Contamination of natural groundwater by arsenic (As) is a serious problem that appears in some areas of Northern Central Mexico (NCM). In this research, As was removed from NCM wells groundwater by the electrocoagulation (EC) technique. Laboratory-scale arsenic electroremoval experiments were carried out at continuous flow rates between 0.25 and 1.00Lmin⁻¹ using current densities of 5, 10, and 20Am⁻². Experiments were performed under galvanostatic conditions during 5min, at constant temperature and pH. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of the processing variables (flow rate and current density), response modeling, and predictions. The highest arsenic removal efficiency from underground water (99%) was achieved at low flow rates (0.25Lmin⁻¹) and high current densities (20Am⁻²). The response models developed explained 93.7% variability for As removal efficiency.

Potassium polytitanates are regarded as intelligent materials for their extraordinary properties, including ion exchange, and for developing nanoframes, where a larger interlayer spacing is generated and therefore ion exchange activity is increased.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es investigar el efecto del contenido de aluminio y silicio sobre la temperatura critica de transformación, durante el enfriamiento, en aceros eléctricos de grano no-orientado (GNO) de bajo carbono laminados en caliente. Dos muestras, con diferentes contenidos de aluminio: A=0,22 y B=0,61 % en peso, fueron analizadas mediante la técnica in-situ de difracción de rayos X a alta temperatura. Las muestras fueron austenizadas a 1.050 °C durante 5 min y, subsecuentemente, enfriadas de manera escalonada cada –10 °C dentro de la cámara de alta temperatura instalada en un difractometro Philips X’pert. Los patrones de difracción fueron registrados cada –10 °C durante el enfriamiento desde 1.000 hasta 720 °C. La temperatura de transformación austenita – ferrita, Ar3, fue estimada a partir de los cambios en la intensidad de los picos (110)-α y (111)-γ en función de la temperatura. Los resultados de dichos experimentos mostraron que la temperatura de transformación, Ar3, aumenta con el incremento del contenido de aluminio, desde 0,22 a 0,61 % en peso. Adicionalmente, el rango bifásico (austenita + ferrita) en el sistema Fe-C disminuye con el incremento de aluminio y silicio en los aceros experimentales. Los resultados de difracción de rayos X fueron sustentados por observaciones microestructurales en muestras del acero B, el cual fue sometido tratamientos térmicos similares a los empleados en los experimentos de DR-X. Se observaron finas capas de ferrita a temperaturas cercanas a la temperatura Ar3 obtenida experimentalmente en el acero B.

Background: The increasing demand for dental implants necessitates the exploration of advanced materials and manufacturing techniques. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has emerged as a viable method for producing custom dental implants, allowing for intricate designs and improved patient-specific fits. This study focuses on the design and structural deformation assessment of 3D-printed dental implants using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). By simulating the mechanical behavior of these implants under realistic loading conditions, we aim to evaluate their performance and predict potential failure points, ultimately enhancing their reliability and longevity in clinical applications. Objective: The primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive design and structural deformation assessment of three-dimensional (3D) printed dental implants using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Specifically, the study aims to: Evaluate stress distribution and deformation patterns in three 3D-printed dental implant designs under simulated physiological loading. Compare the stiffness, strength, and elastic behavior of PEEK and CFR-PEEK under occlusal forces. Identify failure points in implants and bone–implant interfaces by analyzing high stress concentrations. Predict the biomechanical behavior of a novel dental implant by determining its elastic modulus through finite element analysis (FEA). Methods: Three models 3D were designed to understand stress distribution with different structures using PEEK as biomaterial, with 4 test conditions modeled and compared. An occlusal load was applied (230 N at 90˚ and 30˚) on the implants. Isotropic, linear elastic, and homogeneous were considerate as properties of the components. Results: Under axial loads, all models stayed within physiological stress limits, while under 30° oblique loading, Model 3 showed the lowest stress, strain, and pressure. Conclusions: FEA results indicate that 3D-printed dental implants, particularly the optimized Model 3, maintain safe stress levels under axial and oblique loads, supporting their potential for immediate loading. However, due to numerical limitations, experimental validation remains necessary to advance implant designs that optimize bone regeneration and material efficiency.