The paper examines differentiation business strategies in food production in Braničevo-Podunavlje region (Serbia). The research methodology includes survey research focused on the producers engaged in the production of value-added agricultural products, which have a greater potential for differentiation and branding. A range of survey indicators enable farmers and entrepreneurs of differentiated products to emphasize key success factors, detect barriers, and generate business ideas and innovations. Survey research was conducted in the period December 2018–January 2019, among 67 farmers, legal entities, and unincorporated enterprises−producers of high-quality niche food products in Braničevo–Podunavlje region. Results of the research indicated vegetable and fruit processing, beekeeping, and milk processing as sectors of the most promising value-added food products, including those that form the region’s basket of products. The study’s findings should contribute to the development of differentiated business models in the food sector and strengthening their role in smart regional development.

The increasing global population and urbanization have led to a growing interest in urban farming to provide sustainable food production. Indoor smart gardens, a new form of urban farming, have emerged as an innovative and technology-based solution to urban agriculture. This paper explores the role of indoor smart gardens in modern urban farming and their potential impact on food production, environmental sustainability, and human health. Consequently, comparison was used of traditional outdoor farming vs. indoor smart gardening. Also, a comparative study was conducted using the case study of two leading brands of indoor smart gardens: Aerogarden and Click & Grow. The research’s results show that smart gardens have significant potential to revolutionize urban farming practices and address the growing demand for food production in urban areas. Our review of the literature and case study showed that smart gardens can significantly increase food production, improve environmental sustainability, and enhance human health in urban areas.

Purpose - Digital transformation in the sector of rural tourism, along with the digital literacy of farmers, is increasingly becoming an imperative for the successful operation of rural tourist households. However, research in this field is scarce in Serbia, which motivated the authors to explore it in more detail. The aim of the research was to examine the awareness of the members of rural tourist households of the need and importance of possessing digital literacy for managing the tourist offer, as well as to study the factors affecting this awareness. Methodology - We used online survey research and a semi-structured questionnaire designed for these needs. The sample involved 131 rural tourist households. Conclusions were drawn using descriptive statistics and non-parametric statistical technique for comparing groups Kruskal-Wallis test. Findings - Members of rural tourist households in Serbia are highly aware of the need and importance of digital literacy for performing tasks in the field of rural tourism. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that only the respondents' attitude towards the importance of marketing for rural tourism development had a statistically significant effect on these attitudes (p=0.000). Implications - Despite the subjectivity inherent in this research, the obtained results enrich scientific knowledge in this field and provide useful information for practitioners and policymakers in the areas of rural development and rural tourism.

Poljoprivreda je jedan od stubova ekonomskog razvoja Republike Srbije, a njen značaj za nacionalnu ekonomiju, pored ekonomske ima i socijalnu i ekološku komponentu. Međutim, pored velikog potencijala u sektoru poljoprivredne proizvodnje koji je rezultat povoljnih klimatskih uslova, prirodnih karakteristika zemljišta i raspoloživih vodnih resursa, on nije optimalno iskorišćen. Upravo zbog ovakvog potencijala poljoprivreda u Srbiji ne predstavlja običnu privrednu granu, budući da je u svim opštinskim ili regionalnim strategijama definisana kao jedan od strateških pravaca razvoja. Međutim, uspešno uključivanje u međunarodno tržište ograničava nedovoljan asortiman prehrambenih proizvoda u odnosu na aktuelnu ponudu u razvijenom svetu, pri čemu je zapostavljeno istraživanje za veće iskorišćenje postojećih kapaciteta kroz uvođenja novih linija i proizvoda. Kao ograničavajući faktor ističe se osciliranje kvaliteta tržišnih proizvoda kako zbog nepostojanja standarda tako i zbog nepoštovanja i nedovoljne kontrole postojećih standarda. Takođe, sporo je prilagođavanje tržišnim kriterijumima poslovanja koji se baziraju na uvođenju savremenih sistema menadžmenta i marketinga. Nedovoljna predvidivost u poslovanju prehrambene industrije uslovljena je nepostojanjem dugoročnih ugovornih odnosa između prehrambene industrije i proizvođača sirovina, kao i nepostojanjem tržišne integrisanosti, primarne poljoprivredne proizvodnje i industrije koja za svoj input koristi upravo poljoprivredne proizvode.

The development of modern industry and the system of factory work, together with a large migration of people across oceans and continents, especially during the nineteenth and early twentieth century, has led to major changes in the way people work and do business. The economy shifted from agriculture and family cooperatives to the urban, the industrial organization. The impact of these changes on individuals, professionals, families, communities and the environment, as well as the rise of a new class of wealthy business leaders, but also new areas of poverty, have led to increased reporting of ethical debate. At the same time, if someone has a clear interest in a given company, then to its employees, whose lives and professional careers closely associated with it. Business ethics pays attention to employees (including employees of the management) in several ways. First, most of the ethical problems and crises that occur include operation and participation of employees. Ethical analysis of choice, communication, and behavior of employees occupying a significant part of business ethics. How can managers and owners treat the workers is another ethical issue of interest. Job security, compensation, safety, harassment, prejudice, and even the quality of work experience, are all aspects that are ethically important.

Rapid development of eco-tourism is reflected in an almost equally rapid growth in the number of researchers who draw attention to potentially detrimental and destructive consequences of tourism growth. Sustainable tourism and eco-tourism destinations are crucially important for sustainable development, which has emerged as a logical need to stop the accelerated economic growth based on unlimited exploitation of available resources. In this paper, the focus is on the ecological aspects of sustainable tourism development, with a special emphasis on the application of ecotourism in ecotourism destinations and the motivation of tourists in ecotourism. Ecotourism represents a specific form of tourism aimed at preserving natural resources and promoting sustainable development. Ecotourism destinations are of particular importance in the promotion of ecological principles in tourism. In this paper, the paper analyzes the factors applied in ecotourism, with the aim of improving the sustainable development of tourism. Also, the motives of tourists for participating in ecotourism are considered, as well as the ways in which ecotourism destinations can improve their offer in order to attract tourists. Special emphasis is placed on the ecological aspects of the sustainable development of tourism and the ways in which tourism can influence the preservation of natural resources and the protection of the environment.