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Continued advancements in microprocessors, electronics, and communication technology have led to the design and development of sensing devices with increased functionalities, smaller sizes, larger processing, storage, and communication capabilities, and decreased cost. A large number of these sensor nodes are used in many environmental, infrastructure, commercial, and military monitoring applications. Due to the linearity of a good number of the monitored structures such as oil, gas, and water pipelines, borders, rivers, and roads, the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that are used to monitor them have a linear topology. This type of WSN is called a linear sensor network (LSN). In this paper, two distributed algorithms for topology discovery in thick LSNs are presented: the linear backbone discovery algorithm (LBD) and the linear backbone discovery algorithm with x backbone paths (LBDx). Both of them try to construct a linear backbone for efficient routing in LSNs. However, the LBD algorithm has the objective of minimizing the number of messages used during the backbone discovery process. On the other hand, the LBDx algorithm focuses on reducing the number of hops of the data messages transmitted from the nodes to the sink. LBD and LBDx exhibit good properties and efficient performance, which are confirmed by extensive simulations.
Imad Jawhar; Sheng Zhang; Jie Wu; Nader Mohamed; Mohammad Masud. Distributed Algorithms for Multiple Path Backbone Discovery in Thick Linear Sensor Networks. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 2021, 10, 49 .
AMA StyleImad Jawhar, Sheng Zhang, Jie Wu, Nader Mohamed, Mohammad Masud. Distributed Algorithms for Multiple Path Backbone Discovery in Thick Linear Sensor Networks. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. 2021; 10 (3):49.
Chicago/Turabian StyleImad Jawhar; Sheng Zhang; Jie Wu; Nader Mohamed; Mohammad Masud. 2021. "Distributed Algorithms for Multiple Path Backbone Discovery in Thick Linear Sensor Networks." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 10, no. 3: 49.
Health 4.0 establishes a new promising vision for the healthcare industry. It creatively integrates and employ innovative technologies such as the Internet of Health Things (IoHT), medical Cyber-Physical Systems (medical CPS), health cloud, health fog, big data analytics, machine learning, blockchain, and smart algorithms. The goal is to deliver improved, value-added and cost-effective healthcare services to patients and enhance the effectiveness and efficiency or the healthcare industry. Health 4.0 (adapted from the Industry 4.0 principles) changes the healthcare business model to enhance the interactions across the healthcare clients (the patients), stakeholders, infrastructure, and value chain. This effectively will improve the quality, flexibility, productivity, cost-effectiveness, and reliability of healthcare services in addition to increasing patients’ satisfaction. However, building and utilizing healthcare applications that follow the Health 4.0 concept is a non-trivial and complex endeavor. In addition, advanced potential applications based on Health 4.0 capabilities are not yet being investigated. In this paper we define the main objectives of Health 4.0 and discuss advanced potential Health 4.0 applications. To have a clear understanding of these applications, we categorize them in 4 groups based on the primary beneficiary of these applications. Thus we have patient targeted applications, applications supporting healthcare professionals, resource management applications and high-level healthcare systems management applications. In addition, as we studied the different applications, we realized that these is a certain collection of services that these most of them need regardless of their goals or business context. Services supporting data collection and transfer, security and privacy, reliable operations are some examples. As a result we propose creating a service-oriented middleware framework to offers the common services to the applications developers and facilitate the integration of different services to build applications under the Health 4.0 umbrella.
Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed; Eman Abukhousa. Health 4.0: On the Way to Realizing the Healthcare of the Future. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 211189 -211210.
AMA StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi, Nader Mohamed, Eman Abukhousa. Health 4.0: On the Way to Realizing the Healthcare of the Future. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):211189-211210.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed; Eman Abukhousa. 2020. "Health 4.0: On the Way to Realizing the Healthcare of the Future." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 211189-211210.
Smart cities rely heavily on collecting and using data. Smart systems are implemented and deployed to provide intelligent features that help improve efficiency and quality of life. This creates a huge repository of data representing many aspects of smart city operations. Many data-driven applications can take advantage of this data to further improve the “smartness” of a smart city. At the same time, smart city systems, being very large-scale distributed systems and highly integrated with the physical infrastructure and residents of the city, pose immense security challenges as well. So why don’t we take advantage of this data to improve security measures? In this paper we propose the use of data-driven security approaches to secure smart city systems. To illustrate the significance of this approach we first identify the different challenges for securing smart city systems given the unique characteristics of these systems. Then we discuss the benefits of using data-driven security. Furthermore, we categorize the different types of security applications (features) needed to help capitalize on the data needs and benefits. We also discuss the how these categories of applications can alleviate some of the challenges. In addition, we highlight possible future research directions to incorporate effective data-driven security in smart city systems.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Nader Kesserwan. Data-Driven Security for Smart City Systems: Carving a Trail. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 147211 -147230.
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Imad Jawhar, Nader Kesserwan. Data-Driven Security for Smart City Systems: Carving a Trail. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):147211-147230.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Nader Kesserwan. 2020. "Data-Driven Security for Smart City Systems: Carving a Trail." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 147211-147230.
Cyber–Physical Systems (CPS) connect the physical world (systems, environments, and humans) with the cyber world (software, data, etc.) to intelligently enhance the operational environment they serve. CPS are distributed software and hardware components embedded in the physical world and possibly attached to humans. They offer smart features, such as enhancing and optimizing the reliability, quality, safety, health, security, efficiency, operational costs, sustainability, and maintainability of physical systems. CPS are also very vulnerable to security attacks and criminal activities. In addition, they are very complex and have a direct impact on their environment. Therefore, it is hard to detect and investigate security attacks, while such attacks may have a catastrophic impact on the physical world. As a result, CPS must incorporate security measures in addition to suitable and effective forensics capabilities. When the security measures fail and an attack occurs, it becomes imperative to perform thorough forensics analysis. Adding effective forensics tools and capabilities will support the investigations of incidents. This paper defines the field of CPS forensics and its dimensions: Technical, Organizational, and Legal. Then, it reviews examples of current research efforts in the field and the types of tools and methods they propose for CPS forensics. In addition, it discusses the issues and challenges in the field that need to be addressed by researchers and developers of CPS. The paper then uses the review outcomes to discuss future research directions to address challenges and create a more effective, efficient, and safe forensics tools and for CPS. This discussion aims to create a starting point for researchers where they can identify the gaps and challenges and create suitable solutions through their research in CPS forensics.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar. Cyber–Physical Systems Forensics: Today and Tomorrow. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 2020, 9, 37 .
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Imad Jawhar. Cyber–Physical Systems Forensics: Today and Tomorrow. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. 2020; 9 (3):37.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar. 2020. "Cyber–Physical Systems Forensics: Today and Tomorrow." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 9, no. 3: 37.
Blockchain technologies have recently come to the forefront of the research and industrial communities as they bring potential benefits for many industries. This is due to their practical capabilities in solving many issues currently inhibiting further advances in various industrial domains. Securely recording and sharing transactional data, establishing automated and efficient supply chain processes, and enhancing transparency across the whole value chain are some examples of these issues. Blockchain offers an effective way to tackle these issues using distributed, shared, secure, and permissioned transactional ledgers. The employment of blockchain technologies and the possibility of applying them in different situations enables many industrial applications through increased efficiency and security; enhanced traceability and transparency and reduced costs. In this paper, different industrial application domains where the use of blockchain technologies has been proposed are reviewed. The paper explores the opportunities, benefits, and challenges of incorporating blockchain in different industry applications. Furthermore, the paper attempts to identify the requirements that support the implementation of blockchain for different industry applications. The review reveals that several opportunities are available for utilizing blockchain in various industry sectors; however, there are still some challenges to be addressed to achieve better utilization of this technology.
Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. Blockchain in Industries: A Survey. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 36500 -36515.
AMA StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi, Nader Mohamed. Blockchain in Industries: A Survey. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):36500-36515.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. 2019. "Blockchain in Industries: A Survey." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 36500-36515.
Factories use many manufacturing processes that consume a lot of energy and highly contribute in greenhouse gas emissions. The introduction of the concept of Industrial Internet in USA and Industry 4.0 in Europe offers many opportunities to reduce energy consumption in these factories. Introducing and utilizing smart techniques for the applications pertinent to manufacturing processes within the Industry 4.0 domain can offer many benefits for reducing energy consumption in smart factories. This paper investigates and discusses these opportunities and benefits. The paper also discusses the roles of Industry 4.0 technologies in enabling these opportunities. Consequently, introducing these capabilities will help significantly reduce both production costs and greenhouse gas emissions. The paper then provides a benefit analysis that shows the advantages of such leverage. In addition, the paper offers an enabling architecture and its components that includes cyber-physical system (CPS) manufacturing services layer, fog manufacturing services layer, cloud manufacturing services layer, and blockchain-based service-oriented middleware to support such opportunities.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. Leveraging the Capabilities of Industry 4.0 for Improving Energy Efficiency in Smart Factories. IEEE Access 2019, 7, 18008 -18020.
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. Leveraging the Capabilities of Industry 4.0 for Improving Energy Efficiency in Smart Factories. IEEE Access. 2019; 7 (99):18008-18020.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. 2019. "Leveraging the Capabilities of Industry 4.0 for Improving Energy Efficiency in Smart Factories." IEEE Access 7, no. 99: 18008-18020.
A large number of advancements have taken place in microprocessor-based systems leading to significantly more processing, memory, storage, sensing, actuating, recognition, controlling and communication capabilities. Robotics is one of the areas that have benefited a lot from these advancements. Many important and useful applications for single-robot and multi-robot systems (MRS) have emerged. Such applications include search and rescue, detection of forest fires, mining, construction, disaster management, and many more. MRS systems greatly enhance the capabilities and effectiveness of today’s robots. They extend the robotic system capabilities by increasing the ability to perform more complex tasks and allow performance of inherently distributed ones. In addition, they increase parallelism, enhance robustness, and improve system reliability. However, to perform their tasks in an effective manner, communication between the individual robots becomes an essential component. In this paper, we discuss the various types and architectures of MRS systems and focus on the networking issues, and services that are required to enable MRS systems to be more efficient in performing their roles in their respective applications. We also identify the similarities and differences between mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) and MRS systems, analyze robot-to-robot (R2R) and robot-to-infrastructure (R2I) communication links, and identify the protocols that can be used at the various levels in the MRS hierarchy.
Imad Jawhar; Nader Mohamed; Jie Wu; Jameela Al-Jaroodi. Networking of Multi-Robot Systems: Architectures and Requirements. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 2018, 7, 52 .
AMA StyleImad Jawhar, Nader Mohamed, Jie Wu, Jameela Al-Jaroodi. Networking of Multi-Robot Systems: Architectures and Requirements. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks. 2018; 7 (4):52.
Chicago/Turabian StyleImad Jawhar; Nader Mohamed; Jie Wu; Jameela Al-Jaroodi. 2018. "Networking of Multi-Robot Systems: Architectures and Requirements." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 7, no. 4: 52.
When it comes to smart cities, one of the most important components is data. To enable smart city applications, data needs to be collected, stored, and processed to accomplish intelligent tasks. In this paper we discuss smart cities and the use of new and existing technologies to improve multiple aspects of these cities. There are also social and environmental aspects that have become important in smart cities that create concerns regarding ethics and ethical conduct. Thus we discuss various issues relating to the appropriate and ethical use of smart city applications and their data. Many smart city projects are being implemented and here we showcase several examples to provide context for our ethical analysis. Law enforcement, structure efficiency, utility efficiency, and traffic flow control applications are some areas that could have the most gains in smart cities; yet, they are the most pervasive as the applications performing these activities must collect and process the most private data about the citizens. The secure and ethical use of this data must be a top priority within every project. The paper also provides a list of challenges for smart city applications pertaining in some ways to ethics. These challenges are drawn from the studied examples of smart city projects to bring attention to ethical issues and raise awareness of the need to address and regulate such use of data.
Sawyer Clever; Tyler Crago; Alex Polka; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. Ethical Analyses of Smart City Applications. Urban Science 2018, 2, 96 .
AMA StyleSawyer Clever, Tyler Crago, Alex Polka, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Nader Mohamed. Ethical Analyses of Smart City Applications. Urban Science. 2018; 2 (4):96.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSawyer Clever; Tyler Crago; Alex Polka; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. 2018. "Ethical Analyses of Smart City Applications." Urban Science 2, no. 4: 96.
Foreseeing changes in how smart cities manage their resources and provide services to the residents; research, development and production in various relevant technology fields is accelerating. Taking advantage of recent advances and innovations in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), robotics and software; smart cities can optimize resources utilization and enhance operations in health, transportation, energy, and water services, as well as elevating the level of comfort of residents. Effectively and efficiently utilizing ICT and robotics in smart cities will result in reducing costs and resources consumption in addition to engaging more effectively and actively with the citizens. One of these technologies is the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which can provide many applications for smart cities and create a positive impact on the society. For example, UAVs can be used for environmental monitoring, traffic management, pollution monitoring, civil security control, and merchandise delivery. UAV applications among several others can provide cost-effective services to help achieve the objectives of smart cities. However, the integration of UAVs in smart cities is very challenging due to several issues and concerns such as safety, privacy and ethical/legal use. This paper reviews the potential applications integrating UAVs in smart cities, their implications, and the technical and non-technical issues facing such integration. It also discusses regulations and enabling technologies currently available and being developed that can be utilized to support such integration.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Ahmed Idries; Farhan Mohammed. Unmanned aerial vehicles applications in future smart cities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2018, 153, 119293 .
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Imad Jawhar, Ahmed Idries, Farhan Mohammed. Unmanned aerial vehicles applications in future smart cities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2018; 153 ():119293.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Ahmed Idries; Farhan Mohammed. 2018. "Unmanned aerial vehicles applications in future smart cities." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 153, no. : 119293.
Smart Cyber-Physical Systems (sCPS) extend the traditional CPS by introducing intelligent and autonomous capabilities to these systems. sCPS provide smart interactions, smart controls, and smart enhancements for the physical world. These smart features can enhance the operations, efficiency, safety, utilization, reliability, quality, and cost-effectiveness of the physical world. These systems are usually highly distributed, real-time, deal with huge data sets, implement intelligent algorithms, and need powerful computation power and large-scale storage capacity. Some of the promising approaches to achieve the sCPS objectives include the use of a combination of cloud computing and fog computing to enable developing and operating them. Cloud computing can provide scalable and powerful computation platforms, large storage capacities, and advanced and intelligent software services, while fog computing can provide more optimized real-time controls for sCPS. Although cloud and fog computing can provide many advantages for sCPS, developing and integrating all these systems is challenging. This is due to the strict requirements of sCPS on one hand and the types of distributed and heterogeneous environments these systems support on the other. This paper proposes a distributed platform for cloud and fog integrated sCPS, named PsCPS. This platform can be distributed among multiple clouds, multiple fog nodes, and sCPS subsystems to provide services to relax many challenges of such integration. The proposed platform includes system and application agents that can be deployed on participating nodes to provide different services for cloud and fog integrated sCPS. These agents can be developed, implemented, controlled, and managed as a set of single agents, as multi-agent systems, or as hierarchical multi-agent systems. A prototype of the proposed platform is implemented and evaluated as well.
Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. PsCPS: A Distributed Platform for Cloud and Fog Integrated Smart Cyber-Physical Systems. IEEE Access 2018, 6, 41432 -41449.
AMA StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi, Nader Mohamed. PsCPS: A Distributed Platform for Cloud and Fog Integrated Smart Cyber-Physical Systems. IEEE Access. 2018; 6 (99):41432-41449.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJameela Al-Jaroodi; Nader Mohamed. 2018. "PsCPS: A Distributed Platform for Cloud and Fog Integrated Smart Cyber-Physical Systems." IEEE Access 6, no. 99: 41432-41449.
In this paper, we focus on the use of linear sensor networks (LSNs) to monitor underwater pipelines. We propose the use of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) to move along the pipeline and collect data from the sensor nodes (SNs). It then delivers the collected data to the surface sink at the end of the LSN or LSN segment. In turn, the surface sink transmits the collected data to the network control center (NCC) using any of the communication technologies that are available in the area such as WiMAX, cellular, and satellite. The use of the AUV for data collection allows for considerable advantages including flexibility in SN placement, considerable energy savings, and reduced interference, hidden terminal problems, and collisions. We also provide, different AUV movement strategies and analyze the effect of various network design parameters on network performance metrics such as packet delivery ratio and end-to-end delay.
Imad Jawhar; Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sheng Zhang. An Architecture for Using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles in Wireless Sensor Networks for Underwater Pipeline Monitoring. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 2018, 15, 1329 -1340.
AMA StyleImad Jawhar, Nader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Sheng Zhang. An Architecture for Using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles in Wireless Sensor Networks for Underwater Pipeline Monitoring. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. 2018; 15 (3):1329-1340.
Chicago/Turabian StyleImad Jawhar; Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sheng Zhang. 2018. "An Architecture for Using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles in Wireless Sensor Networks for Underwater Pipeline Monitoring." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 15, no. 3: 1329-1340.
Smart buildings equipped with state-of-the-art sensors and meters are becoming more common. Large quantities of data are being collected by these devices. For a single building to benefit from its own collected data, it will need to wait for a long time to collect sufficient data to build accurate models to help improve the smart buildings systems. Therefore, multiple buildings need to cooperate to amplify the benefits from the collected data and speed up the model building processes. Apparently, this is not so trivial and there are associated challenges. In this paper, we study the importance of collaborative data analytics for smart buildings, its benefits, as well as presently possible models of carrying it out. Furthermore, we present a framework for collaborative fault detection and diagnosis as a case of collaborative data analytics for smart buildings. We also provide a preliminary analysis of the energy efficiency benefit of such collaborative framework for smart buildings. The result shows that significant energy savings can be achieved for smart buildings using collaborative data analytics.
Sanja Lazarova-Molnar; Nader Mohamed. Collaborative data analytics for smart buildings: opportunities and models. Cluster Computing 2017, 22, 1065 -1077.
AMA StyleSanja Lazarova-Molnar, Nader Mohamed. Collaborative data analytics for smart buildings: opportunities and models. Cluster Computing. 2017; 22 (S1):1065-1077.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanja Lazarova-Molnar; Nader Mohamed. 2017. "Collaborative data analytics for smart buildings: opportunities and models." Cluster Computing 22, no. S1: 1065-1077.
Energy consumption in buildings is responsible for a significant portion of the total energy use and carbon emissions in large cities. One of the main approaches to reduce energy consumption and its environmental impact is to convert buildings into smart buildings using computer, software, sensor, and network technologies. Using smart building energy management systems provides intelligent procedures to control buildings’ equipment such as HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning) systems, home and office appliances, and lighting systems to reduce energy consumption while maintaining the required quality of living in all of the building’s spaces. This chapter discusses and reviews utilizing cloud computing to provide energy-related services to enhance the operations of smart buildings’ energy management systems. Cloud computing can provide many advantages for smart buildings’ energy management systems such as providing the required software models that implement different control and monitoring algorithms and providing optimization methods for more efficient energy consumption in smart buildings. This chapter will also discuss the benefits and issues of utilizing cloud computing services for enhancing energy consumption in smart buildings.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. Energy Cloud: Services for Smart Buildings. Sustainable Cloud and Energy Services 2017, 117 -134.
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. Energy Cloud: Services for Smart Buildings. Sustainable Cloud and Energy Services. 2017; ():117-134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar. 2017. "Energy Cloud: Services for Smart Buildings." Sustainable Cloud and Energy Services , no. : 117-134.
Smart cities are becoming a reality. Various aspects of modern cities are being automated and integrated with information and communication technologies to achieve higher functionality, optimized resources utilization, and management, and improved quality of life for the residents. Smart cities rely heavily on utilizing various software, hardware, and communication technologies to improve the operations in areas, such as healthcare, transportation, energy, education, logistics, and many others, while reducing costs and resources consumption. One of the promising technologies to support such efforts is the Cloud of Things (CoT). CoT provides a platform for linking the cyber parts of a smart city that are executed on the cloud with the physical parts of the smart city, including residents, vehicles, power grids, buildings, water networks, hospitals, and other resources. Another useful technology is Fog Computing, which extends the traditional Cloud Computing paradigm to the edge of the network to enable localized and real-time support for operating-enhanced smart city services. However, proper integration and efficient utilization of CoT and Fog Computing is not an easy task. This paper discusses how the service-oriented middleware (SOM) approach can help resolve some of the challenges of developing and operating smart city services using CoT and Fog Computing. We propose an SOM called SmartCityWare for effective integration and utilization of CoT and Fog Computing. SmartCityWare abstracts services and components involved in smart city applications as services accessible through the service-oriented model. This enhances integration and allows for flexible inclusion and utilization of the various services needed in a smart city application. In addition, we discuss the implementation and experimental issues of SmartCityWare and demonstrate its use through examples of smart city applications.
Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar; Sara Mahmoud. SmartCityWare: A Service-Oriented Middleware for Cloud and Fog Enabled Smart City Services. IEEE Access 2017, 5, 17576 -17588.
AMA StyleNader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi, Imad Jawhar, Sanja Lazarova-Molnar, Sara Mahmoud. SmartCityWare: A Service-Oriented Middleware for Cloud and Fog Enabled Smart City Services. IEEE Access. 2017; 5 ():17576-17588.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi; Imad Jawhar; Sanja Lazarova-Molnar; Sara Mahmoud. 2017. "SmartCityWare: A Service-Oriented Middleware for Cloud and Fog Enabled Smart City Services." IEEE Access 5, no. : 17576-17588.
The rise of smart buildings, i.e. buildings equipped with latest technology and built according to cutting-edge architectural advances, implies increased buildings’ complexity. For this reason, both new and retrofitted buildings are often susceptible to new and unforeseen faults, whose timely detection and servicing can significantly affect buildings performance. Many Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) methods are data-driven, where the quality of collected data can significantly affect the accuracy of results. However, data collection for FDD of buildings is a challenging task as needed data is not typically readily available. In this paper we focus on the data collection for FDD of smart buildings. This forms the motivation of this paper, i.e. to identify the challenges that relate to data collection processes for FDD of buildings, as well as propose workarounds of how to tackle the more important ones. Furthermore, we also look into how new technologies can be useful for this goal.
Sanja Lazarova-Molnar; Nader Mohamed. Challenges in the Data Collection for Diagnostics of Smart Buildings. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 2016, 941 -951.
AMA StyleSanja Lazarova-Molnar, Nader Mohamed. Challenges in the Data Collection for Diagnostics of Smart Buildings. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. 2016; ():941-951.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSanja Lazarova-Molnar; Nader Mohamed. 2016. "Challenges in the Data Collection for Diagnostics of Smart Buildings." Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering , no. : 941-951.
Many governments are considering adopting the smart city concept in their cities and implementing big data applications that support smart city components to reach the required level of sustainability and improve the living standards. Smart cities utilize multiple technologies to improve the performance of health, transportation, energy, education, and water services leading to higher levels of comfort of their citizens. This involves reducing costs and resource consumption in addition to more effectively and actively engaging with their citizens. One of the recent technologies that has a huge potential to enhance smart city services is big data analytics. As digitization has become an integral part of everyday life, data collection has resulted in the accumulation of huge amounts of data that can be used in various beneficial application domains. Effective analysis and utilization of big data is a key factor for success in many business and service domains, including the smart city domain. This paper reviews the applications of big data to support smart cities. It discusses and compares different definitions of the smart city and big data and explores the opportunities, challenges and benefits of incorporating big data applications for smart cities. In addition it attempts to identify the requirements that support the implementation of big data applications for smart city services. The review reveals that several opportunities are available for utilizing big data in smart cities; however, there are still many issues and challenges to be addressed to achieve better utilization of this technology.
Eiman Al Nuaimi; Hind Al Neyadi; Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi. Applications of big data to smart cities. Journal of Internet Services and Applications 2015, 6, 25 .
AMA StyleEiman Al Nuaimi, Hind Al Neyadi, Nader Mohamed, Jameela Al-Jaroodi. Applications of big data to smart cities. Journal of Internet Services and Applications. 2015; 6 (1):25.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEiman Al Nuaimi; Hind Al Neyadi; Nader Mohamed; Jameela Al-Jaroodi. 2015. "Applications of big data to smart cities." Journal of Internet Services and Applications 6, no. 1: 25.