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The different types of land-use and soil lithology in urban and peri-urban areas of modern cities compose a complex mosaic of soil ecosystems. It is largely unknown how these differences result in changes in bacterial community composition and structure as well as in functional guilds involved in N cycling. To investigate the bacterial composition and the proportion of denitrifiers in agricultural, forested, schoolyard and industrial areas, 24 samples were collected from urban and peri-urban sites of Lefkosia. Bacterial diversity and the proportion of denitrifiers were assessed by NGS and qPCR, respectively. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes were identified as the most dominant phyla across all sites, while agricultural sites exhibited the highest bacterial diversity. Heavy metals such as Co, Pb, V and Al were identified as key factors shaping bacterial composition in industrial and schoolyard sites, while the bacterial assemblages in agricultural and forested sites were associated with Ca. Variance partitioning analysis showed that 10.2% of the bacterial community variation was explained by land use management, 5.1% by chemical elements due to soil lithology, and 1.4% by sampling location. The proportion of denitrifiers varied with land use management. In industrial and schoolyard sites, the abundance of the nosZII bacterial community increased while nirK abundance declined. Our data showed that land use and lithology have a moderate impact on the bacterial assemblages in urban and peri-urban areas of Lefkosia. As the nosZII bacterial community is important to the N2O sink capacity of soils, it would be interesting to elucidate the factors contributing to the proliferation of the nosZII clade in these soils.
Coralea Stephanou; Michalis Omirou; Laurent Philippot; Andreas M. Zissimos; Irene C. Christoforou; Slave Trajanoski; Anastasis Oulas; Ioannis M. Ioannides. Land use in urban areas impacts the composition of soil bacterial communities involved in nitrogen cycling. A case study from Lefkosia (Nicosia) Cyprus. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCoralea Stephanou, Michalis Omirou, Laurent Philippot, Andreas M. Zissimos, Irene C. Christoforou, Slave Trajanoski, Anastasis Oulas, Ioannis M. Ioannides. Land use in urban areas impacts the composition of soil bacterial communities involved in nitrogen cycling. A case study from Lefkosia (Nicosia) Cyprus. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCoralea Stephanou; Michalis Omirou; Laurent Philippot; Andreas M. Zissimos; Irene C. Christoforou; Slave Trajanoski; Anastasis Oulas; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2021. "Land use in urban areas impacts the composition of soil bacterial communities involved in nitrogen cycling. A case study from Lefkosia (Nicosia) Cyprus." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-12.
Cowpea can effectively form tripartite symbiotic associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria (NFB) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) although the selection of compatible AMF species and rhizobial strains which are promoting cowpea growth remains a challenge. The aims of the current study were 1) to evaluate the response of cowpea plants to a symbiotic NFB and a multi-AMF inoculum and 2) to explore any interaction between the symbiotic NFB and the different AMF isolates. In a pot gnotobiotic trial, cowpea plants grown under limited N supply, were inoculated with or without a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium, Sinorhizobium meliloti, and combinations of three different AMF species namely Dominikia disticha, Claroideoglomus etunicatum and Rhizophagus irregularis. Experimental evaluation was determined through the measurement of above ground biomass, nutrient content and AMF root colonization. The presence of AMF species on cowpea roots was also determined with cloning and sequencing. Inoculation with both AMF and S. meliloti led to increased cowpea biomass production compared to inoculation with AMF only, but the presence of a positive effect depended on the specific AMF partners used. Inoculation with AMF alone had a highly positive impact on the growth and P uptake of cowpea, but the NFB inoculation was needed to address N deficiency in planta. The presence of both symbionts generally led to increased AMF colonization of the cowpea roots, however, plant colonization depended on the AMF species, and became even negative, when all three AMF inocula were used together. The AMF composition in plant roots was also altered in the presence of the S. meliloti. Plant nitrogen content of cowpea plants significantly increased under the presence of both symbionts compared to AMF alone, while phosphorus content was hardly affected by dual inoculations. The results show positive synergistic effects of the different AMF species and S.meliloti. Inoculation with all AMF isolates and S. meliloti led to high above ground biomass production and accumulation of N. The presence of S. meliloti increased P content in plants not inoculated with AMF. Finally, the efficiency of synergism depends on the specific AMF partners used and it is not related to their colonization levels.
Athanasia Kavadia; Michalis Omirou; Dionysia A. Fasoula; Filippa Louka; Constantinos Ehaliotis; Ioannis M. Ioannides. Co-inoculations with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alters mycorrhizal composition and lead to synergistic growth effects in cowpea that are fungal combination-dependent. Applied Soil Ecology 2021, 167, 104013 .
AMA StyleAthanasia Kavadia, Michalis Omirou, Dionysia A. Fasoula, Filippa Louka, Constantinos Ehaliotis, Ioannis M. Ioannides. Co-inoculations with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alters mycorrhizal composition and lead to synergistic growth effects in cowpea that are fungal combination-dependent. Applied Soil Ecology. 2021; 167 ():104013.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAthanasia Kavadia; Michalis Omirou; Dionysia A. Fasoula; Filippa Louka; Constantinos Ehaliotis; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2021. "Co-inoculations with rhizobia and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alters mycorrhizal composition and lead to synergistic growth effects in cowpea that are fungal combination-dependent." Applied Soil Ecology 167, no. : 104013.
The biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) emissions from cultivated plants-soil systems and N fertilization's role on these emissions are mostly unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the BVOCs emissions from a plant-soil system receiving N fertilization using Rosmarinus officinalis as a model case study. We put forward the hypothesis that N fertilization changes the BVOCs emissions patterns irrespectively the presence of Rosmarinus officinalis and that the emissions are related to N availability and bacterial abundance. To test our hypothesis, we established a microcosm (glass static chambers) study in a fully randomized design with four treatments: soil (S), soil and plant (S + P), soil and fertilizer (S + F), soil, plant, and fertilizer (S + P + F); using NH4NO3 as N source. BVOCs were sampled from the microcosms, using the static headspace sampling technique with a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) device and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC–MS). Sampling occurred 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 15, 17, 22, 25, and 31 days after applying the NH4NO3 and besides BVOCs, we measured soil NH4+ and NO3− concentration as well as 16S rRNA bacterial abundance. Time drives a significant portion of the variation in the chemical diversity and quantity of the different VOCs found throughout the experiment (PERMANOVA; R2 = 0.28, p < 0.001); however, this was dependent on the presence of plant and fertilizer leading to a significant interaction (PERMANOVA; R2 = 0.33, p < 0.001). Individual BVOCs emissions were strongly affected by nitrogen fertilization, plant presence and declined during the time. The most dominant BVOCs detected were benzyl alcohol, acetone, toluene, benzaldehyde, and caprolactam. Interestingly, the BVOCs concentration was negatively associated with soil concentration to NH4+, NO3− and total bacterial abundance.
Eleni Christodoulou; Agapios Agapiou; Michalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. Profiling soil volatile organic compounds after N fertilization in a soil grown with Rosmarinus officinalis. Applied Soil Ecology 2021, 164, 103934 .
AMA StyleEleni Christodoulou, Agapios Agapiou, Michalis Omirou, Ioannis M. Ioannides. Profiling soil volatile organic compounds after N fertilization in a soil grown with Rosmarinus officinalis. Applied Soil Ecology. 2021; 164 ():103934.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEleni Christodoulou; Agapios Agapiou; Michalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2021. "Profiling soil volatile organic compounds after N fertilization in a soil grown with Rosmarinus officinalis." Applied Soil Ecology 164, no. : 103934.
Climate change has gained importance due to its severe consequences for many aspects of life. Increasing temperature, drought and greenhouse gases affect directly or indirectly the productivity of agricultural and natural ecosystems as well as human health. The nutrient supply capacity of the soil is diminishing, while food requirements for the growing population are increasing. The ongoing application of agrochemicals results in adverse effects on ecosystem functioning and food chain. Now, more than ever, there is a need to mitigate the effects of agricultural activities on climate change using environmentally friendly techniques. The role of plant beneficial microorganisms on this global challenge is increasingly being explored, and there is strong evidence that could be important. The use of functional microbial guilds forms an alternative or even a supplementary approach to common agricultural practices, due to their ability to act as biofertilizers and promote plant growth. Application of microbial inocula has a significantly lower impact on the environment compared to chemical inputs, while the agricultural sector will financially benefit, and consumers will have access to quality products. Microbial inoculants could play an important role in agricultural stress management and ameliorate the negative impacts of climate change. This short review highlights the role of microbes in benefiting agricultural practices against climate-changing conditions. In particular, the main microbial plant growth-promoting functional traits that are related to climate change are presented and discussed. The importance of microbial inoculants’ multifunctionality is debated, while future needs and challenges are also highlighted.
Athanasia Kavadia; Michalis Omirou; Dionysia Fasoula; Ioannis Ioannides. The Importance of Microbial Inoculants in a Climate-Changing Agriculture in Eastern Mediterranean Region. Atmosphere 2020, 11, 1136 .
AMA StyleAthanasia Kavadia, Michalis Omirou, Dionysia Fasoula, Ioannis Ioannides. The Importance of Microbial Inoculants in a Climate-Changing Agriculture in Eastern Mediterranean Region. Atmosphere. 2020; 11 (10):1136.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAthanasia Kavadia; Michalis Omirou; Dionysia Fasoula; Ioannis Ioannides. 2020. "The Importance of Microbial Inoculants in a Climate-Changing Agriculture in Eastern Mediterranean Region." Atmosphere 11, no. 10: 1136.
Nitrogen has a significant contribution to global warming and its reduction in agriculture is expected to reduce N2O emissions having however adverse effects on the productivity of agricultural ecosystems. Maintaining systems productivity with alternative N sources i.e manure and composts could be a strategy also to mitigate N2O emissions. In this paper, we present the effect of different N sources (organic and chemical) on field N2O emissions and how these emissions are associated with soil available N forms (NH4+ and NO3−) in three different rain-fed crops namely barley, pea and vetch grown in Cyprus for two growing seasons. The daily emissions ranged from −3.11 to 12.3 g N–N2O/ha/day, while cumulative emissions ranged from 119 g N–N2O/ha to 660 g N–N2O/ha depending on crop and nitrogen source type. The emissions showed a seasonal pattern and WFPS has been identified as a critical soil parameter controlling daily N2O emissions. The daily N2O fluxes in the current study derives mainly from nitrification irrespectively crop type or nitrogen source type. Specific emission factors for each crop cultivated under different N source type were calculated and ranged from 0.03% ± 0.02–0.34% ± 0.09. The application of manure and chemical fertilizers cause similar intensity of N2O emissions while compost exhibited the lower emission factors. These findings suggest that composts could be integrated in a nutrient management strategy of rain-fed crops with less N2O emissions. The high background emissions found suggest also that other factors than external inputs are associated with N2O emissions and further studies including the response of microbial community structure and their contribution and association with N2O emissions.
Michalis Omirou; Ioannis Anastopoulos; Dionysia A. Fasoula; Ioannis M. Ioannides. The effect of chemical and organic N inputs on N2O emission from rain-fed crops in Eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Environmental Management 2020, 270, 110755 .
AMA StyleMichalis Omirou, Ioannis Anastopoulos, Dionysia A. Fasoula, Ioannis M. Ioannides. The effect of chemical and organic N inputs on N2O emission from rain-fed crops in Eastern Mediterranean. Journal of Environmental Management. 2020; 270 ():110755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichalis Omirou; Ioannis Anastopoulos; Dionysia A. Fasoula; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2020. "The effect of chemical and organic N inputs on N2O emission from rain-fed crops in Eastern Mediterranean." Journal of Environmental Management 270, no. : 110755.
Agroecology calls for a global approach, integrating scientific, practical, and advocacy dimensions, to redesign agricultural systems based on ecological and socio-cultural processes and emphasizing biodiversity. This review is grounded on the results of DIVERSIFOOD, a European H2020 multi-actor research project, and explores the concept of cultivated diversity using various dimensions relevant to foster sustainable organic food systems and agro-ecological transition. From the evaluation of underutilized genetic resources and forgotten crops, DIVERSIFOOD has proposed plant breeding strategies, on-farm experimentation, and statistical tools to create new populations, landraces, and organic cultivars with intra-varietal diversity. The added value of Community Seed Banks and forms of collective seed management in Europe have been described in terms of goals and activities, and their value for improving seed regulations, treaties, and genetic resources management is discussed. In the context of the current agro-food system characterized by standardization, DIVERSIFOOD raised awareness of qualities of ‘biodiverse food systems’ in which all actors have a role to play. It highlighted the critical capacity to preserve a diversity of cultural values embodied in ‘biodiverse products’, thereby involving consumers in collective strategies for reviving diversity, and empowering all actors of organic food systems to really and efficiently implement research within their farms and networks.
Véronique Chable; Edwin Nuijten; Ambrogio Costanzo; Isabelle Goldringer; Riccardo Bocci; Bernadette Oehen; Frédéric Rey; Dionysia Fasoula; Judit Feher; Marjo Keskitalo; Beate Koller; Michalis Omirou; Pedro Mendes-Moreira; Gaëlle Van Frank; Abdel Kader Naino Jika; Mathieu Thomas; Adanella Rossi. Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition. Sustainability 2020, 12, 784 .
AMA StyleVéronique Chable, Edwin Nuijten, Ambrogio Costanzo, Isabelle Goldringer, Riccardo Bocci, Bernadette Oehen, Frédéric Rey, Dionysia Fasoula, Judit Feher, Marjo Keskitalo, Beate Koller, Michalis Omirou, Pedro Mendes-Moreira, Gaëlle Van Frank, Abdel Kader Naino Jika, Mathieu Thomas, Adanella Rossi. Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):784.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVéronique Chable; Edwin Nuijten; Ambrogio Costanzo; Isabelle Goldringer; Riccardo Bocci; Bernadette Oehen; Frédéric Rey; Dionysia Fasoula; Judit Feher; Marjo Keskitalo; Beate Koller; Michalis Omirou; Pedro Mendes-Moreira; Gaëlle Van Frank; Abdel Kader Naino Jika; Mathieu Thomas; Adanella Rossi. 2020. "Embedding Cultivated Diversity in Society for Agro-Ecological Transition." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 784.
Phenotyping and Plant Breeding: Overcoming the Barriers
Dionysia A. Fasoula; Ioannis M. Ioannides; Michalis Omirou. Phenotyping and Plant Breeding: Overcoming the Barriers. Frontiers in Plant Science 2020, 10, 1 .
AMA StyleDionysia A. Fasoula, Ioannis M. Ioannides, Michalis Omirou. Phenotyping and Plant Breeding: Overcoming the Barriers. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2020; 10 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDionysia A. Fasoula; Ioannis M. Ioannides; Michalis Omirou. 2020. "Phenotyping and Plant Breeding: Overcoming the Barriers." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 1.
Chickpea is one of the most important legumes in the world and could be dramatically affected from water limitation. Chickpea is associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that are known for their contribution to the alleviation of drought stress in plants. In the current study we evaluated the effect of water limitation in two chickpea genotypes (A345 and A365) and how water limitation affected plant performance and AMF symbiosis (composition and colonization) in a microcosm study in a complete randomized design. Water limitation had a detrimental effect only in A345 genotype performance and this was depended on plant growth stage. On the contrary, the biomass production of A365 genotype was not affected from water limitation 55 days after the initiation of the experiment. This response was associated with AMF colonization. The colonization found in the sensitive to water limitation genotype A345 was substantially suppressed in both growth stages while the colonization of the tolerant, A365 genotype was not affected under drought stress conditions. Multivariate analysis showed that the composition of AMF communities in chickpea was significantly affected from the interaction between growth stage, genotype and water availability (p < 0.01). Differential abundance analyses showed that the abundance of specific AMF genera in the tolerant to water limitation genotype A365 was substantially decreased at early growth stages compared to the sensitive genotype A345. This finding highlights that A365 could be less depended on mycorrhizal presence and/or the AMF colonizers is more efficient acting complementary to the plant inherent drought tolerant mechanisms to alleviate water shortage.
A. Kavadia; M. Omirou; D. Fasoula; S. Trajanoski; E. Andreou; I.M. Ioannides. Genotype and soil water availability shape the composition of AMF communities at chickpea early growth stages. Applied Soil Ecology 2019, 150, 103443 .
AMA StyleA. Kavadia, M. Omirou, D. Fasoula, S. Trajanoski, E. Andreou, I.M. Ioannides. Genotype and soil water availability shape the composition of AMF communities at chickpea early growth stages. Applied Soil Ecology. 2019; 150 ():103443.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA. Kavadia; M. Omirou; D. Fasoula; S. Trajanoski; E. Andreou; I.M. Ioannides. 2019. "Genotype and soil water availability shape the composition of AMF communities at chickpea early growth stages." Applied Soil Ecology 150, no. : 103443.
The emerging need for sustainable management of the increasing quantities of urban and industrial organic wastes creates opportunities for the development of alternative strategies for the improvement of degraded soils. The current study was performed to examine the effects of agricultural wastes application on soil bacterial community as well as CO2 and N2O direct gas emissions. Untreated soils were compared with soils, which received the same amount of N (100 μg/g soil) in the form of ammonium nitrate and organic agricultural waste. In particular, soils were incubated with three different organic agricultural wastes, orange (OP), mandarin (MP) and banana peels (BP) and ammonium nitrate (F) after adjusting soil water at 70% of its holding capacity. In the current study, soil chemical characteristics, quantitative PCR of denitrifiers (nirK, nirS, nosZI and nosZII) and16s rRNA amplicon sequencing were assessed to examine the links between the soil microbial communities and short-term soil direct N2O emissions when treated with agricultural wastes. The highest soil direct N2O emissions were recorded in soils received ammonium nitrate while soils received agricultural wastes exhibited substantially lower soil direct N2O emissions. On the contrary, agricultural wastes stimulated CO2 accumulation as well as the growth of copiotrophic bacterial groups like Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Interestingly, direct soil N2O emissions were decoupled from the density of denitrifier community while agricultural wastes caused a substantial reduction of the relative abundance of bacterial taxa associated with N2O emissions in the soil. This study proves evidence that agricultural wastes could be integrated in a waste management strategy, which inter alia includes their direct use in agricultural ecosystems resulting in reduced N2O emissions.
Ioannis Anastopoulos; Michalis Omirou; Coralea Stephanou; Anastasios Oulas; Michalis A. Vasiliades; Angelos M. Efstathiou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. Valorization of agricultural wastes could improve soil fertility and mitigate soil direct N2O emissions. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 250, 109389 .
AMA StyleIoannis Anastopoulos, Michalis Omirou, Coralea Stephanou, Anastasios Oulas, Michalis A. Vasiliades, Angelos M. Efstathiou, Ioannis M. Ioannides. Valorization of agricultural wastes could improve soil fertility and mitigate soil direct N2O emissions. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 250 ():109389.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIoannis Anastopoulos; Michalis Omirou; Coralea Stephanou; Anastasios Oulas; Michalis A. Vasiliades; Angelos M. Efstathiou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2019. "Valorization of agricultural wastes could improve soil fertility and mitigate soil direct N2O emissions." Journal of Environmental Management 250, no. : 109389.
Cowpea is a warm-season legume, often characterized as an orphan or underutilized crop, with great future potential, particularly under the global change. A traditional cowpea landrace in Cyprus is highly valued for fresh pod consumption in the local cuisine. In order to improve the yield potential of the landrace, the long-term response to direct selection for fresh pod yield and the associated changes in fodder and root biomass were investigated in a variety of fertility regimes under real field conditions. The non-stop selection process employed comprehensive pod, fodder, and root phenotyping at the level of the individual plant and resulted in the creation of a range of highly improved sibling lines with differential adaptation to micro-environments and with an improved ratio of pod to shoot and root biomass. The average rate of increase per year for fresh pod yield is at the level of 180 g per plant despite the relatively narrow genetic base of a single landrace and it is seemingly inexhaustible testifying to the great plasticity of the cowpea genome and the potential of the methodology to capture it. The corresponding high genetic gain was also confirmed under dense stands where the difference in pod yield between the best selection and the control amounted to 31.37%. Thus, the new focus apart from the simple variety maintenance should also include the continuous improvement and exploitation of micro-adaptation processes specific for individual fields that allow quick responses to environmental and climatic changes. This work presents also a novel approach to the multiple challenges encountered in root phenotyping and a method to meaningfully associate it with whole-plant performance in field conditions.
Michalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides; Dionysia A. Fasoula. Optimizing Resource Allocation in a Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Landrace Through Whole-Plant Field Phenotyping and Non-stop Selection to Sustain Increased Genetic Gain Across a Decade. Frontiers in Plant Science 2019, 10, 949 .
AMA StyleMichalis Omirou, Ioannis M. Ioannides, Dionysia A. Fasoula. Optimizing Resource Allocation in a Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Landrace Through Whole-Plant Field Phenotyping and Non-stop Selection to Sustain Increased Genetic Gain Across a Decade. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019; 10 ():949.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMichalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides; Dionysia A. Fasoula. 2019. "Optimizing Resource Allocation in a Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) Landrace Through Whole-Plant Field Phenotyping and Non-stop Selection to Sustain Increased Genetic Gain Across a Decade." Frontiers in Plant Science 10, no. : 949.
It is imperative for sustainable agriculture to explore practices and inputs creating low N2O emission capacity without reducing the productivity of the agricultural system. To evaluate different nutrient management schemes, a microcosm study was conducted to assess the direct N2O emission from soil. Four different treatments were used to provide a preliminary assessment of N2O emissions, as well as the concentrations of nitrates (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) produced in soil: compost (derived from green plant residues), chickpea residues (green manure) in two different N concentrations (2.6% and 5.5%, respectively) and ammonium nitrate (fertilizer). The soil was thoroughly mixed with the organic amendments and ammonium nitrate and incubated for 31 days. The emissions of N2O were higher in green manure with high-N content, as a source of nitrogen in the soil, and were similar to the emissions measured from the chemically fertilized soil. In particular, chickpea residues, with high-N content, exhibited cumulative N2O emissions, equal to 266.17 μg N/m2, whereas in fertilized soil the emissions were 267.10 μg N/m2. On the contrary, the incorporation of chickpea plant residues with low-N content can be an efficient way to minimize the N2O emissions at 21.63 μg N/m2. The emissions of N2O when compost was applied, remained relatively low, equal to 5.47 μg N/m2, and in comparison to soil without any treatment. Overall, a positive association between NH4+, NO3- in soil and N2O emissions were observed. However, this response was treatment depended, and the significant positive correlation between NH4+ and N2O emissions were noticed in soils treated with ammonium nitrate, chickpea residues with low N content, as well as untreated controls. On the contrary, the positive correlation observed between NO3- and N2O emissions in soils receiving compost and high N chickpea residues, suggest that the different treatments are differentially affecting the processes that are contributing to N2O emissions in agricultural soils. These findings, emphasize that the different nutrient management schemes are differentially affecting the main process contributing to N2O emissions in agricultural soils.
Eleni Christodoulou; Agapios Agapiou; Ioannis Anastopoulos; Michalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. The effects of different soil nutrient management schemes in nitrogen cycling. Journal of Environmental Management 2019, 243, 168 -176.
AMA StyleEleni Christodoulou, Agapios Agapiou, Ioannis Anastopoulos, Michalis Omirou, Ioannis M. Ioannides. The effects of different soil nutrient management schemes in nitrogen cycling. Journal of Environmental Management. 2019; 243 ():168-176.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEleni Christodoulou; Agapios Agapiou; Ioannis Anastopoulos; Michalis Omirou; Ioannis M. Ioannides. 2019. "The effects of different soil nutrient management schemes in nitrogen cycling." Journal of Environmental Management 243, no. : 168-176.