performed a spatial modelling analysis to investigate the implications of climate variability and farming management on the productivity and environmental performances of olive orchards around the Mediterranean. Implementation of this research is based on the use of OliveCan; a process-based model able to illustrate responses of water and carbon balances to weather variables, soil characteristics and management techniques enabling the comprehension of olive orchard dynamics under heterogeneous conditions of climate and agricultural practices. Four main intensification levels were adopted to reflect the main olive grove types from traditional to new intensive plantations: low density LD (100 trees ha−1), medium density MD (200 trees ha−1), high density HD (400 trees ha−1) and super high density SHD (1650 trees ha−1). Managements tested were intensification, water supply (rainfed, deficit and full irrigated) and the fate of pruning residues (exported or left on the soil). Two cases studies in two of the main Mediterranean olive-growing regions with contrasting environmental conditions, Tuscany and Jaen regions, focused on mitigation alternative managements for carbon sequestration. Results showed that olive orchards responses in terms of yield and Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP) vary along with climatic conditions. Water supply was the main driver with a production function that varies for different atmospheric demands. Application of deficit irrigation proved to boost water use efficiency. Besides, intensification from LD to SHD, presented the greatest improvements, 28–73% for yield and 50–100% for NEP. The C sequestration potential of olive orchards was confirmed. In fact, soil organic carbon (SOC) increased continuously over 400 years of simulation, reaching a state of equilibrium. Moreover, intensification and irrigation improved total carbon sequestration. Management of incorporating pruning residues in the soil increased SOC of 10.5 t C ha−1 for Tuscany and 10.8 t C ha−1 for Jaen. Findings of this research enabled the identification of the main drivers influencing the productive and environmental performance of olive groves in the different Mediterranean sub-climates. Impacts of management innovations on olive farming sustainability were also quantified which may help improve production systems for a more sustainable olive cultivation.
Hanene Mairech; Álvaro López-Bernal; Marco Moriondo; Camilla Dibari; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Francisco J. Villalobos; Luca Testi. Is new olive farming sustainable? A spatial comparison of productive and environmental performances between traditional and new olive orchards with the model OliveCan. Agricultural Systems 2020, 181, 102816 .
AMA StyleHanene Mairech, Álvaro López-Bernal, Marco Moriondo, Camilla Dibari, Luca Regni, Primo Proietti, Francisco J. Villalobos, Luca Testi. Is new olive farming sustainable? A spatial comparison of productive and environmental performances between traditional and new olive orchards with the model OliveCan. Agricultural Systems. 2020; 181 ():102816.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHanene Mairech; Álvaro López-Bernal; Marco Moriondo; Camilla Dibari; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Francisco J. Villalobos; Luca Testi. 2020. "Is new olive farming sustainable? A spatial comparison of productive and environmental performances between traditional and new olive orchards with the model OliveCan." Agricultural Systems 181, no. : 102816.
This study investigated the effect of a dietary combination of selenium and olive leaves on rabbit health status in order to evaluate the potential use of these combinations as functional ingredients in feed and food. Sixty weaning rabbits were fed with three diets: control feed (C), control feed + 10% normal olive leaves (OL), or olive leaves enriched in Se (2.17 mg Se/kg d.m.; SeOL). The plasma mineral profile, antioxidant status, and leukocyte DNA damage were determined. Inorganic Se was the most abundant form in the OL diet, while the organic one was higher in SeOL than C and OL. A similar trend was found in the plasma. Protein oxidation showed higher values in both supplemented groups; in addition, dietary Se led to a significant improvement (+40%) in ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). A marked reduction in DNA damage (9-fold) was observed in the SeOL group compared to C. The combination of selenium and olive leaves in the diet of growing rabbits increased plasma SeMet and FRAP and reduced leukocyte DNA damage.
Simona Mattioli; Patrizia Rosignoli; Roberto D'amato; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Luca Regni; Cesare Castellini; Primo Proietti; Antonia Concetta Elia; Roberto Fabiani; Gian Maria Beone; Daniela Businelli; Alessandro Dal Bosco. Effect of Feed Supplemented with Selenium-Enriched Olive Leaves on Plasma Oxidative Status, Mineral Profile, and Leukocyte DNA Damage in Growing Rabbits. Animals 2020, 10, 274 .
AMA StyleSimona Mattioli, Patrizia Rosignoli, Roberto D'amato, Maria Chiara Fontanella, Luca Regni, Cesare Castellini, Primo Proietti, Antonia Concetta Elia, Roberto Fabiani, Gian Maria Beone, Daniela Businelli, Alessandro Dal Bosco. Effect of Feed Supplemented with Selenium-Enriched Olive Leaves on Plasma Oxidative Status, Mineral Profile, and Leukocyte DNA Damage in Growing Rabbits. Animals. 2020; 10 (2):274.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona Mattioli; Patrizia Rosignoli; Roberto D'amato; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Luca Regni; Cesare Castellini; Primo Proietti; Antonia Concetta Elia; Roberto Fabiani; Gian Maria Beone; Daniela Businelli; Alessandro Dal Bosco. 2020. "Effect of Feed Supplemented with Selenium-Enriched Olive Leaves on Plasma Oxidative Status, Mineral Profile, and Leukocyte DNA Damage in Growing Rabbits." Animals 10, no. 2: 274.
Life Cycle Assessment (the systematic analysis of the environmental impact of products during their entire life cycle), Carbon Footprint and Water Footprint assessments play an important role in decision-making processes. These assessments can help guide land management decisions and will likely play a larger role in the future, especially in natural areas with high biodiversity. Agriculture is a substantial consumer of fresh water, so it is important to identify causes and possible solutions to optimize agricultural water use. Water footprint assessments consider water consumption from several points of view and aid in reaching Sustainable Development Goals. Olive trees are a widespread agricultural crop growing in the Mediterranean Basin and are particularly important in the Umbria region in Italy. This paper estimates the water footprint impact related to the production of 1 kg of olives in a rainfed olive orchard managed using low environmental impact techniques. Eleven years of data collection (meteorological data, olives yield data, processes data) are analyzed for typical rural conditions. The results show that local management techniques have lower water requirements than standard international usages. These results can be used to improve and to further explore agricultural water use.
Luca Rossi; Luca Regni; Sara Rinaldi; Paolo Sdringola; Roberto Calisti; Antonio Brunori; Francesca Dini; Primo Proietti. Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy. Agriculture 2019, 10, 8 .
AMA StyleLuca Rossi, Luca Regni, Sara Rinaldi, Paolo Sdringola, Roberto Calisti, Antonio Brunori, Francesca Dini, Primo Proietti. Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy. Agriculture. 2019; 10 (1):8.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Rossi; Luca Regni; Sara Rinaldi; Paolo Sdringola; Roberto Calisti; Antonio Brunori; Francesca Dini; Primo Proietti. 2019. "Long-Term Water Footprint Assessment in a Rainfed Olive Tree Grove in the Umbria Region, Italy." Agriculture 10, no. 1: 8.
Selenium (Se) shows antioxidant properties that can be exploited in plants to combat abiotic stresses caused by reactive oxygen species produced in excess (ROS). Here, we show that the Se-fertilization of olive trees with sodium selenate effectively protects the pollen from oxidative stress. Pollen isolated from plants treated with Se or from untreated controls was incubated in vitro with H2O2 to produce an oxidative challenge. Given the impact of ROS on Ca2+ homeostasis and Ca2+-dependent signaling, cytosolic Ca2+ was measured to monitor cellular perturbations. We found that H2O2 interrupted Ca2+ homeostasis only in untreated pollen, while in samples treated in vitro with sodium selenate or selenium methionine, Ca2+ homeostasis was preserved. Furthermore, germination rates were considerably better maintained in Se-fertilized pollen compared to non-fertilized pollen (30% vs. 15%, respectively) after exposure to 1 mM H2O2. The same was observed with pollen treated in vitro with Se-methionine, which is the organic form of Se, in which part of the fertigated sodium selenate is converted in the plant. Combined, our results show a close correlation between ROS, Ca2+ homeostasis, and pollen fertility and provide clear evidence that Se-fertilization is a potential approach to preserve or improve agricultural productivity.
Alberto Marco Del Pino; Luca Regni; Roberto D’Amato; Emma Tedeschini; Daniela Businelli; Primo Proietti; Carlo Alberto Palmerini. Selenium-Enriched Pollen Grains of Olea europaea L.: Ca2+ Signaling and Germination Under Oxidative Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleAlberto Marco Del Pino, Luca Regni, Roberto D’Amato, Emma Tedeschini, Daniela Businelli, Primo Proietti, Carlo Alberto Palmerini. Selenium-Enriched Pollen Grains of Olea europaea L.: Ca2+ Signaling and Germination Under Oxidative Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlberto Marco Del Pino; Luca Regni; Roberto D’Amato; Emma Tedeschini; Daniela Businelli; Primo Proietti; Carlo Alberto Palmerini. 2019. "Selenium-Enriched Pollen Grains of Olea europaea L.: Ca2+ Signaling and Germination Under Oxidative Stress." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 1.
The correct management (dose, time of distribution) of N fertilization in olive growing is still not completely clarified but is nowadays essential in order to guarantee sustainable production. In this regard, in central Italy over a 4-year-period a study was carried out to investigate the effect of high nitrogen availability during oil accumulation in the fruit (second phase of fruit growth) on vegetative and productive activities of olive trees and oil quality. In May of each year, secondary branches were selected and girdled in their proximal part. Afterwards, half of the girdled branches were sprayed three times with a solution containing urea (2% w/w), whereas the other half was sprayed only with water. The nitrogen treatments did not cause any damage to the foliage and fruits nor did it cause appreciable changes in leaf photosynthesis and specific weight, fruit-drop, ripening pattern and weight, water and oil contents, pulp/pit ratio of the fruits, fatty acid composition, polyphenols content, and sensorial characteristics of the oil. The N provided via foliar fertilization during the oil accumulation phase in trees in conditions of good supply of N does not induce significant effects on the vegetative-productive activity of the tree.
Luca Regni; Primo Proietti. Effects of Nitrogen Foliar Fertilization on the Vegetative and Productive Performance of the Olive Tree and on Oil Quality. Agriculture 2019, 9, 252 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Primo Proietti. Effects of Nitrogen Foliar Fertilization on the Vegetative and Productive Performance of the Olive Tree and on Oil Quality. Agriculture. 2019; 9 (12):252.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Primo Proietti. 2019. "Effects of Nitrogen Foliar Fertilization on the Vegetative and Productive Performance of the Olive Tree and on Oil Quality." Agriculture 9, no. 12: 252.
Olive is considered as a moderately salt tolerant plant, however, tolerance to salt appears to be cultivar-dependent and genotypic responses have not been extensively investigated. In this work, saline stress was induced in four olive cultivars: Arbequina, Koroneiki, Royal de Cazorla and Fadak 86. The plants were grown in 2.5 l pots containing 60% peat and 40% of pumice mixture for 240 days and were irrigated three times a week with half-strength Hoagland solution containing 0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl. The effects of salt stress on growth, physiological and biochemical parameters were determined after 180, 210, and 240 days of treatment. Saline stress response was evaluated in leaves by measuring the activity of GSH and CAT enzymatic activity, as well as proline levels, gas exchanges, leaves relative water content and chlorophyll content, and proline content. All the studied cultivars showed a decrease in Net Photosynthesis, leaves chlorophyll content and plant growth (mainly leaves dry weight) and an increase in the activity of GSH and CAT. In addition, the reduction of proline content in leaf tissues, induced an alteration of osmotic regulation. Among the studied cultivars Royal and Koroneiki better counteracting the effects of saline stress thanks to a higher activity of two antioxidant enzymes.
Luca Regni; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Soraya Mousavi; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Luciana Baldoni; Roberto Mariotti; Hanene Mairech; Tiziano Gardi; Roberto D'Amato; Primo Proietti. Behavior of Four Olive Cultivars During Salt Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 867 .
AMA StyleLuca Regni, Alberto Marco Del Pino, Soraya Mousavi, Carlo Alberto Palmerini, Luciana Baldoni, Roberto Mariotti, Hanene Mairech, Tiziano Gardi, Roberto D'Amato, Primo Proietti. Behavior of Four Olive Cultivars During Salt Stress. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():867.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLuca Regni; Alberto Marco Del Pino; Soraya Mousavi; Carlo Alberto Palmerini; Luciana Baldoni; Roberto Mariotti; Hanene Mairech; Tiziano Gardi; Roberto D'Amato; Primo Proietti. 2019. "Behavior of Four Olive Cultivars During Salt Stress." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 867.
In olive, the response to environmental conditions, such as light availability, is under genetic control and requires a combination of biochemical and physiological events. We investigated the effect of irradiance in fruit development in two Italian cultivars, Leccino and Frantoio. Morphological and cyto-histological analyses, as well as water and oil content determination, were carried out in fruits exposed to a different light regime (named as light and shade fruits). Results demonstrated that the influence of light availability on fruit development depends on the cultivar. In Leccino, the fresh and the dry weight, the percentage of dry matter, the kernel and fruit diameter, the mesocarp thickness and the mesocarp cell size were higher in the light exposed fruits than in the ones grown in the shade. In Frantoio, differences between light and shade fruits were observed only at 140 DAF (Days After Flowering) and only in the kernel and fruit diameter and in the dry and fresh weight, which were higher in the light exposed fruits. Leccino, therefore, showed a greater sensitivity to the light availability. This may be related to the observed delay in the endocarp lignification as compared to the Frantoio cultivar. In each cultivar, moreover, shade and light fruits did not show differences in the timing of cell differentiation. Finally, the investigation of oil storage carried out in cyto-histological studies demonstrated that differences in oil content between fruit subjected to different light regimes correlated with the number of oil containing cells, rather than the oil content per cell. A different behaviour was observed in the two cultivars: in Leccino, the mesocarp cell size was almost twice of Frantoio, while oil drops were only 30% larger; therefore, the percentage of cell volume occupied by the oil drops was lower in Leccino than in Frantoio. The chemical analysis confirmed this observation.
Lara Reale; Luigi Nasini; Martina Cerri; Luca Regni; Francesco Ferranti; Primo Proietti. The Influence of Light on Olive (Olea europaea L.) Fruit Development Is Cultivar Dependent. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleLara Reale, Luigi Nasini, Martina Cerri, Luca Regni, Francesco Ferranti, Primo Proietti. The Influence of Light on Olive (Olea europaea L.) Fruit Development Is Cultivar Dependent. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLara Reale; Luigi Nasini; Martina Cerri; Luca Regni; Francesco Ferranti; Primo Proietti. 2019. "The Influence of Light on Olive (Olea europaea L.) Fruit Development Is Cultivar Dependent." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 1.
Cultivated olive, a typical fruit crop species of the semi-arid regions, could successfully face the new scenarios driven by the climate change through the selection of tolerant varieties to salt and drought stresses. In the present work, multidisciplinary approaches, including physiological, epigenetic and genetic studies, have been applied to clarify the salt tolerance mechanisms in olive. Four varieties (Koroneiki, Royal de Cazorla, Arbequina and Picual) and a related form (O. europaea subsp. cuspidata) were grown in a hydroponic system under different salt concentrations from zero to 200 mM. In order to verify the plant response under salt stress, photosynthesis, gas exchange and relative water content were measured at different time points, whereas chlorophyll and leaf concentration of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ ions, were quantified at 43 and 60 days after treatment, when stress symptoms became prominent. Methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) technique was used to assess the effects of salt stress on plant DNA methylation. Several fragments resulted differentially methylated among genotypes, treatments and time points. Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed significant expression changes related to plant response to salinity. Four genes (OePIP1.1, OePetD, OePI4Kg4 and OeXyla) were identified, as well as multiple retrotransposon elements usually targeted by methylation under stress conditions.
Soraya Mousavi; Luca Regni; Marika Bocchini; Roberto Mariotti; Nicolò Cultrera; Stefano Mancuso; Jalaladdin Googlani; Mohammad Reza Chakerolhosseini; Consolación Guerrero; Emidio Albertini; Luciana Baldoni; Primo Proietti. Physiological, epigenetic and genetic regulation in some olive cultivars under salt stress. Scientific Reports 2019, 9, 1 -17.
AMA StyleSoraya Mousavi, Luca Regni, Marika Bocchini, Roberto Mariotti, Nicolò Cultrera, Stefano Mancuso, Jalaladdin Googlani, Mohammad Reza Chakerolhosseini, Consolación Guerrero, Emidio Albertini, Luciana Baldoni, Primo Proietti. Physiological, epigenetic and genetic regulation in some olive cultivars under salt stress. Scientific Reports. 2019; 9 (1):1-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoraya Mousavi; Luca Regni; Marika Bocchini; Roberto Mariotti; Nicolò Cultrera; Stefano Mancuso; Jalaladdin Googlani; Mohammad Reza Chakerolhosseini; Consolación Guerrero; Emidio Albertini; Luciana Baldoni; Primo Proietti. 2019. "Physiological, epigenetic and genetic regulation in some olive cultivars under salt stress." Scientific Reports 9, no. 1: 1-17.
The research integrates the study of trees with the sciences of representation, in order to investigate the relationship between morphology and light interception in a tree, starting from the case study of an olive, modeled without using automation in survey. The representation of canopy architecture, manipulated for agricultural purposes by men, describes the action of sunlight in the tree, testing the potential of advanced digital design tools, especially the generative modeling. Through the design of a specific algorithm, the tree is interpreted like a fragmented photovoltaic panel, analyzed using 14,000 control points, corresponding to each leaves. The possibility of selecting these classes of elements becomes the instrument in interpreting the canopy structure, by finding categories describing and simulating the annual radiance and illuminance.
Primo Proietti; Marco Filippucci; Luigi Nasini; Luca Regni; Antonio Brunori. Generative Trees. Environmental Information Systems 2019, 399 -425.
AMA StylePrimo Proietti, Marco Filippucci, Luigi Nasini, Luca Regni, Antonio Brunori. Generative Trees. Environmental Information Systems. 2019; ():399-425.
Chicago/Turabian StylePrimo Proietti; Marco Filippucci; Luigi Nasini; Luca Regni; Antonio Brunori. 2019. "Generative Trees." Environmental Information Systems , no. : 399-425.
In the present study the use of Selenium-fortified olive leaves as potential dietary source of Se in rabbit nutrition was evaluated. Sixty New Zealand White rabbits (35 days of age) were randomly assigned to the following dietary treatments: standard diet (C), and C supplemented with either 10% olive leaves (OL) or 10% Selenium-fortified olive leaves (SeOL; 100 mg/L of foliar spray sodium selenate solution). At 70 days of age, 10 rabbits per group were slaughtered and the oxidative status, mineral profile and Selenium speciation of Longissimus dorsi meat was analyzed. Meat of the SeOL group exhibited better oxidative status (lower TBARS, higher GPx and α-tocopherol values) and a 5-fold higher Se content compared to that of the other treatments. The main Se form was SeMet (7-fold higher in the SeOL group), followed by SeCys2. The present trial demonstrates the possibility of using agro-industrial by-products as ingredients in rabbit feeds, thereby enriching meat bioactive compound content.
Simona Mattioli; Alessandro Dal Bosco; Joana Margarida Machado Duarte; Roberto D’Amato; Cesare Castellini; Gian Maria Beone; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Daniela Beghelli; Luca Regni; Daniela Businelli; Mass Imo Trabalza-Marinucci; Primo Proietti. Use of Selenium-enriched olive leaves in the feed of growing rabbits: Effect on oxidative status, mineral profile and Selenium speciation of Longissimus dorsi meat. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 2018, 51, 98 -105.
AMA StyleSimona Mattioli, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Joana Margarida Machado Duarte, Roberto D’Amato, Cesare Castellini, Gian Maria Beone, Maria Chiara Fontanella, Daniela Beghelli, Luca Regni, Daniela Businelli, Mass Imo Trabalza-Marinucci, Primo Proietti. Use of Selenium-enriched olive leaves in the feed of growing rabbits: Effect on oxidative status, mineral profile and Selenium speciation of Longissimus dorsi meat. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. 2018; 51 ():98-105.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona Mattioli; Alessandro Dal Bosco; Joana Margarida Machado Duarte; Roberto D’Amato; Cesare Castellini; Gian Maria Beone; Maria Chiara Fontanella; Daniela Beghelli; Luca Regni; Daniela Businelli; Mass Imo Trabalza-Marinucci; Primo Proietti. 2018. "Use of Selenium-enriched olive leaves in the feed of growing rabbits: Effect on oxidative status, mineral profile and Selenium speciation of Longissimus dorsi meat." Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 51, no. : 98-105.
Sixty New Zealand White weaned rabbits were divided into three groups and subjected to different dietary treatments: a standard diet for the control (C), a standard feed supplemented with 10% of plain olive leaves (OL) and a standard feed supplemented with 10% of selenium-fortified olive leaves (100 mg/L of foliar spray sodium selenate solution; SeOL). The productive performance was recorded at the time of slaughter (after 35 days); the carcass and meat traits were determined and estimated indexes of fatty acid metabolism were calculated. No significant differences were found on the rabbit productive performance and the physical-chemical characteristics of the meat. Both group of rabbits on the enriched diet showed leaner and thinner carcasses and a higher meat concentration of oleic acid. The estimated index of Δ5 + Δ6-desaturase, starting from n-6 fatty acids, was lower in both groups supplemented with leaves. The use of selenium-fortified olive leaves, positively affected the lipid oxidative stability of rabbit meat.
Simona Mattioli; Joana Margarida Machado Duarte; Cesare Castellini; Roberto D'Amato; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Daniela Businelli; Elisa Cotozzolo; Miguel Rodrigues; Alessandro Dal Bosco. Use of olive leaves (whether or not fortified with sodium selenate) in rabbit feeding: Effect on performance, carcass and meat characteristics, and estimated indexes of fatty acid metabolism. Meat Science 2018, 143, 230 -236.
AMA StyleSimona Mattioli, Joana Margarida Machado Duarte, Cesare Castellini, Roberto D'Amato, Luca Regni, Primo Proietti, Daniela Businelli, Elisa Cotozzolo, Miguel Rodrigues, Alessandro Dal Bosco. Use of olive leaves (whether or not fortified with sodium selenate) in rabbit feeding: Effect on performance, carcass and meat characteristics, and estimated indexes of fatty acid metabolism. Meat Science. 2018; 143 ():230-236.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSimona Mattioli; Joana Margarida Machado Duarte; Cesare Castellini; Roberto D'Amato; Luca Regni; Primo Proietti; Daniela Businelli; Elisa Cotozzolo; Miguel Rodrigues; Alessandro Dal Bosco. 2018. "Use of olive leaves (whether or not fortified with sodium selenate) in rabbit feeding: Effect on performance, carcass and meat characteristics, and estimated indexes of fatty acid metabolism." Meat Science 143, no. : 230-236.
Foliar fertilization with selenium (Se) may well be beneficial in increasing the nutritional and qualitative values of food in Se-deficient regions such as the Mediterranean Basin, and may contribute to an increase in drought resistance in plants. The present study has considered detachment force, flesh firmness, pigmentation, fresh and dry weight, and oil content of olive drupes from Se fertilized olive orchards (Olea europaea L.) under drought stress and well-watered conditions. This study has also evaluated the total Se, Se amino acid, phenol, carotenoid and chlorophyll contents of EVOO, plus its oxidative stability against oxidation. While there was no change in the ripening indexes and the production of olives generally, Se application did increase the total Se, Se methionine, phenol, and carotenoid and chlorophyll contents. The higher concentration of these (bio) chemical compounds in EVOO obtained from Se fertilized plants might well suggest enhanced antioxidant activity. Consequently, EVOO obtained from Se fertilized trees possesses a higher nutritional value and, as indicated by the greater oxidative stability against oxidation, longer shelf life. In addition, under water deficient conditions, a higher fresh olive weight corresponds to a higher level of phenol, carotenoid and chlorophyll, and the chlorophyll-to-carotenoid ratio in Se fertilized trees would appear to confirm the positive role of selenium in alleviating damage caused by drought stress conditions.
Roberto D'Amato; Mauro De Feudis; Paul E. Hasuoka; Luca Regni; Pablo H. Pacheco; Andrea Onofri; Daniela Businelli; Primo Proietti. The Selenium Supplementation Influences Olive Tree Production and Oil Stability Against Oxidation and Can Alleviate the Water Deficiency Effects. Frontiers in Plant Science 2018, 9, 1 .
AMA StyleRoberto D'Amato, Mauro De Feudis, Paul E. Hasuoka, Luca Regni, Pablo H. Pacheco, Andrea Onofri, Daniela Businelli, Primo Proietti. The Selenium Supplementation Influences Olive Tree Production and Oil Stability Against Oxidation and Can Alleviate the Water Deficiency Effects. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2018; 9 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRoberto D'Amato; Mauro De Feudis; Paul E. Hasuoka; Luca Regni; Pablo H. Pacheco; Andrea Onofri; Daniela Businelli; Primo Proietti. 2018. "The Selenium Supplementation Influences Olive Tree Production and Oil Stability Against Oxidation and Can Alleviate the Water Deficiency Effects." Frontiers in Plant Science 9, no. : 1.