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Despite the recognized potential of nature-based solutions (NBSs) to support climate adaptation, there are still wide barriers for a wider uptake of such NBS in urban areas. While tailored NBS tools could facilitate and accelerate this process, a comprehensive mapping of their availability and capacity to respond to cities’ challenges is missing. This research aims to provide an overview of tools that intend to facilitate the uptake of NBS for urban climate adaptation supporting cities in overcoming their challenges. To do so, this paper (i) presents the results of interviews and workshops with municipal officers and decision-makers from different European cities that identified the challenges they experience with NBS uptake; (ii) selects and reviews NBS tools and (iii) analyzes them on their capacity to address these implementation challenges. Our research revealed four key challenges that municipal officers experience: resources availability; level of expertise, know-how or competence; the institutional setting, and collaborative governance and planning. The results from the tools’ review show that existing tools can support overcoming a lack of expertise (31), but, to a smaller extent, can also be of use when experiencing the institutional setting (13), availability of resources (11), and collaborative governance and planning (10) as a challenge. This work provides researchers and tool developers with insights into potential market saturation as well as scarcity of certain types of tools that would match cities’ challenges, highlighting needs and opportunities for new tool development.
Ilse Voskamp; Claudia de Luca; Monserrat Polo-Ballinas; Helena Hulsman; Reinder Brolsma. Nature-Based Solutions Tools for Planning Urban Climate Adaptation: State of the Art. Sustainability 2021, 13, 6381 .
AMA StyleIlse Voskamp, Claudia de Luca, Monserrat Polo-Ballinas, Helena Hulsman, Reinder Brolsma. Nature-Based Solutions Tools for Planning Urban Climate Adaptation: State of the Art. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (11):6381.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIlse Voskamp; Claudia de Luca; Monserrat Polo-Ballinas; Helena Hulsman; Reinder Brolsma. 2021. "Nature-Based Solutions Tools for Planning Urban Climate Adaptation: State of the Art." Sustainability 13, no. 11: 6381.
Rural areas in Europe host more than 55% of the overall population and embed a unique and peculiar cultural and natural heritage. Nevertheless, they are facing common issues of disengagement, depopulation and economic and social crises. Rural communities are increasingly interested in setting up inclusive and participatory regeneration processes, but participatory planning experiences in rural areas are still limited. This paper introduces the Community-based Heritage Management and Planning methodology (CHMP) developed within the RURITAGE project, and analyzes and presents the results of its implementation in six demonstrators around Europe and beyond. The methodology is based on the establishment of Rural Heritage Hubs (RHH), intended as the community of local stakeholders and a physical place to run the co-creation activities. We used four types of feedback—online survey, in-presence survey, consultations and interviews with RHH Coordinators—to analyze the implementation of the CHMP. The research findings show that through built capital (RHH places activated) and through the activation of local social and human capitals (RHH communities engaged in the process), participatory processes can attract local communities and engage them into the development and the implementation of local regeneration plans, fostering heritage ownership and inclusion.
Claudia de Luca; Javier López-Murcia; Elisa Conticelli; Angela Santangelo; Michelle Perello; Simona Tondelli. Participatory Process for Regenerating Rural Areas through Heritage-Led Plans: The RURITAGE Community-Based Methodology. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5212 .
AMA StyleClaudia de Luca, Javier López-Murcia, Elisa Conticelli, Angela Santangelo, Michelle Perello, Simona Tondelli. Participatory Process for Regenerating Rural Areas through Heritage-Led Plans: The RURITAGE Community-Based Methodology. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5212.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudia de Luca; Javier López-Murcia; Elisa Conticelli; Angela Santangelo; Michelle Perello; Simona Tondelli. 2021. "Participatory Process for Regenerating Rural Areas through Heritage-Led Plans: The RURITAGE Community-Based Methodology." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5212.
This paper presents the result of the analysis of the data gathered from 20 Role Models (RM) case studies regarding their successful heritage-led rural regeneration models. For the study and comparison of the narratives of these Role Models two tools were used: the Community Capitals Framework, which studied the transference of capitals in each process and the identification of six Systemic Innovation Areas that allow this capital transference. A multilevel repository of best practices has been developed allowing the identification of common features, mechanisms for mobilisation of capitals and required resources that will facilitate the replication in other rural areas. The results of this work support the acknowledgement of the contribution of culture, together with cultural and natural heritage, to economic growth, social inclusion and environmental sustainability in rural areas reinforcing the role of culture as the fourth pillar of sustainable development.
Aitziber Egusquiza; Mikel Zubiaga; Alessandra Gandini; Claudia de Luca; Simona Tondelli. Systemic Innovation Areas for Heritage-Led Rural Regeneration: A Multilevel Repository of Best Practices. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5069 .
AMA StyleAitziber Egusquiza, Mikel Zubiaga, Alessandra Gandini, Claudia de Luca, Simona Tondelli. Systemic Innovation Areas for Heritage-Led Rural Regeneration: A Multilevel Repository of Best Practices. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5069.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAitziber Egusquiza; Mikel Zubiaga; Alessandra Gandini; Claudia de Luca; Simona Tondelli. 2021. "Systemic Innovation Areas for Heritage-Led Rural Regeneration: A Multilevel Repository of Best Practices." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5069.
Sustainable urban planning (SUP) is crucial in the development of sustainable cities, as also underlined by the New Urban Agenda. Nature-based solutions (NBS) are increasingly being recognized for their potential to offer multiple benefits that are necessary in order to cope with present and future urban challenges. The European policy framework, including the recently released European Green Deal, could strongly boost the role and recognition of NBS and SUP as drivers of sustainable and inclusive urban transition. Through a content analysis of current environmental European policies, strategies and agreements, this paper provides (i) an overview of the state of the art of the environmental European policy framework and the recognized role of NBS and SUP in reaching defined objectives, and (ii) insights on where NBS and SUP could play a larger role within this framework. On this basis, the paper identifies gaps and develops recommendations for a better integration of such concepts into the current framework.
Claudia de Luca; Sandra Naumann; McKenna Davis; Simona Tondelli. Nature-Based Solutions and Sustainable Urban Planning in the European Environmental Policy Framework: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development. Sustainability 2021, 13, 5021 .
AMA StyleClaudia de Luca, Sandra Naumann, McKenna Davis, Simona Tondelli. Nature-Based Solutions and Sustainable Urban Planning in the European Environmental Policy Framework: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (9):5021.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudia de Luca; Sandra Naumann; McKenna Davis; Simona Tondelli. 2021. "Nature-Based Solutions and Sustainable Urban Planning in the European Environmental Policy Framework: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development." Sustainability 13, no. 9: 5021.
Cultural and Natural Heritage (CNH) are both irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration, according to the UNESCO definition. Rural areas represent outstanding examples of cultural, either tangible or intangible, and natural heritage. While rural areas are facing a socio-economic and demographic crisis all over the world, CNH need not only to be safeguarded, but also promoted as a driver for competitiveness, growth and sustainable and inclusive development. This paper goes deeper into the study of computational methods (CMs) applied to modelling CNH in rural areas by looking at how computational methods can support CNH promotion and valorisation to transform rural areas into laboratories for the demonstration of sustainable development through improving the unique potential of their heritage. To this end, different computational methods have been studied and classified according to their scope and application area parameters, showing some correlation among the said parameters and the class of computational method. Apart from how CMs have been applied, wehether it is possible to scale up these CMs elsewhere has also been considered.
Francisco Barrientos; John Martin; Claudia De Luca; Simona Tondelli; Jaime Gómez-García-Bermejo; Eduardo Zalama Casanova. Computational methods and rural cultural & natural heritage: A review. Journal of Cultural Heritage 2021, 49, 250 -259.
AMA StyleFrancisco Barrientos, John Martin, Claudia De Luca, Simona Tondelli, Jaime Gómez-García-Bermejo, Eduardo Zalama Casanova. Computational methods and rural cultural & natural heritage: A review. Journal of Cultural Heritage. 2021; 49 ():250-259.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancisco Barrientos; John Martin; Claudia De Luca; Simona Tondelli; Jaime Gómez-García-Bermejo; Eduardo Zalama Casanova. 2021. "Computational methods and rural cultural & natural heritage: A review." Journal of Cultural Heritage 49, no. : 250-259.
In recent years, both mapping and assessing urban Ecosystem Services (ESs) to support urban planning has been a topic of great debate. This work aims at contributing to this discussion by developing and testing a methodological approach to first assess and map supply and demand of ESs, and then identify areas of priority of intervention. Starting from the existing models, the work develops a tailored approach to map and assess three ESs (water retention and runoff, PM10 removal, and carbon sequestration and storage) that are tested in the city of Bologna and tailored according to available open data. All data are processed in a GIS environment to allow for spatial distribution and visualization of ESs. These maps facilitate defining supply and demands and, consequently, the presence and distribution of ESs deficiencies. Building on mismatches, this paper proposes four clusters by grouping the city’s districts based on predominant land use (built-up, green urban areas) and tree canopy cover. This classification enabled the identification of intervention priority areas and suggestions of relevant nature-based solutions (NBS) to be implemented. The proposed method can serve other urban areas to perform a rapid assessment of their current needs and challenges in terms of ES provision.
Francesca Vignoli; Claudia de Luca; Simona Tondelli. A Spatial Ecosystem Services Assessment to Support Decision and Policy Making: The Case of the City of Bologna. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2787 .
AMA StyleFrancesca Vignoli, Claudia de Luca, Simona Tondelli. A Spatial Ecosystem Services Assessment to Support Decision and Policy Making: The Case of the City of Bologna. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (5):2787.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesca Vignoli; Claudia de Luca; Simona Tondelli. 2021. "A Spatial Ecosystem Services Assessment to Support Decision and Policy Making: The Case of the City of Bologna." Sustainability 13, no. 5: 2787.
The enhancement of the role of ecosystem services to guarantee the sustainable transformation of urban areas has been at the centre of sustainable development discussion for some years. Nevertheless, the integration of such concepts into local policies and strategies is still far from complete. In this chapter, first the issue of defining and classifying relevant ecosystem services for urban areas is presented, followed by a brief presentation of the case study analysed. The chapter presents an analysis of the integration of urban ecosystem services (UES) concepts into the City of Bologna’s urban planning, greening and climate policies. Even though the overall framework of UES is not explicitly mentioned in Bologna’s urban policies, as only the Climate Adaptation Plan clearly refers to it, several UES – mostly regulating and cultural services – have been included in the documents analysed including indicators, criteria and parameters to enhance them. However, an overall framework with clear targets and monitoring programme is currently missing, leaving great opportunities for the integration of UES concepts within the new City Master Plan.
Claudia De Luca; John Martin; Simona Tondelli. Ecosystem Services Integration into Local Policies and Strategies in the City of Bologna: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development. Ecoregional Green Roofs 2020, 127 -139.
AMA StyleClaudia De Luca, John Martin, Simona Tondelli. Ecosystem Services Integration into Local Policies and Strategies in the City of Bologna: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development. Ecoregional Green Roofs. 2020; ():127-139.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClaudia De Luca; John Martin; Simona Tondelli. 2020. "Ecosystem Services Integration into Local Policies and Strategies in the City of Bologna: Analysis of the State of the Art and Recommendations for Future Development." Ecoregional Green Roofs , no. : 127-139.