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The new and renewable energy (NRE) policy in Korea has emerged since 1980s with varying objectives over time such as economic development, energy security, technology development, and more recently climate change and air pollution mitigation while their policy targets have always been too ambitious to achieve. This chapter articulates the success and failure story of the Korean NRE policy, reviewing its historical development and background in terms of the objective, instrument, and governance, evaluating its overall performance, and identifying possible enabling factors and barriers to the effective implementation of the policy. This chapter also draws general lessons applicable to other countries in the burgeoning stage of renewable energy policy.
Jiyong Eom; Cheolhung Cho; Gloria Jina Kim. Historical Evaluation of Korean New and Renewable Energy Policy. Renewable Energy Transition in Asia 2021, 137 -159.
AMA StyleJiyong Eom, Cheolhung Cho, Gloria Jina Kim. Historical Evaluation of Korean New and Renewable Energy Policy. Renewable Energy Transition in Asia. 2021; ():137-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiyong Eom; Cheolhung Cho; Gloria Jina Kim. 2021. "Historical Evaluation of Korean New and Renewable Energy Policy." Renewable Energy Transition in Asia , no. : 137-159.
With the raging novel coronavirus pandemic, it is all too easy to lose sight of the other wave of potential global catastrophe that is building up. Even the dramatic imagery of extreme bushfires in 2019 and 2020 seems nearly forgotten because of the superimposed health crisis. In the case of Australia, this memory fade is aided by the remarkable swing to La Niña conditions and a flip in the Indian Ocean Dipole, which together brought abundant rains that broke the previous drought of several years and actually caused major regional flooding events (but note that La Niña intensifies drought and thus intensifies the fire conditions along the US West Coast). Climate change all but slipped off the active agendas of international politics, underscoring important lessons in the nature of global crises, crisis communication and governance [1].
Eelco J Rohling; Molly Brown; Hallie Eakin; Jiyong Eom; Anna S von der Heydt. Rationale and remit of Oxford Open Climate Change. Oxford Open Climate Change 2021, 1, 1 .
AMA StyleEelco J Rohling, Molly Brown, Hallie Eakin, Jiyong Eom, Anna S von der Heydt. Rationale and remit of Oxford Open Climate Change. Oxford Open Climate Change. 2021; 1 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEelco J Rohling; Molly Brown; Hallie Eakin; Jiyong Eom; Anna S von der Heydt. 2021. "Rationale and remit of Oxford Open Climate Change." Oxford Open Climate Change 1, no. 1: 1.
Although numerous studies have examined the economic benefits of demand response programs, the environmental impacts of such programs have been relatively underexplored. This study assesses the impact of demand resource bidding on the wholesale energy market and the environment, based on three years of high temporal-resolution data from Korea. In this demand resource bidding program, successful bidders were paid the system marginal price for reducing their electrical load at a given hour, which in turn reduced the generation of power from various technologies. This investigation of how carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions from existing power systems changed with the introduction of the demand bidding program finds that the program altered the system operator's electricity generation portfolio and marginally abated carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions from the power sector. It also shows that the environmental impact of the program varied over the course of the day and the year. The modest but statistically significant environmental impact of the demand resource bidding program points to the importance of including electricity demand resources in the discussion and development of energy and environmental policies for the power sector.
Minwoo Hyun; Yeong Jae Kim; Jiyong Eom. Assessing the impact of a demand-resource bidding market on an electricity generation portfolio and the environment. Energy Policy 2020, 147, 111918 .
AMA StyleMinwoo Hyun, Yeong Jae Kim, Jiyong Eom. Assessing the impact of a demand-resource bidding market on an electricity generation portfolio and the environment. Energy Policy. 2020; 147 ():111918.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMinwoo Hyun; Yeong Jae Kim; Jiyong Eom. 2020. "Assessing the impact of a demand-resource bidding market on an electricity generation portfolio and the environment." Energy Policy 147, no. : 111918.
In response to acute environmental stresses such as air pollution, households may resort to quick and convenient adaptation measures that increase energy use, amplifying the environmental impact and requiring additional adaptation. This cycle of energy-intensive adaptation has so far received little consideration by the broader energy community. Here, we analyse the response of Korean households to PM2.5 (ultrafine dust), based on real-time hourly smart meter data. We show that a 75 μg m–3 increase in PM2.5 concentration led to an 11.2% increase in electricity consumption, equivalent to the impact of a 3.5 °C increase in the average summer temperature. The magnitude of the energy-intensive adaptation correlated with households’ lifestyles and was higher on weekends and during daytime hours on both weekdays and weekends. The responses also reflected seasonal differences and had a U-shape relationship with temperature. We illustrate the importance of integrating the broader impacts of air pollution into policymaking to strike a proper balance between its mitigation and adaptation. The impact of energy consumption on air pollution in various forms has been studied extensively though less is known about how ambient air pollution affects energy use. Here, Eom et al. show how ambient air pollution increases domestic energy use in South Korea.
Jiyong Eom; Minwoo Hyun; Jaewoong Lee; Hyoseop Lee. Increase in household energy consumption due to ambient air pollution. Nature Energy 2020, 5, 976 -984.
AMA StyleJiyong Eom, Minwoo Hyun, Jaewoong Lee, Hyoseop Lee. Increase in household energy consumption due to ambient air pollution. Nature Energy. 2020; 5 (12):976-984.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiyong Eom; Minwoo Hyun; Jaewoong Lee; Hyoseop Lee. 2020. "Increase in household energy consumption due to ambient air pollution." Nature Energy 5, no. 12: 976-984.
Achieving the dual goal of improved environmental and financial performance has become a universal business concern. Our study distinguishes between firms’ environmental behaviors and their environmental performance, a distinction that has been largely disregarded in previous empirical studies that analyze the association between environmental performance and financial performance. As an improvement in environmental performance itself does not necessarily guarantee positive financial returns, our study pays particular attention to the value-added nature of preemptive environmental activities, investigating the effects of plant-level pollution prevention activities (PPAs) on environmental performance and financial performance in terms of cost competitiveness and market valuation. Drawing on detailed environmental information about 18,743 chemical plants in the U.S. and analyzing a multi-level panel dataset constructed bottom-up from plant-level data to their parent firms’ performance data, we find that more intensive PPAs are associated with both superior environmental performance and improved cost competitiveness but do not necessarily lead to higher market valuation. Our study illuminates the specific environmental activities and conditions linked to environmental and financial performance, thereby offering managers practical guidance in pursuing both sustainable and profitable businesses under increasingly stringent environmental standards.
Soyoung Yoo; Jiyong Eom; Ingoo Han. Too Costly to Disregard: The Cost Competitiveness of Environmental Operating Practices. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5971 .
AMA StyleSoyoung Yoo, Jiyong Eom, Ingoo Han. Too Costly to Disregard: The Cost Competitiveness of Environmental Operating Practices. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (15):5971.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoyoung Yoo; Jiyong Eom; Ingoo Han. 2020. "Too Costly to Disregard: The Cost Competitiveness of Environmental Operating Practices." Sustainability 12, no. 15: 5971.
The recent rapid transition in energy markets and technological advances in demand-side interventions has renewed attention on consumer behavior. A rich literature on potential factors affecting residential energy use or green technology adoption has highlighted the need to better understand the fundamental causes of consumer heterogeneity in buildings’ energy-related behavior. Unresolved questions such as which consumers are most likely to opt into demand-side management programs and what factors might explain the wide variation in behavioral responses to such programs make it difficult for policy-makers to develop cost-effective energy efficiency or demand response programs for residential buildings. This study extends the literature on involvement theory and energy-related behavior by proposing a holistic construct of household energy involvement (HEI) to represent consumers’ personal level of interest in energy services. Based on a survey of 5487 Korean households, it finds that HEI has a stronger association with consumer values, such as preferences for indoor thermal comfort and automation, than with socioeconomic or housing characteristics and demonstrates HEI’s potential as a reliable, integrated predictor of both energy consumption and energy-efficient purchases. The study illuminates the multifaceted influences that shape energy-related behavior in residential buildings and offers new tools to help utility regulators identify and profile viable market segments, improve the cost-effectiveness of their programs, and eventually promote urban sustainability.
Soyoung Yoo; Jiyong Eom; Ingoo Han. Factors Driving Consumer Involvement in Energy Consumption and Energy-Efficient Purchasing Behavior: Evidence from Korean Residential Buildings. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5573 .
AMA StyleSoyoung Yoo, Jiyong Eom, Ingoo Han. Factors Driving Consumer Involvement in Energy Consumption and Energy-Efficient Purchasing Behavior: Evidence from Korean Residential Buildings. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5573.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoyoung Yoo; Jiyong Eom; Ingoo Han. 2020. "Factors Driving Consumer Involvement in Energy Consumption and Energy-Efficient Purchasing Behavior: Evidence from Korean Residential Buildings." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5573.
The bottom-up model of the industrial energy system has hitherto been analyzed using linear programming. However, it has limitations in describing practical technology selection and reproducing base-year technology selection. Positive mathematical programming, which provides an interior solution without any subjective constraints, can be considered as an alternative method that overcomes the limitations of linear programming when constructing a bottom-up model of the industry sector. The purpose of this study is to apply positive mathematical programming and identify the plausibility of using it in a forward-looking optimization model of the industry sector. A bottom-up model based on positive mathematical programming has the advantages of avoiding impractical technology selection in the industry sector, describing more flexible reactions to external changes, and calibrating base-year technology selection without subjective constraints. Although optimal solutions and simulation responses are dependent on parameter identification, the dependence of positive mathematical programming on the identification method can be lower than that of linear programming on the subjective constraints.
Hwarang Lee; Jiyong Eom; Cheolhung Cho; Yoonmo Koo. A bottom-up model of industrial energy system with positive mathematical programming. Energy 2019, 173, 679 -690.
AMA StyleHwarang Lee, Jiyong Eom, Cheolhung Cho, Yoonmo Koo. A bottom-up model of industrial energy system with positive mathematical programming. Energy. 2019; 173 ():679-690.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHwarang Lee; Jiyong Eom; Cheolhung Cho; Yoonmo Koo. 2019. "A bottom-up model of industrial energy system with positive mathematical programming." Energy 173, no. : 679-690.
Manufacturing operations are constantly encouraged to include energy-efficient practices into their plant operations, including through rebate programs that provide monetary rewards for firms who purchase and employ energy-efficient equipment in their facilities. This article presents a novel methodology for analyzing the cascading economic and environmental effects of an electric utility company's industrial energy-efficiency rebate programs and applies it to the case of a local utility located in the U.S. state of Ohio. It examines the utility's industrial rebate programs for lighting, motor, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems and estimates the economic and environmental impacts of the programs using an input-output modeling framework. All three rebate programs provided a modest economic boost not only to directly involved equipment manufacturers and marketing service providers, but also to other upstream industries responding to the direct impact and the final demand augmented by the associated increase in value added in the regional economy. Emissions avoided as a result of electricity savings were found to outweigh additional emissions generated from the production of the energy-efficiency equipment in the region throughout the program years. However, if the full equipment purchase data were made available, the amount of added CO2 emissions would be larger.
Jun-Ki Choi; Jiyong Eom; Emma McClory. Economic and environmental impacts of local utility-delivered industrial energy-efficiency rebate programs. Energy Policy 2018, 123, 289 -298.
AMA StyleJun-Ki Choi, Jiyong Eom, Emma McClory. Economic and environmental impacts of local utility-delivered industrial energy-efficiency rebate programs. Energy Policy. 2018; 123 ():289-298.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJun-Ki Choi; Jiyong Eom; Emma McClory. 2018. "Economic and environmental impacts of local utility-delivered industrial energy-efficiency rebate programs." Energy Policy 123, no. : 289-298.
Leon Clarke; Jiyong Eom; Elke Hodson Marten; Russell Horowitz; Page Kyle; Robert Link; Bryan K. Mignone; Anupriya Mundra; Yuyu Zhou. Effects of long-term climate change on global building energy expenditures. Energy Economics 2018, 72, 667 -677.
AMA StyleLeon Clarke, Jiyong Eom, Elke Hodson Marten, Russell Horowitz, Page Kyle, Robert Link, Bryan K. Mignone, Anupriya Mundra, Yuyu Zhou. Effects of long-term climate change on global building energy expenditures. Energy Economics. 2018; 72 ():667-677.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLeon Clarke; Jiyong Eom; Elke Hodson Marten; Russell Horowitz; Page Kyle; Robert Link; Bryan K. Mignone; Anupriya Mundra; Yuyu Zhou. 2018. "Effects of long-term climate change on global building energy expenditures." Energy Economics 72, no. : 667-677.
Dongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Min Jae Park; Jae Jeung Rho. Corrigendum to ‘Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on korean commercial and industrial customers’ [Energy Policy 88 (2016) 11–26]. Energy Policy 2018, 112, 371 .
AMA StyleDongsik Jang, Jiyong Eom, Min Jae Park, Jae Jeung Rho. Corrigendum to ‘Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on korean commercial and industrial customers’ [Energy Policy 88 (2016) 11–26]. Energy Policy. 2018; 112 ():371.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Min Jae Park; Jae Jeung Rho. 2018. "Corrigendum to ‘Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on korean commercial and industrial customers’ [Energy Policy 88 (2016) 11–26]." Energy Policy 112, no. : 371.
Wenliang Li; Yuyu Zhou; Kristen Cetin; Jiyong Eom; Yu Wang; Gang Chen; Xuesong Zhang. Modeling urban building energy use: A review of modeling approaches and procedures. Energy 2017, 141, 2445 -2457.
AMA StyleWenliang Li, Yuyu Zhou, Kristen Cetin, Jiyong Eom, Yu Wang, Gang Chen, Xuesong Zhang. Modeling urban building energy use: A review of modeling approaches and procedures. Energy. 2017; 141 ():2445-2457.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenliang Li; Yuyu Zhou; Kristen Cetin; Jiyong Eom; Yu Wang; Gang Chen; Xuesong Zhang. 2017. "Modeling urban building energy use: A review of modeling approaches and procedures." Energy 141, no. : 2445-2457.
This paper presents the overview of the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) and their energy, land use, and emissions implications. The SSPs are part of a new scenario framework, established by the climate change research community in order to facilitate the integrated analysis of future climate impacts, vulnerabilities, adaptation, and mitigation. The pathways were developed over the last years as a joint community effort and describe plausible major global developments that together would lead in the future to different challenges for mitigation and adaptation to climate change. The SSPs are based on five narratives describing alternative socio-economic developments, including sustainable development, regional rivalry, inequality, fossil-fueled development, and middle-of-the-road development. The long-term demographic and economic projections of the SSPs depict a wide uncertainty range consistent with the scenario literature. A multi-model approach was used for the elaboration of the energy, land-use and the emissions trajectories of SSP-based scenarios. The baseline scenarios lead to global energy consumption of 400–1200 EJ in 2100, and feature vastly different land-use dynamics, ranging from a possible reduction in cropland area up to a massive expansion by more than 700 million hectares by 2100. The associated annual CO2 emissions of the baseline scenarios range from about 25 GtCO2 to more than 120 GtCO2 per year by 2100. With respect to mitigation, we find that associated costs strongly depend on three factors: (1) the policy assumptions, (2) the socio-economic narrative, and (3) the stringency of the target. The carbon price for reaching the target of 2.6W/m2 that is consistent with a temperature change limit of 2°C, differs in our analysis thus by about a factor of three across the SSP marker scenarios. Moreover, many models could not reach this target from the SSPs with high mitigation challenges. While the SSPs were designed to represent different mitigation and adaptation challenges, the resulting narratives and quantifications span a wide range of different futures broadly representative of the current literature. This allows their subsequent use and development in new assessments and research projects. Critical next steps for the community scenario process will, among others, involve regional and sectoral extensions, further elaboration of the adaptation and impacts dimension, as well as employing the SSP scenarios with the new generation of earth system models as part of the 6th climate model intercomparison project (CMIP6)
Keywan Riahi; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Elmar Kriegler; Jae Edmonds; Brian C. O’Neill; Shinichiro Fujimori; Nico Bauer; Katherine Calvin; Rob Dellink; Oliver Fricko; Wolfgang Lutz; Alexander Popp; Jesus Crespo Cuaresma; Samir Kc; Marian Leimbach; Leiwen Jiang; Tom Kram; Shilpa Rao; Johannes Emmerling; Kristie Ebi; Tomoko Hasegawa; Petr Havlik; Florian Humpenöder; Lara Aleluia Da Silva; Steven Smith; Elke Stehfest; Valentina Bosetti; Jiyong Eom; David Gernaat; Toshihiko Masui; Joeri Rogelj; Jessica Strefler; Laurent Drouet; Volker Krey; Gunnar Luderer; Mathijs Harmsen; Kiyoshi Takahashi; Lavinia Baumstark; Jonathan C. Doelman; Mikiko Kainuma; Zbigniew Klimont; Giacomo Marangoni; Hermann Lotze-Campen; Michael Obersteiner; Andrzej Tabeau; Massimo Tavoni. The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview. Global Environmental Change 2017, 42, 153 -168.
AMA StyleKeywan Riahi, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Elmar Kriegler, Jae Edmonds, Brian C. O’Neill, Shinichiro Fujimori, Nico Bauer, Katherine Calvin, Rob Dellink, Oliver Fricko, Wolfgang Lutz, Alexander Popp, Jesus Crespo Cuaresma, Samir Kc, Marian Leimbach, Leiwen Jiang, Tom Kram, Shilpa Rao, Johannes Emmerling, Kristie Ebi, Tomoko Hasegawa, Petr Havlik, Florian Humpenöder, Lara Aleluia Da Silva, Steven Smith, Elke Stehfest, Valentina Bosetti, Jiyong Eom, David Gernaat, Toshihiko Masui, Joeri Rogelj, Jessica Strefler, Laurent Drouet, Volker Krey, Gunnar Luderer, Mathijs Harmsen, Kiyoshi Takahashi, Lavinia Baumstark, Jonathan C. Doelman, Mikiko Kainuma, Zbigniew Klimont, Giacomo Marangoni, Hermann Lotze-Campen, Michael Obersteiner, Andrzej Tabeau, Massimo Tavoni. The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview. Global Environmental Change. 2017; 42 ():153-168.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKeywan Riahi; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Elmar Kriegler; Jae Edmonds; Brian C. O’Neill; Shinichiro Fujimori; Nico Bauer; Katherine Calvin; Rob Dellink; Oliver Fricko; Wolfgang Lutz; Alexander Popp; Jesus Crespo Cuaresma; Samir Kc; Marian Leimbach; Leiwen Jiang; Tom Kram; Shilpa Rao; Johannes Emmerling; Kristie Ebi; Tomoko Hasegawa; Petr Havlik; Florian Humpenöder; Lara Aleluia Da Silva; Steven Smith; Elke Stehfest; Valentina Bosetti; Jiyong Eom; David Gernaat; Toshihiko Masui; Joeri Rogelj; Jessica Strefler; Laurent Drouet; Volker Krey; Gunnar Luderer; Mathijs Harmsen; Kiyoshi Takahashi; Lavinia Baumstark; Jonathan C. Doelman; Mikiko Kainuma; Zbigniew Klimont; Giacomo Marangoni; Hermann Lotze-Campen; Michael Obersteiner; Andrzej Tabeau; Massimo Tavoni. 2017. "The Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and their energy, land use, and greenhouse gas emissions implications: An overview." Global Environmental Change 42, no. : 153-168.
Energy is crucial for supporting basic human needs, development and well-being. The future evolution of the scale and character of the energy system will be fundamentally shaped by socioeconomic conditions and drivers, available energy resources, technologies of energy supply and transformation, and end-use energy demand. However, because energy-related activities are significant sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and other environmental and social externalities, energy system development will also be influenced by social acceptance and strategic policy choices. All of these uncertainties have important implications for many aspects of economic and environmental sustainability, and climate change in particular. In the Shared-Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) framework these uncertainties are structured into five narratives, arranged according to the challenges to climate change mitigation and adaptation. In this study we explore future energy sector developments across the five SSPs using Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), and we also provide summary output and analysis for selected scenarios of global emissions mitigation policies. The mitigation challenge strongly corresponds with global baseline energy sector growth over the 21st century, which varies between 40% and 230% depending on final energy consumer behavior, technological improvements, resource availability and policies. The future baseline CO2-emission range is even larger, as the most energy-intensive SSP also incorporates a comparatively high share of carbon-intensive fossil fuels, and vice versa. Inter-regional disparities in the SSPs are consistent with the underlying socioeconomic assumptions; these differences are particularly strong in the SSPs with large adaptation challenges, which have little inter-regional convergence in long-term income and final energy demand levels. The scenarios presented do not include feedbacks of climate change on energy sector development. The energy sector SSPs with and without emissions mitigation policies are introduced and analyzed here in order to contribute to future research in climate sciences, mitigation analysis, and studies on impacts, adaptation and vulnerability
Nico Bauer; Katherine Calvin; Johannes Emmerling; Oliver Fricko; Shinichiro Fujimori; Jérôme Hilaire; Jiyong Eom; Volker Krey; Elmar Kriegler; Ioanna Mouratiadou; Harmen Sytze De Boer; Maarten Van Den Berg; Samuel Carrara; Vassilis Daioglou; Laurent Drouet; James E. Edmonds; David Gernaat; Petr Havlik; Nils Johnson; David Klein; Page Kyle; Giacomo Marangoni; Toshihiko Masui; Robert Pietzcker; Manfred Strubegger; Marshall Wise; Keywan Riahi; Detlef P. Van Vuuren. Shared Socio-Economic Pathways of the Energy Sector – Quantifying the Narratives. Global Environmental Change 2017, 42, 316 -330.
AMA StyleNico Bauer, Katherine Calvin, Johannes Emmerling, Oliver Fricko, Shinichiro Fujimori, Jérôme Hilaire, Jiyong Eom, Volker Krey, Elmar Kriegler, Ioanna Mouratiadou, Harmen Sytze De Boer, Maarten Van Den Berg, Samuel Carrara, Vassilis Daioglou, Laurent Drouet, James E. Edmonds, David Gernaat, Petr Havlik, Nils Johnson, David Klein, Page Kyle, Giacomo Marangoni, Toshihiko Masui, Robert Pietzcker, Manfred Strubegger, Marshall Wise, Keywan Riahi, Detlef P. Van Vuuren. Shared Socio-Economic Pathways of the Energy Sector – Quantifying the Narratives. Global Environmental Change. 2017; 42 ():316-330.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNico Bauer; Katherine Calvin; Johannes Emmerling; Oliver Fricko; Shinichiro Fujimori; Jérôme Hilaire; Jiyong Eom; Volker Krey; Elmar Kriegler; Ioanna Mouratiadou; Harmen Sytze De Boer; Maarten Van Den Berg; Samuel Carrara; Vassilis Daioglou; Laurent Drouet; James E. Edmonds; David Gernaat; Petr Havlik; Nils Johnson; David Klein; Page Kyle; Giacomo Marangoni; Toshihiko Masui; Robert Pietzcker; Manfred Strubegger; Marshall Wise; Keywan Riahi; Detlef P. Van Vuuren. 2017. "Shared Socio-Economic Pathways of the Energy Sector – Quantifying the Narratives." Global Environmental Change 42, no. : 316-330.
Five new scenarios, or Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs), have been developed, spanning a range of challenges to mitigation and challenges to adaptation. The Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 4 (SSP4), “Inequality” or “A Road Divided,” is one of these scenarios, characterized by low challenges to mitigation and high challenges to adaptation. We describe, in quantitative terms, the SSP4 as implemented by the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM), the marker model for this scenario. We use demographic and economic assumptions, in combination with technology and non-climate policy assumptions to develop a quantitative representation of energy, land-use and land-cover, and emissions consistent with the SSP4 narrative. The scenario is one with stark differences within and across regions. High-income regions prosper, continuing to increase their demand for energy and food. Electrification increases in these regions, with the increased generation being met by nuclear and renewables. Low-income regions, however, stagnate due to limited economic growth. Growth in total consumption is dominated by increases in population, not increases in per capita consumption. Due to failures in energy access policies, these regions continue to depend on traditional biofuels, leading to high pollutant emissions. Declining dependence on fossil fuels in all regions means that total radiative forcing absent the inclusion of mitigation or impacts only reaches 6.4 W m−2 in 2100, making this a world with relatively low challenges to mitigation. We explore the effects of mitigation effort on the SSP4 world, finding that the imposition of a carbon price has a varied effect across regions. In particular, the SSP4 mitigation scenarios are characterized by afforestation in the high-income regions and deforestation in the low-income regions. Furthermore, we find that the SSP4 is a world with low challenges to mitigation, but only to a point due to incomplete mitigation of land-related emissions.
Katherine Calvin; Benjamin Bond-Lamberty; Leon Clarke; James Edmonds; Jiyong Eom; Corinne Hartin; Sonny Kim; Page Kyle; Robert Link; Richard Moss; Haewon McJeon; Pralit Patel; Steven Smith; Stephanie Waldhoff; Marshall Wise. The SSP4: A world of deepening inequality. Global Environmental Change 2016, 42, 284 -296.
AMA StyleKatherine Calvin, Benjamin Bond-Lamberty, Leon Clarke, James Edmonds, Jiyong Eom, Corinne Hartin, Sonny Kim, Page Kyle, Robert Link, Richard Moss, Haewon McJeon, Pralit Patel, Steven Smith, Stephanie Waldhoff, Marshall Wise. The SSP4: A world of deepening inequality. Global Environmental Change. 2016; 42 ():284-296.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKatherine Calvin; Benjamin Bond-Lamberty; Leon Clarke; James Edmonds; Jiyong Eom; Corinne Hartin; Sonny Kim; Page Kyle; Robert Link; Richard Moss; Haewon McJeon; Pralit Patel; Steven Smith; Stephanie Waldhoff; Marshall Wise. 2016. "The SSP4: A world of deepening inequality." Global Environmental Change 42, no. : 284-296.
Dongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Min Jae Park; Jae Jeung Rho. Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on Korean commercial and industrial customers. Energy Policy 2016, 88, 11 -26.
AMA StyleDongsik Jang, Jiyong Eom, Min Jae Park, Jae Jeung Rho. Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on Korean commercial and industrial customers. Energy Policy. 2016; 88 ():11-26.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Min Jae Park; Jae Jeung Rho. 2016. "Variability of electricity load patterns and its effect on demand response: A critical peak pricing experiment on Korean commercial and industrial customers." Energy Policy 88, no. : 11-26.
International audienceWe provide a rejoinder to a review (Rosen, 2015) of our original article "Making or breaking climate targets - the AMPERE study on staged accession scenarios for climate policy" (Kriegler et al., 2015a). We have a substantial disagreement with the content of the review, and feel that it is plagued by a number of misconceptions about the nature of the AMPERE study and the integrated assessment modeling approach employed by it. We therefore see this rejoinder as an opportunity to clarify these misconceptions and advance the debate by providing a clearer understanding of the strengths, weaknesses, and ultimately the value of integrated assessment. © 2015 Elsevier Inc
Elmar Kriegler; Keywan Riahi; Nico Bauer; Valeria Jana Schwanitz; Nils Petermann; Valentina Bosetti; Adriana Marcucci; Sander Otto; Leonidas Paroussos; Shilpa Rao-Skirbekk; Tabaré Arroyo Currás; Shuichi Ashina; Johannes Bollen; Jiyong Eom; Meriem Hamdi-Cherif; Thomas Longden; Alban Kitous; Aurélie Méjean; Fuminori Sano; Michiel Schaeffer; Kenichi Wada; Pantelis Capros; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Ottmar Edenhofer; Christoph Bertram; Ruben Bibas; Jae Edmonds; Nils Johnson; Volker Krey; Gunnar Luderer; David McCollum; Kejun Jiang. A short note on integrated assessment modeling approaches: Rejoinder to the review of “Making or breaking climate targets — The AMPERE study on staged accession scenarios for climate policy”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2015, 99, 273 -276.
AMA StyleElmar Kriegler, Keywan Riahi, Nico Bauer, Valeria Jana Schwanitz, Nils Petermann, Valentina Bosetti, Adriana Marcucci, Sander Otto, Leonidas Paroussos, Shilpa Rao-Skirbekk, Tabaré Arroyo Currás, Shuichi Ashina, Johannes Bollen, Jiyong Eom, Meriem Hamdi-Cherif, Thomas Longden, Alban Kitous, Aurélie Méjean, Fuminori Sano, Michiel Schaeffer, Kenichi Wada, Pantelis Capros, Detlef P. van Vuuren, Ottmar Edenhofer, Christoph Bertram, Ruben Bibas, Jae Edmonds, Nils Johnson, Volker Krey, Gunnar Luderer, David McCollum, Kejun Jiang. A short note on integrated assessment modeling approaches: Rejoinder to the review of “Making or breaking climate targets — The AMPERE study on staged accession scenarios for climate policy”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2015; 99 ():273-276.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElmar Kriegler; Keywan Riahi; Nico Bauer; Valeria Jana Schwanitz; Nils Petermann; Valentina Bosetti; Adriana Marcucci; Sander Otto; Leonidas Paroussos; Shilpa Rao-Skirbekk; Tabaré Arroyo Currás; Shuichi Ashina; Johannes Bollen; Jiyong Eom; Meriem Hamdi-Cherif; Thomas Longden; Alban Kitous; Aurélie Méjean; Fuminori Sano; Michiel Schaeffer; Kenichi Wada; Pantelis Capros; Detlef P. van Vuuren; Ottmar Edenhofer; Christoph Bertram; Ruben Bibas; Jae Edmonds; Nils Johnson; Volker Krey; Gunnar Luderer; David McCollum; Kejun Jiang. 2015. "A short note on integrated assessment modeling approaches: Rejoinder to the review of “Making or breaking climate targets — The AMPERE study on staged accession scenarios for climate policy”." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 99, no. : 273-276.
Xiang Yin; Wenying Chen; Jiyong Eom; Leon E. Clarke; Son H. Kim; Pralit L. Patel; Sha Yu; G. Page Kyle. China's transportation energy consumption and CO2 emissions from a global perspective. Energy Policy 2015, 82, 233 -248.
AMA StyleXiang Yin, Wenying Chen, Jiyong Eom, Leon E. Clarke, Son H. Kim, Pralit L. Patel, Sha Yu, G. Page Kyle. China's transportation energy consumption and CO2 emissions from a global perspective. Energy Policy. 2015; 82 ():233-248.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiang Yin; Wenying Chen; Jiyong Eom; Leon E. Clarke; Son H. Kim; Pralit L. Patel; Sha Yu; G. Page Kyle. 2015. "China's transportation energy consumption and CO2 emissions from a global perspective." Energy Policy 82, no. : 233-248.
The electric power sector both affects and is affected by climate change. Numerous studies highlight the potential of the power sector to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Yet fewer studies have explored the physical impacts of climate change on the power sector. The present analysis examines how projected rising temperatures affect the demand for and supply of electricity. We apply a common set of temperature projections to three well-known electric sector models in the United States: the US version of the Global Change Assessment Model (GCAM-USA), the Regional Electricity Deployment System model (ReEDS), and the Integrated Planning Model (IPM®). Incorporating the effects of rising temperatures from a control scenario without emission mitigation into the models raises electricity demand by 1.6 to 6.5 % in 2050 with similar changes in emissions. The increase in system costs in the reference scenario to meet this additional demand is comparable to the change in system costs associated with decreasing power sector emissions by approximately 50 % in 2050. This result underscores the importance of adequately incorporating the effects of long-run temperature change in climate policy analysis.
James McFarland; Yuyu Zhou; Leon Clarke; Patrick Sullivan; Jesse Colman; Wendy S. Jaglom; Michelle Colley; Pralit Patel; Jiyon Eom; Son H. Kim; G. Page Kyle; Peter Schultz; Boddu Venkatesh; Juanita Haydel; Charlotte Mack; Jared Creason; Jiyong Eom. Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: a multi-model comparison. Climatic Change 2015, 131, 111 -125.
AMA StyleJames McFarland, Yuyu Zhou, Leon Clarke, Patrick Sullivan, Jesse Colman, Wendy S. Jaglom, Michelle Colley, Pralit Patel, Jiyon Eom, Son H. Kim, G. Page Kyle, Peter Schultz, Boddu Venkatesh, Juanita Haydel, Charlotte Mack, Jared Creason, Jiyong Eom. Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: a multi-model comparison. Climatic Change. 2015; 131 (1):111-125.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJames McFarland; Yuyu Zhou; Leon Clarke; Patrick Sullivan; Jesse Colman; Wendy S. Jaglom; Michelle Colley; Pralit Patel; Jiyon Eom; Son H. Kim; G. Page Kyle; Peter Schultz; Boddu Venkatesh; Juanita Haydel; Charlotte Mack; Jared Creason; Jiyong Eom. 2015. "Impacts of rising air temperatures and emissions mitigation on electricity demand and supply in the United States: a multi-model comparison." Climatic Change 131, no. 1: 111-125.
Dongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Moon Gyu Kim; Jae Jeung Rho. Demand responses of Korean commercial and industrial businesses to critical peak pricing of electricity. Journal of Cleaner Production 2015, 90, 275 -290.
AMA StyleDongsik Jang, Jiyong Eom, Moon Gyu Kim, Jae Jeung Rho. Demand responses of Korean commercial and industrial businesses to critical peak pricing of electricity. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2015; 90 ():275-290.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongsik Jang; Jiyong Eom; Moon Gyu Kim; Jae Jeung Rho. 2015. "Demand responses of Korean commercial and industrial businesses to critical peak pricing of electricity." Journal of Cleaner Production 90, no. : 275-290.
Stringent long-term climate targets necessitate a limit on cumulative emissions in this century for which sufficient policy signals are lacking. Using nine energy-economy models, we explore how policies pursued during the next two decades impact long-term transformation pathways towards stringent long-term climate targets. Less stringent near-term policies (i.e., those with larger emissions) consume more of the long-term cumulative emissions budget in the 2010–2030 period, which increases the likelihood of overshooting the budget and the urgency of reducing GHG emissions after 2030. Furthermore, the larger near-term GHG emissions associated with less stringent policies are generated primarily by additional coal-based electricity generation. Therefore, to be successful in meeting the long-term target despite near-term emissions reductions that are weaker than those implied by cost-optimal mitigation pathways, models must prematurely retire significant coal capacity while rapidly ramping up low-carbon technologies between 2030 and 2050 and remove large quantities of CO2 from the atmosphere in the latter half of the century. While increased energy efficiency lowers mitigation costs considerably, even with weak near-term policies, it does not substantially reduce the short-term reliance on coal electricity. However, increased energy efficiency does allow the energy system more flexibility in mitigating emissions and, thus, facilitates the post-2030 transition
Christoph Bertram; Nils Johnson; Gunnar Luderer; Keywan Riahi; Morna Isaac; Jiyong Eom. Carbon lock-in through capital stock inertia associated with weak near-term climate policies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2015, 90, 62 -72.
AMA StyleChristoph Bertram, Nils Johnson, Gunnar Luderer, Keywan Riahi, Morna Isaac, Jiyong Eom. Carbon lock-in through capital stock inertia associated with weak near-term climate policies. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2015; 90 ():62-72.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristoph Bertram; Nils Johnson; Gunnar Luderer; Keywan Riahi; Morna Isaac; Jiyong Eom. 2015. "Carbon lock-in through capital stock inertia associated with weak near-term climate policies." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 90, no. : 62-72.