This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
The greening of the Sahara, associated with the African Humid Period (AHP) between ca. 14,500 and 5,000 y ago, is arguably the largest climate-induced environmental change in the Holocene; it is usually explained by the strengthening and northward expansion of the African monsoon in response to orbital forcing. However, the strengthened monsoon in Early to Middle Holocene climate model simulations cannot sustain vegetation in the Sahara or account for the increased humidity in the Mediterranean region. Here, we present an 18,500-y pollen and leaf-wax δD record from Lake Tislit (32° N) in Morocco, which provides quantitative reconstruction of winter and summer precipitation in northern Africa. The record from Lake Tislit shows that the northern Sahara and the Mediterranean region were wetter in the AHP because of increased winter precipitation and were not influenced by the monsoon. The increased seasonal contrast of insolation led to an intensification and southward shift of the Mediterranean winter precipitation system in addition to the intensified summer monsoon. Therefore, a winter rainfall zone must have met and possibly overlapped the monsoonal zone in the Sahara. Using a mechanistic vegetation model in Early Holocene conditions, we show that this seasonal distribution of rainfall is more efficient than the increased monsoon alone in generating a green Sahara vegetation cover, in agreement with observed vegetation. This conceptual framework should be taken into consideration in Earth system paleoclimate simulations used to explore the mechanisms of African climatic and environmental sensitivity.
Rachid Cheddadi; Matthieu Carré; Majda Nourelbait; Louis François; Ali Rhoujjati; Roger Manay; Diana Ochoa; Enno Schefuß. Early Holocene greening of the Sahara requires Mediterranean winter rainfall. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 2021, 118, 1 .
AMA StyleRachid Cheddadi, Matthieu Carré, Majda Nourelbait, Louis François, Ali Rhoujjati, Roger Manay, Diana Ochoa, Enno Schefuß. Early Holocene greening of the Sahara requires Mediterranean winter rainfall. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2021; 118 (23):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRachid Cheddadi; Matthieu Carré; Majda Nourelbait; Louis François; Ali Rhoujjati; Roger Manay; Diana Ochoa; Enno Schefuß. 2021. "Early Holocene greening of the Sahara requires Mediterranean winter rainfall." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 23: 1.
Species distribution models (SDMs) are commonly used with climate only to predict animal distribution changes. This approach however neglects the evolution of other components of the niche, like food resource availability. SDMs are also commonly used with plants. This also suffers limitations, notably an inability to capture the fertilizing effect of the rising CO2 concentration strengthening resilience to water stress. Alternatively, process-based dynamic vegetation models (DVMs) respond to CO2 concentration. To test the impact of the plant modelling method to model plant resources of animals, we studied the distribution of a Bolivian macaw, assuming that, under future climate, DVMs produce more conservative results than SDMs. We modelled the bird with an SDM driven by climate. For the plant, we used SDMs or a DVM. Under future climates, the macaw SDM showed increased probabilities of presence over the area of distribution and connected range extensions. For plants, SDMs did not forecast overall response. By contrast, the DVM produced increases of productivity, occupancy and diversity, also towards higher altitudes. The results offered positive perspectives for the macaw, more optimistic with the DVM than with the SDMs, than initially assumed. Nevertheless, major common threats remain, challenging the short-term survival of the macaw.
Alain Hambuckers; Simon de Harenne; Eberth Rocha Ledezma; Lilian Zúñiga Zeballos; Louis François. Predicting the Future Distribution of Ara rubrogenys, an Endemic Endangered Bird Species of the Andes, Taking into Account Trophic Interactions. Diversity 2021, 13, 94 .
AMA StyleAlain Hambuckers, Simon de Harenne, Eberth Rocha Ledezma, Lilian Zúñiga Zeballos, Louis François. Predicting the Future Distribution of Ara rubrogenys, an Endemic Endangered Bird Species of the Andes, Taking into Account Trophic Interactions. Diversity. 2021; 13 (2):94.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlain Hambuckers; Simon de Harenne; Eberth Rocha Ledezma; Lilian Zúñiga Zeballos; Louis François. 2021. "Predicting the Future Distribution of Ara rubrogenys, an Endemic Endangered Bird Species of the Andes, Taking into Account Trophic Interactions." Diversity 13, no. 2: 94.
Dynamic vegetation modelling is intensively used with plant functional types which limits the range of interest of obtained outputs for other fields of knowledge like conservation science. An alternative approach is to simulate plant species. This however requires additional data, i.e. morphological and physiological traits values characterizing the species and determining their functional properties. However, not only many traits vary among the species belonging to the same plant functional type but also the traits vary broadly according to climate factors.
Since most of the traits are functional, their values may be critical for dynamic vegetation model outputs. We measured several traits (specific leaf area, leaf and sapwood C:N) of Cedrus atlantica in its native range, the Rif and Middle Atlas Mountains of Morocco, as well as in some plantations in western Europe. Trait values exhibit significant variations between the sampled sites. It is possible to predict these trait values using multiple regression with climate factors as explanatory variables. Using regression equations, we produced spatial- and time-varying traits over the study area. We implemented these equations in the CARAIB dynamic vegetation model and tested whether they improve the simulation of C. atlantica in the Rif and Middle Atlas Mountains, by comparing the net primary productivities and biomasses computed with and without trait variation, with those retrieved from measurements on the sampled sites. We then performed simulations of the future using climate projections of the regional climate model RCA4 nested in HadGEM2 general circulation model under the RCP8.5 scenario, in order to test the influence of trait acclimation on the predicted future changes in the range and productivity of the species.
Louis François; Alain Hambuckers; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Franck Trolliet; Jean-Luc Pitance; Rachid Cheddadi; Marie Dury. Does acclimation of plant traits improve dynamic vegetation modelling of a tree species? 2020, 1 .
AMA StyleLouis François, Alain Hambuckers, Alexandra-Jane Henrot, Franck Trolliet, Jean-Luc Pitance, Rachid Cheddadi, Marie Dury. Does acclimation of plant traits improve dynamic vegetation modelling of a tree species? . 2020; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLouis François; Alain Hambuckers; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Franck Trolliet; Jean-Luc Pitance; Rachid Cheddadi; Marie Dury. 2020. "Does acclimation of plant traits improve dynamic vegetation modelling of a tree species?" , no. : 1.
Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
Jens Kattge; Gerhard Bönisch; Milton Diaz; Sandra Lavorel; Iain Colin Prentice; Paul Leadley; Susanne Tautenhahn; Gijsbert D. A. Werner; Tuomas Aakala; Mehdi Abedi; Alicia T. R. Acosta; George C. Adamidis; Kairi Adamson; Masahiro Aiba; Cécile H. Albert; Julio M. Alcántara; Carolina Alcázar C; Izabela Aleixo; Hamada Ali; Bernard Amiaud; Christian Ammer; Mariano M. Amoroso; Madhur Anand; Carolyn Anderson; Niels Anten; Joseph Antos; Deborah Mattos Guimarães Apgaua; Tia‐Lynn Ashman; Degi Harja Asmara; Gregory P. Asner; Michael Aspinwall; Owen Atkin; Isabelle Aubin; Lars Baastrup‐Spohr; Khadijeh Bahalkeh; Michael Bahn; Timothy Baker; William J. Baker; Jan P. Bakker; Dennis Baldocchi; Jennifer Baltzer; Arindam Banerjee; Anne Baranger; Jos Barlow; Diego R. Barneche; Zdravko Baruch; Denis Bastianelli; John Battles; William Bauerle; Marijn Bauters; Erika Bazzato; Michael Beckmann; Hans Beeckman; Carl Beierkuhnlein; Renee Bekker; Gavin Belfry; Michael Belluau; Mirela Beloiu; Raquel Benavides; Lahcen Benomar; Mary Lee Berdugo‐Lattke; Erika Berenguer; Rodrigo Bergamin; Joana Bergmann; Marcos Bergmann Carlucci; Logan Berner; Markus Bernhardt‐Römermann; Christof Bigler; Anne D. Bjorkman; Chris Blackman; Carolina Blanco; Benjamin Blonder; Dana Blumenthal; Kelly T. Bocanegra‐González; Pascal Boeckx; Stephanie Bohlman; Katrin Böhning‐Gaese; Laura Boisvert‐Marsh; William Bond; Ben Bond‐Lamberty; Arnoud Boom; Coline C. F. Boonman; Kauane Bordin; Elizabeth H. Boughton; Vanessa Boukili; David M. J. S. Bowman; Sandra Bravo; Marco Richard Brendel; Martin R. Broadley; Kerry A. Brown; Helge Bruelheide; Federico Brumnich; Hans Henrik Bruun; David Bruy; Serra W. Buchanan; Solveig Franziska Bucher; Nina Buchmann; Robert Buitenwerf; Daniel E. Bunker; Jana Bürger; Sabina Burrascano; David F. R. P. Burslem; Bradley J. Butterfield; ChaeHo Byun; Marcia Marques; Marina C. Scalon; Marco Caccianiga; Marc Cadotte; Maxime Cailleret; James Camac; Jesús Julio Camarero; Courtney Campany; Giandiego Campetella; Juan Antonio Campos; Laura Cano‐Arboleda; Roberto Canullo; Michele Carbognani; Fabio Carvalho; Fernando Casanoves; Bastien Castagneyrol; Jane A. Catford; Jeannine Cavender‐Bares; Bruno E. L. Cerabolini; Marco Cervellini; Eduardo Chacón‐Madrigal; Kenneth Chapin; F. Stuart Chapin; Stefano Chelli; Si‐Chong Chen; Anping Chen; Paolo Cherubini; Francesco Chianucci; Brendan Choat; Kyong‐Sook Chung; Milan Chytrý; Daniela Ciccarelli; Lluís Coll; Courtney G. Collins; Luisa Conti; David Coomes; Johannes H. C. Cornelissen; William K. Cornwell; Piermaria Corona; Marie Coyea; Joseph Craine; Dylan Craven; Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt; Anikó Csecserits; Katarina Cufar; Matthias Cuntz; Ana Carolina Silva; Kyla M. Dahlin; Matteo Dainese; Igor Dalke; Michele Dalle Fratte; Anh Tuan Dang‐Le; Jirí Danihelka; Masako Dannoura; Samantha Dawson; Arend Jacobus Beer; Angel De Frutos; Jonathan R. De Long; Benjamin Dechant; Sylvain Delagrange; Nicolas Delpierre; Géraldine Derroire; Arildo S. Dias; Milton Hugo Diaz‐Toribio; Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos; Mark Dobrowolski; Daniel Doktor; Pavel Dřevojan; Ning Dong; John Dransfield; Stefan Dressler; Leandro Duarte; Emilie Ducouret; Stefan Dullinger; Walter Durka; Remko Duursma; Olga Dymova; Anna E‐Vojtkó; Rolf Lutz Eckstein; Hamid Ejtehadi; James Elser; Thaise Emilio; Kristine Engemann; Mohammad Bagher Erfanian; Alexandra Erfmeier; Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert; Gerd Esser; Marc Estiarte; Tomas F. Domingues; William F. Fagan; Jaime Fagúndez; Daniel S. Falster; Ying Fan; Jingyun Fang; Emmanuele Farris; Fatih Fazlioglu; Yanhao Feng; Fernando Fernandez‐Mendez; Carlotta Ferrara; Joice Ferreira; Alessandra Fidelis; Bryan Finegan; Jennifer Firn; Timothy J. Flowers; Dan F. B. Flynn; Veronika Fontana; Estelle Forey; Cristiane Forgiarini; Louis François; Marcelo Frangipani; Dorothea Frank; Cedric Frenette‐Dussault; Grégoire T. Freschet; Ellen L. Fry; Nikolaos M. Fyllas; Guilherme G. Mazzochini; Sophie Gachet; Rachael Gallagher; Gislene Ganade; Francesca Ganga; Pablo García‐Palacios; Verónica Gargaglione; Eric Garnier; Jose Luis Garrido; André Luís Gasper; Guillermo Gea‐Izquierdo; David Gibson; Andrew N. Gillison; Aelton Giroldo; Mary‐Claire Glasenhardt; Sean Gleason; Mariana Gliesch; Emma Goldberg; Bastian Göldel; Erika Gonzalez‐Akre; Jose L. Gonzalez‐Andujar; Andrés González‐Melo; Ana González‐Robles; Bente Jessen Graae; Elena Granda; Sarah Graves; Walton A. Green; Thomas Gregor; Nicolas Gross; Greg R. Guerin; Angela Günther; Alvaro G. Gutiérrez; Lillie Haddock; Anna Haines; Jefferson Hall; Alain Hambuckers; Wenxuan Han; Sandy P. Harrison; Wesley Hattingh; Joseph E. Hawes; Tianhua He; Pengcheng He; Jacob Mason Heberling; Aveliina Helm; Stefan Hempel; Jörn Hentschel; Bruno Hérault; Ana‐Maria Hereş; Katharina Herz; Myriam Heuertz; Thomas Hickler; Peter Hietz; Pedro Higuchi; Andrew L. Hipp; Andrew Hirons; Maria Hock; James Aaron Hogan; Karen Holl; Olivier Honnay; Daniel Hornstein; Enqing Hou; Nate Hough‐Snee; Knut Anders Hovstad; Tomoaki Ichie; Boris Igić; Estela Illa; Marney Isaac; Masae Ishihara; Leonid Ivanov; Larissa Ivanova; Colleen M. Iversen; Jordi Izquierdo; Robert B. Jackson; Benjamin Jackson; Hervé Jactel; Andrzej M. Jagodzinski; Ute Jandt; Steven Jansen; Thomas Jenkins; Anke Jentsch; Jens Rasmus Plantener Jespersen; Guo‐Feng Jiang; Jesper Liengaard Johansen; David Johnson; Eric J. Jokela; Carlos Alfredo Joly; Gregory J. Jordan; Grant Stuart Joseph; Decky Junaedi; Robert R. Junker; Eric Justes; Richard Kabzems; Jeffrey Kane; Zdenek Kaplan; Teja Kattenborn; Lyudmila Kavelenova; Elizabeth Kearsley; Anne Kempel; Tanaka Kenzo; Andrew Kerkhoff; Mohammed I. Khalil; Nicole L. Kinlock; Wilm Daniel Kissling; Kaoru Kitajima; Thomas Kitzberger; Rasmus Kjøller; Tamir Klein; Michael Kleyer; Jitka Klimešová; Joice Klipel; Brian Kloeppel; Stefan Klotz; Johannes M. H. Knops; Takashi Kohyama; Fumito Koike; Johannes Kollmann; Benjamin Komac; Kimberly Komatsu; Christian König; Nathan J. B. Kraft; Koen Kramer; Holger Kreft; Ingolf Kühn; Dushan Kumarathunge; Jonas Kuppler; Hiroko Kurokawa; Yoko Kurosawa; Shem Kuyah; Jean‐Paul Laclau; Benoit Lafleur; Erik Lallai; Eric Lamb; Andrea Lamprecht; Daniel J. Larkin; Daniel Laughlin; Yoann Le Bagousse‐Pinguet; Guerric Maire; Peter C. Roux; Elizabeth Roux; Tali Lee; Frederic Lens; Simon L. Lewis; Barbara Lhotsky; Yuanzhi Li; Xine Li; Jeremy W. Lichstein; Mario Liebergesell; Jun Ying Lim; Yan‐Shih Lin; Juan Carlos Linares; ChunJiang Liu; Daijun Liu; Udayangani Liu; Stuart Livingstone; Joan Llusià; Madelon Lohbeck; Álvaro López‐García; Gabriela Lopez‐Gonzalez; Zdeňka Lososová; Frédérique Louault; Balázs A. Lukács; Petr Lukeš; Yunjian Luo; Michele Lussu; Siyan Ma; Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira; Michelle Mack; Vincent Maire; Annikki Mäkelä; Harri Mäkinen; Ana Claudia Mendes Malhado; Azim Mallik; Peter Manning; Stefano Manzoni; Zuleica Marchetti; Luca Marchino; Vinicius Marcilio‐Silva; Eric Marcon; Michela Marignani; Lars Markesteijn; Adam Martin; Cristina Martínez‐Garza; Jordi Martínez‐Vilalta; Tereza Mašková; Kelly Mason; Norman Mason; Tara Joy Massad; Jacynthe Masse; Itay Mayrose; James McCarthy; M. Luke McCormack; Katherine McCulloh; Ian R. McFadden; Brian J. McGill; Mara Y. McPartland; Juliana S. Medeiros; Belinda Medlyn; Pierre Meerts; Zia Mehrabi; Patrick Meir; Felipe P. L. Melo; Maurizio Mencuccini; Céline Meredieu; Julie Messier; Ilona Mészáros; Juha Metsaranta; Sean T. Michaletz; Chrysanthi Michelaki; Svetlana Migalina; Ruben Milla; Jesse E. D. Miller; Vanessa Minden; Ray Ming; Karel Mokany; Angela T. Moles; Attila Molnár; Jane Molofsky; Martin Molz; Rebecca A. Montgomery; Arnaud Monty; Lenka Moravcová; Alvaro Moreno‐Martínez; Marco Moretti; Akira S. Mori; Shigeta Mori; Dave Morris; Jane Morrison; Ladislav Mucina; Sandra Mueller; Christopher D. Muir; Sandra Cristina Müller; François Munoz; Isla H. Myers‐Smith; Randall W. Myster; Masahiro Nagano; Shawna Naidu; Ayyappan Narayanan; Balachandran Natesan; Luka Negoita; Andrew S. Nelson; Eike Lena Neuschulz; Ênio Egon Sosinski Júnior; Georg Niedrist; Jhon Nieto; Ülo Niinemets; Rachael Nolan; Henning Nottebrock; Yann Nouvellon; Alexander Novakovskiy; Kristin Odden Nystuen; Anthony O'Grady; Kevin O'Hara; Andrew O'Reilly‐Nugent; Simon Oakley; Walter Oberhuber; Toshiyuki Ohtsuka; Ricardo Oliveira; Kinga Öllerer; Mark E. Olson; Vladimir Onipchenko; Yusuke Onoda; Renske E. Onstein; Jenny C. Ordonez; Noriyuki Osada; Ivika Ostonen; Gianluigi Ottaviani; Sarah Otto; Gerhard E. Overbeck; Wim A. Ozinga; Anna T. Pahl; C. E. Timothy Paine; Robin J. Pakeman; Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou; Evgeniya Parfionova; Meelis Pärtel; Marco Patacca; Susana Paula; Juraj Paule; Harald Pauli; Juli G. Pausas; Begoña Peco; Josep Penuelas; Antonio Perea; Pablo Luis Peri; Ana Carolina Petisco‐Souza; Alessandro Petraglia; Any Mary Petritan; Oliver L. Phillips; Simon Pierce; Valério D. Pillar; Jan Pisek; Alexandr Pomogaybin; Hendrik Poorter; Angelika Portsmuth; Peter Poschlod; Catherine Potvin; Devon Pounds; A. Shafer Powell; Sally A. Power; Andreas Prinzing; Giacomo Puglielli; Petr Pyšek; Valerie Raevel; Anja Rammig; Johannes Ransijn; Courtenay A. Ray; Peter B. Reich; Markus Reichstein; Douglas E. B. Reid; Maxime Réjou‐Méchain; Victor Resco Dios; Sabina Ribeiro; Sarah Richardson; Kersti Riibak; Matthias C. Rillig; Fiamma Riviera; Elisabeth M. R. Robert; Scott Roberts; Bjorn Robroek; Adam Roddy; Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues; Alistair Rogers; Emily Rollinson; Victor Rolo; Christine Römermann; Dina Ronzhina; Christiane Roscher; Julieta A. Rosell; Milena Fermina Rosenfield; Christian Rossi; David B. Roy; Samuel Royer‐Tardif; Nadja Rüger; Ricardo Ruiz‐Peinado; Sabine B. Rumpf; Graciela M. Rusch; Masahiro Ryo; Lawren Sack; Angela Saldaña; Beatriz Salgado‐Negret; Roberto Salguero‐Gomez; Ignacio Santa‐Regina; Ana Carolina Santacruz‐García; Joaquim Santos; Jordi Sardans; Brandon Schamp; Michael Scherer‐Lorenzen; Matthias Schleuning; Bernhard Schmid; Marco Schmidt; Sylvain Schmitt; Julio V. Schneider; Simon D. Schowanek; Julian Schrader; Franziska Schrodt; Bernhard Schuldt; Frank Schurr; Galia Selaya Garvizu; Marina Semchenko; Colleen Seymour; Julia C. Sfair; Joanne M. Sharpe; Christine S. Sheppard; Serge Sheremetiev; Satomi Shiodera; Bill Shipley; Tanvir Ahmed Shovon; Alrun Siebenkäs; Carlos Sierra; Vasco Silva; Mateus Silva; Tommaso Sitzia; Henrik Sjöman; Martijn Slot; Nicholas G. Smith; Darwin Sodhi; Pamela Soltis; Dougl. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access. Global Change Biology 2019, 26, 119 -188.
AMA StyleJens Kattge, Gerhard Bönisch, Milton Diaz, Sandra Lavorel, Iain Colin Prentice, Paul Leadley, Susanne Tautenhahn, Gijsbert D. A. Werner, Tuomas Aakala, Mehdi Abedi, Alicia T. R. Acosta, George C. Adamidis, Kairi Adamson, Masahiro Aiba, Cécile H. Albert, Julio M. Alcántara, Carolina Alcázar C, Izabela Aleixo, Hamada Ali, Bernard Amiaud, Christian Ammer, Mariano M. Amoroso, Madhur Anand, Carolyn Anderson, Niels Anten, Joseph Antos, Deborah Mattos Guimarães Apgaua, Tia‐Lynn Ashman, Degi Harja Asmara, Gregory P. Asner, Michael Aspinwall, Owen Atkin, Isabelle Aubin, Lars Baastrup‐Spohr, Khadijeh Bahalkeh, Michael Bahn, Timothy Baker, William J. Baker, Jan P. Bakker, Dennis Baldocchi, Jennifer Baltzer, Arindam Banerjee, Anne Baranger, Jos Barlow, Diego R. Barneche, Zdravko Baruch, Denis Bastianelli, John Battles, William Bauerle, Marijn Bauters, Erika Bazzato, Michael Beckmann, Hans Beeckman, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Renee Bekker, Gavin Belfry, Michael Belluau, Mirela Beloiu, Raquel Benavides, Lahcen Benomar, Mary Lee Berdugo‐Lattke, Erika Berenguer, Rodrigo Bergamin, Joana Bergmann, Marcos Bergmann Carlucci, Logan Berner, Markus Bernhardt‐Römermann, Christof Bigler, Anne D. Bjorkman, Chris Blackman, Carolina Blanco, Benjamin Blonder, Dana Blumenthal, Kelly T. Bocanegra‐González, Pascal Boeckx, Stephanie Bohlman, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Laura Boisvert‐Marsh, William Bond, Ben Bond‐Lamberty, Arnoud Boom, Coline C. F. Boonman, Kauane Bordin, Elizabeth H. Boughton, Vanessa Boukili, David M. J. S. Bowman, Sandra Bravo, Marco Richard Brendel, Martin R. Broadley, Kerry A. Brown, Helge Bruelheide, Federico Brumnich, Hans Henrik Bruun, David Bruy, Serra W. Buchanan, Solveig Franziska Bucher, Nina Buchmann, Robert Buitenwerf, Daniel E. Bunker, Jana Bürger, Sabina Burrascano, David F. R. P. Burslem, Bradley J. Butterfield, ChaeHo Byun, Marcia Marques, Marina C. Scalon, Marco Caccianiga, Marc Cadotte, Maxime Cailleret, James Camac, Jesús Julio Camarero, Courtney Campany, Giandiego Campetella, Juan Antonio Campos, Laura Cano‐Arboleda, Roberto Canullo, Michele Carbognani, Fabio Carvalho, Fernando Casanoves, Bastien Castagneyrol, Jane A. Catford, Jeannine Cavender‐Bares, Bruno E. L. Cerabolini, Marco Cervellini, Eduardo Chacón‐Madrigal, Kenneth Chapin, F. Stuart Chapin, Stefano Chelli, Si‐Chong Chen, Anping Chen, Paolo Cherubini, Francesco Chianucci, Brendan Choat, Kyong‐Sook Chung, Milan Chytrý, Daniela Ciccarelli, Lluís Coll, Courtney G. Collins, Luisa Conti, David Coomes, Johannes H. C. Cornelissen, William K. Cornwell, Piermaria Corona, Marie Coyea, Joseph Craine, Dylan Craven, Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt, Anikó Csecserits, Katarina Cufar, Matthias Cuntz, Ana Carolina Silva, Kyla M. Dahlin, Matteo Dainese, Igor Dalke, Michele Dalle Fratte, Anh Tuan Dang‐Le, Jirí Danihelka, Masako Dannoura, Samantha Dawson, Arend Jacobus Beer, Angel De Frutos, Jonathan R. De Long, Benjamin Dechant, Sylvain Delagrange, Nicolas Delpierre, Géraldine Derroire, Arildo S. Dias, Milton Hugo Diaz‐Toribio, Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos, Mark Dobrowolski, Daniel Doktor, Pavel Dřevojan, Ning Dong, John Dransfield, Stefan Dressler, Leandro Duarte, Emilie Ducouret, Stefan Dullinger, Walter Durka, Remko Duursma, Olga Dymova, Anna E‐Vojtkó, Rolf Lutz Eckstein, Hamid Ejtehadi, James Elser, Thaise Emilio, Kristine Engemann, Mohammad Bagher Erfanian, Alexandra Erfmeier, Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert, Gerd Esser, Marc Estiarte, Tomas F. Domingues, William F. Fagan, Jaime Fagúndez, Daniel S. Falster, Ying Fan, Jingyun Fang, Emmanuele Farris, Fatih Fazlioglu, Yanhao Feng, Fernando Fernandez‐Mendez, Carlotta Ferrara, Joice Ferreira, Alessandra Fidelis, Bryan Finegan, Jennifer Firn, Timothy J. Flowers, Dan F. B. Flynn, Veronika Fontana, Estelle Forey, Cristiane Forgiarini, Louis François, Marcelo Frangipani, Dorothea Frank, Cedric Frenette‐Dussault, Grégoire T. Freschet, Ellen L. Fry, Nikolaos M. Fyllas, Guilherme G. Mazzochini, Sophie Gachet, Rachael Gallagher, Gislene Ganade, Francesca Ganga, Pablo García‐Palacios, Verónica Gargaglione, Eric Garnier, Jose Luis Garrido, André Luís Gasper, Guillermo Gea‐Izquierdo, David Gibson, Andrew N. Gillison, Aelton Giroldo, Mary‐Claire Glasenhardt, Sean Gleason, Mariana Gliesch, Emma Goldberg, Bastian Göldel, Erika Gonzalez‐Akre, Jose L. Gonzalez‐Andujar, Andrés González‐Melo, Ana González‐Robles, Bente Jessen Graae, Elena Granda, Sarah Graves, Walton A. Green, Thomas Gregor, Nicolas Gross, Greg R. Guerin, Angela Günther, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Lillie Haddock, Anna Haines, Jefferson Hall, Alain Hambuckers, Wenxuan Han, Sandy P. Harrison, Wesley Hattingh, Joseph E. Hawes, Tianhua He, Pengcheng He, Jacob Mason Heberling, Aveliina Helm, Stefan Hempel, Jörn Hentschel, Bruno Hérault, Ana‐Maria Hereş, Katharina Herz, Myriam Heuertz, Thomas Hickler, Peter Hietz, Pedro Higuchi, Andrew L. Hipp, Andrew Hirons, Maria Hock, James Aaron Hogan, Karen Holl, Olivier Honnay, Daniel Hornstein, Enqing Hou, Nate Hough‐Snee, Knut Anders Hovstad, Tomoaki Ichie, Boris Igić, Estela Illa, Marney Isaac, Masae Ishihara, Leonid Ivanov, Larissa Ivanova, Colleen M. Iversen, Jordi Izquierdo, Robert B. Jackson, Benjamin Jackson, Hervé Jactel, Andrzej M. Jagodzinski, Ute Jandt, Steven Jansen, Thomas Jenkins, Anke Jentsch, Jens Rasmus Plantener Jespersen, Guo‐Feng Jiang, Jesper Liengaard Johansen, David Johnson, Eric J. Jokela, Carlos Alfredo Joly, Gregory J. Jordan, Grant Stuart Joseph, Decky Junaedi, Robert R. Junker, Eric Justes, Richard Kabzems, Jeffrey Kane, Zdenek Kaplan, Teja Kattenborn, Lyudmila Kavelenova, Elizabeth Kearsley, Anne Kempel, Tanaka Kenzo, Andrew Kerkhoff, Mohammed I. Khalil, Nicole L. Kinlock, Wilm Daniel Kissling, Kaoru Kitajima, Thomas Kitzberger, Rasmus Kjøller, Tamir Klein, Michael Kleyer, Jitka Klimešová, Joice Klipel, Brian Kloeppel, Stefan Klotz, Johannes M. H. Knops, Takashi Kohyama, Fumito Koike, Johannes Kollmann, Benjamin Komac, Kimberly Komatsu, Christian König, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Koen Kramer, Holger Kreft, Ingolf Kühn, Dushan Kumarathunge, Jonas Kuppler, Hiroko Kurokawa, Yoko Kurosawa, Shem Kuyah, Jean‐Paul Laclau, Benoit Lafleur, Erik Lallai, Eric Lamb, Andrea Lamprecht, Daniel J. Larkin, Daniel Laughlin, Yoann Le Bagousse‐Pinguet, Guerric Maire, Peter C. Roux, Elizabeth Roux, Tali Lee, Frederic Lens, Simon L. Lewis, Barbara Lhotsky, Yuanzhi Li, Xine Li, Jeremy W. Lichstein, Mario Liebergesell, Jun Ying Lim, Yan‐Shih Lin, Juan Carlos Linares, ChunJiang Liu, Daijun Liu, Udayangani Liu, Stuart Livingstone, Joan Llusià, Madelon Lohbeck, Álvaro López‐García, Gabriela Lopez‐Gonzalez, Zdeňka Lososová, Frédérique Louault, Balázs A. Lukács, Petr Lukeš, Yunjian Luo, Michele Lussu, Siyan Ma, Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira, Michelle Mack, Vincent Maire, Annikki Mäkelä, Harri Mäkinen, Ana Claudia Mendes Malhado, Azim Mallik, Peter Manning, Stefano Manzoni, Zuleica Marchetti, Luca Marchino, Vinicius Marcilio‐Silva, Eric Marcon, Michela Marignani, Lars Markesteijn, Adam Martin, Cristina Martínez‐Garza, Jordi Martínez‐Vilalta, Tereza Mašková, Kelly Mason, Norman Mason, Tara Joy Massad, Jacynthe Masse, Itay Mayrose, James McCarthy, M. Luke McCormack, Katherine McCulloh, Ian R. McFadden, Brian J. McGill, Mara Y. McPartland, Juliana S. Medeiros, Belinda Medlyn, Pierre Meerts, Zia Mehrabi, Patrick Meir, Felipe P. L. Melo, Maurizio Mencuccini, Céline Meredieu, Julie Messier, Ilona Mészáros, Juha Metsaranta, Sean T. Michaletz, Chrysanthi Michelaki, Svetlana Migalina, Ruben Milla, Jesse E. D. Miller, Vanessa Minden, Ray Ming, Karel Mokany, Angela T. Moles, Attila Molnár, Jane Molofsky, Martin Molz, Rebecca A. Montgomery, Arnaud Monty, Lenka Moravcová, Alvaro Moreno‐Martínez, Marco Moretti, Akira S. Mori, Shigeta Mori, Dave Morris, Jane Morrison, Ladislav Mucina, Sandra Mueller, Christopher D. Muir, Sandra Cristina Müller, François Munoz, Isla H. Myers‐Smith, Randall W. Myster, Masahiro Nagano, Shawna Naidu, Ayyappan Narayanan, Balachandran Natesan, Luka Negoita, Andrew S. Nelson, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Ênio Egon Sosinski Júnior, Georg Niedrist, Jhon Nieto, Ülo Niinemets, Rachael Nolan, Henning Nottebrock, Yann Nouvellon, Alexander Novakovskiy, Kristin Odden Nystuen, Anthony O'Grady, Kevin O'Hara, Andrew O'Reilly‐Nugent, Simon Oakley, Walter Oberhuber, Toshiyuki Ohtsuka, Ricardo Oliveira, Kinga Öllerer, Mark E. Olson, Vladimir Onipchenko, Yusuke Onoda, Renske E. Onstein, Jenny C. Ordonez, Noriyuki Osada, Ivika Ostonen, Gianluigi Ottaviani, Sarah Otto, Gerhard E. Overbeck, Wim A. Ozinga, Anna T. Pahl, C. E. Timothy Paine, Robin J. Pakeman, Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou, Evgeniya Parfionova, Meelis Pärtel, Marco Patacca, Susana Paula, Juraj Paule, Harald Pauli, Juli G. Pausas, Begoña Peco, Josep Penuelas, Antonio Perea, Pablo Luis Peri, Ana Carolina Petisco‐Souza, Alessandro Petraglia, Any Mary Petritan, Oliver L. Phillips, Simon Pierce, Valério D. Pillar, Jan Pisek, Alexandr Pomogaybin, Hendrik Poorter, Angelika Portsmuth, Peter Poschlod, Catherine Potvin, Devon Pounds, A. Shafer Powell, Sally A. Power, Andreas Prinzing, Giacomo Puglielli, Petr Pyšek, Valerie Raevel, Anja Rammig, Johannes Ransijn, Courtenay A. Ray, Peter B. Reich, Markus Reichstein, Douglas E. B. Reid, Maxime Réjou‐Méchain, Victor Resco Dios, Sabina Ribeiro, Sarah Richardson, Kersti Riibak, Matthias C. Rillig, Fiamma Riviera, Elisabeth M. R. Robert, Scott Roberts, Bjorn Robroek, Adam Roddy, Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues, Alistair Rogers, Emily Rollinson, Victor Rolo, Christine Römermann, Dina Ronzhina, Christiane Roscher, Julieta A. Rosell, Milena Fermina Rosenfield, Christian Rossi, David B. Roy, Samuel Royer‐Tardif, Nadja Rüger, Ricardo Ruiz‐Peinado, Sabine B. Rumpf, Graciela M. Rusch, Masahiro Ryo, Lawren Sack, Angela Saldaña, Beatriz Salgado‐Negret, Roberto Salguero‐Gomez, Ignacio Santa‐Regina, Ana Carolina Santacruz‐García, Joaquim Santos, Jordi Sardans, Brandon Schamp, Michael Scherer‐Lorenzen, Matthias Schleuning, Bernhard Schmid, Marco Schmidt, Sylvain Schmitt, Julio V. Schneider, Simon D. Schowanek, Julian Schrader, Franziska Schrodt, Bernhard Schuldt, Frank Schurr, Galia Selaya Garvizu, Marina Semchenko, Colleen Seymour, Julia C. Sfair, Joanne M. Sharpe, Christine S. Sheppard, Serge Sheremetiev, Satomi Shiodera, Bill Shipley, Tanvir Ahmed Shovon, Alrun Siebenkäs, Carlos Sierra, Vasco Silva, Mateus Silva, Tommaso Sitzia, Henrik Sjöman, Martijn Slot, Nicholas G. Smith, Darwin Sodhi, Pamela Soltis, Dougl. TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access. Global Change Biology. 2019; 26 (1):119-188.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJens Kattge; Gerhard Bönisch; Milton Diaz; Sandra Lavorel; Iain Colin Prentice; Paul Leadley; Susanne Tautenhahn; Gijsbert D. A. Werner; Tuomas Aakala; Mehdi Abedi; Alicia T. R. Acosta; George C. Adamidis; Kairi Adamson; Masahiro Aiba; Cécile H. Albert; Julio M. Alcántara; Carolina Alcázar C; Izabela Aleixo; Hamada Ali; Bernard Amiaud; Christian Ammer; Mariano M. Amoroso; Madhur Anand; Carolyn Anderson; Niels Anten; Joseph Antos; Deborah Mattos Guimarães Apgaua; Tia‐Lynn Ashman; Degi Harja Asmara; Gregory P. Asner; Michael Aspinwall; Owen Atkin; Isabelle Aubin; Lars Baastrup‐Spohr; Khadijeh Bahalkeh; Michael Bahn; Timothy Baker; William J. Baker; Jan P. Bakker; Dennis Baldocchi; Jennifer Baltzer; Arindam Banerjee; Anne Baranger; Jos Barlow; Diego R. Barneche; Zdravko Baruch; Denis Bastianelli; John Battles; William Bauerle; Marijn Bauters; Erika Bazzato; Michael Beckmann; Hans Beeckman; Carl Beierkuhnlein; Renee Bekker; Gavin Belfry; Michael Belluau; Mirela Beloiu; Raquel Benavides; Lahcen Benomar; Mary Lee Berdugo‐Lattke; Erika Berenguer; Rodrigo Bergamin; Joana Bergmann; Marcos Bergmann Carlucci; Logan Berner; Markus Bernhardt‐Römermann; Christof Bigler; Anne D. Bjorkman; Chris Blackman; Carolina Blanco; Benjamin Blonder; Dana Blumenthal; Kelly T. Bocanegra‐González; Pascal Boeckx; Stephanie Bohlman; Katrin Böhning‐Gaese; Laura Boisvert‐Marsh; William Bond; Ben Bond‐Lamberty; Arnoud Boom; Coline C. F. Boonman; Kauane Bordin; Elizabeth H. Boughton; Vanessa Boukili; David M. J. S. Bowman; Sandra Bravo; Marco Richard Brendel; Martin R. Broadley; Kerry A. Brown; Helge Bruelheide; Federico Brumnich; Hans Henrik Bruun; David Bruy; Serra W. Buchanan; Solveig Franziska Bucher; Nina Buchmann; Robert Buitenwerf; Daniel E. Bunker; Jana Bürger; Sabina Burrascano; David F. R. P. Burslem; Bradley J. Butterfield; ChaeHo Byun; Marcia Marques; Marina C. Scalon; Marco Caccianiga; Marc Cadotte; Maxime Cailleret; James Camac; Jesús Julio Camarero; Courtney Campany; Giandiego Campetella; Juan Antonio Campos; Laura Cano‐Arboleda; Roberto Canullo; Michele Carbognani; Fabio Carvalho; Fernando Casanoves; Bastien Castagneyrol; Jane A. Catford; Jeannine Cavender‐Bares; Bruno E. L. Cerabolini; Marco Cervellini; Eduardo Chacón‐Madrigal; Kenneth Chapin; F. Stuart Chapin; Stefano Chelli; Si‐Chong Chen; Anping Chen; Paolo Cherubini; Francesco Chianucci; Brendan Choat; Kyong‐Sook Chung; Milan Chytrý; Daniela Ciccarelli; Lluís Coll; Courtney G. Collins; Luisa Conti; David Coomes; Johannes H. C. Cornelissen; William K. Cornwell; Piermaria Corona; Marie Coyea; Joseph Craine; Dylan Craven; Joris P. G. M. Cromsigt; Anikó Csecserits; Katarina Cufar; Matthias Cuntz; Ana Carolina Silva; Kyla M. Dahlin; Matteo Dainese; Igor Dalke; Michele Dalle Fratte; Anh Tuan Dang‐Le; Jirí Danihelka; Masako Dannoura; Samantha Dawson; Arend Jacobus Beer; Angel De Frutos; Jonathan R. De Long; Benjamin Dechant; Sylvain Delagrange; Nicolas Delpierre; Géraldine Derroire; Arildo S. Dias; Milton Hugo Diaz‐Toribio; Panayiotis G. Dimitrakopoulos; Mark Dobrowolski; Daniel Doktor; Pavel Dřevojan; Ning Dong; John Dransfield; Stefan Dressler; Leandro Duarte; Emilie Ducouret; Stefan Dullinger; Walter Durka; Remko Duursma; Olga Dymova; Anna E‐Vojtkó; Rolf Lutz Eckstein; Hamid Ejtehadi; James Elser; Thaise Emilio; Kristine Engemann; Mohammad Bagher Erfanian; Alexandra Erfmeier; Adriane Esquivel‐Muelbert; Gerd Esser; Marc Estiarte; Tomas F. Domingues; William F. Fagan; Jaime Fagúndez; Daniel S. Falster; Ying Fan; Jingyun Fang; Emmanuele Farris; Fatih Fazlioglu; Yanhao Feng; Fernando Fernandez‐Mendez; Carlotta Ferrara; Joice Ferreira; Alessandra Fidelis; Bryan Finegan; Jennifer Firn; Timothy J. Flowers; Dan F. B. Flynn; Veronika Fontana; Estelle Forey; Cristiane Forgiarini; Louis François; Marcelo Frangipani; Dorothea Frank; Cedric Frenette‐Dussault; Grégoire T. Freschet; Ellen L. Fry; Nikolaos M. Fyllas; Guilherme G. Mazzochini; Sophie Gachet; Rachael Gallagher; Gislene Ganade; Francesca Ganga; Pablo García‐Palacios; Verónica Gargaglione; Eric Garnier; Jose Luis Garrido; André Luís Gasper; Guillermo Gea‐Izquierdo; David Gibson; Andrew N. Gillison; Aelton Giroldo; Mary‐Claire Glasenhardt; Sean Gleason; Mariana Gliesch; Emma Goldberg; Bastian Göldel; Erika Gonzalez‐Akre; Jose L. Gonzalez‐Andujar; Andrés González‐Melo; Ana González‐Robles; Bente Jessen Graae; Elena Granda; Sarah Graves; Walton A. Green; Thomas Gregor; Nicolas Gross; Greg R. Guerin; Angela Günther; Alvaro G. Gutiérrez; Lillie Haddock; Anna Haines; Jefferson Hall; Alain Hambuckers; Wenxuan Han; Sandy P. Harrison; Wesley Hattingh; Joseph E. Hawes; Tianhua He; Pengcheng He; Jacob Mason Heberling; Aveliina Helm; Stefan Hempel; Jörn Hentschel; Bruno Hérault; Ana‐Maria Hereş; Katharina Herz; Myriam Heuertz; Thomas Hickler; Peter Hietz; Pedro Higuchi; Andrew L. Hipp; Andrew Hirons; Maria Hock; James Aaron Hogan; Karen Holl; Olivier Honnay; Daniel Hornstein; Enqing Hou; Nate Hough‐Snee; Knut Anders Hovstad; Tomoaki Ichie; Boris Igić; Estela Illa; Marney Isaac; Masae Ishihara; Leonid Ivanov; Larissa Ivanova; Colleen M. Iversen; Jordi Izquierdo; Robert B. Jackson; Benjamin Jackson; Hervé Jactel; Andrzej M. Jagodzinski; Ute Jandt; Steven Jansen; Thomas Jenkins; Anke Jentsch; Jens Rasmus Plantener Jespersen; Guo‐Feng Jiang; Jesper Liengaard Johansen; David Johnson; Eric J. Jokela; Carlos Alfredo Joly; Gregory J. Jordan; Grant Stuart Joseph; Decky Junaedi; Robert R. Junker; Eric Justes; Richard Kabzems; Jeffrey Kane; Zdenek Kaplan; Teja Kattenborn; Lyudmila Kavelenova; Elizabeth Kearsley; Anne Kempel; Tanaka Kenzo; Andrew Kerkhoff; Mohammed I. Khalil; Nicole L. Kinlock; Wilm Daniel Kissling; Kaoru Kitajima; Thomas Kitzberger; Rasmus Kjøller; Tamir Klein; Michael Kleyer; Jitka Klimešová; Joice Klipel; Brian Kloeppel; Stefan Klotz; Johannes M. H. Knops; Takashi Kohyama; Fumito Koike; Johannes Kollmann; Benjamin Komac; Kimberly Komatsu; Christian König; Nathan J. B. Kraft; Koen Kramer; Holger Kreft; Ingolf Kühn; Dushan Kumarathunge; Jonas Kuppler; Hiroko Kurokawa; Yoko Kurosawa; Shem Kuyah; Jean‐Paul Laclau; Benoit Lafleur; Erik Lallai; Eric Lamb; Andrea Lamprecht; Daniel J. Larkin; Daniel Laughlin; Yoann Le Bagousse‐Pinguet; Guerric Maire; Peter C. Roux; Elizabeth Roux; Tali Lee; Frederic Lens; Simon L. Lewis; Barbara Lhotsky; Yuanzhi Li; Xine Li; Jeremy W. Lichstein; Mario Liebergesell; Jun Ying Lim; Yan‐Shih Lin; Juan Carlos Linares; ChunJiang Liu; Daijun Liu; Udayangani Liu; Stuart Livingstone; Joan Llusià; Madelon Lohbeck; Álvaro López‐García; Gabriela Lopez‐Gonzalez; Zdeňka Lososová; Frédérique Louault; Balázs A. Lukács; Petr Lukeš; Yunjian Luo; Michele Lussu; Siyan Ma; Camilla Maciel Rabelo Pereira; Michelle Mack; Vincent Maire; Annikki Mäkelä; Harri Mäkinen; Ana Claudia Mendes Malhado; Azim Mallik; Peter Manning; Stefano Manzoni; Zuleica Marchetti; Luca Marchino; Vinicius Marcilio‐Silva; Eric Marcon; Michela Marignani; Lars Markesteijn; Adam Martin; Cristina Martínez‐Garza; Jordi Martínez‐Vilalta; Tereza Mašková; Kelly Mason; Norman Mason; Tara Joy Massad; Jacynthe Masse; Itay Mayrose; James McCarthy; M. Luke McCormack; Katherine McCulloh; Ian R. McFadden; Brian J. McGill; Mara Y. McPartland; Juliana S. Medeiros; Belinda Medlyn; Pierre Meerts; Zia Mehrabi; Patrick Meir; Felipe P. L. Melo; Maurizio Mencuccini; Céline Meredieu; Julie Messier; Ilona Mészáros; Juha Metsaranta; Sean T. Michaletz; Chrysanthi Michelaki; Svetlana Migalina; Ruben Milla; Jesse E. D. Miller; Vanessa Minden; Ray Ming; Karel Mokany; Angela T. Moles; Attila Molnár; Jane Molofsky; Martin Molz; Rebecca A. Montgomery; Arnaud Monty; Lenka Moravcová; Alvaro Moreno‐Martínez; Marco Moretti; Akira S. Mori; Shigeta Mori; Dave Morris; Jane Morrison; Ladislav Mucina; Sandra Mueller; Christopher D. Muir; Sandra Cristina Müller; François Munoz; Isla H. Myers‐Smith; Randall W. Myster; Masahiro Nagano; Shawna Naidu; Ayyappan Narayanan; Balachandran Natesan; Luka Negoita; Andrew S. Nelson; Eike Lena Neuschulz; Ênio Egon Sosinski Júnior; Georg Niedrist; Jhon Nieto; Ülo Niinemets; Rachael Nolan; Henning Nottebrock; Yann Nouvellon; Alexander Novakovskiy; Kristin Odden Nystuen; Anthony O'Grady; Kevin O'Hara; Andrew O'Reilly‐Nugent; Simon Oakley; Walter Oberhuber; Toshiyuki Ohtsuka; Ricardo Oliveira; Kinga Öllerer; Mark E. Olson; Vladimir Onipchenko; Yusuke Onoda; Renske E. Onstein; Jenny C. Ordonez; Noriyuki Osada; Ivika Ostonen; Gianluigi Ottaviani; Sarah Otto; Gerhard E. Overbeck; Wim A. Ozinga; Anna T. Pahl; C. E. Timothy Paine; Robin J. Pakeman; Aristotelis C. Papageorgiou; Evgeniya Parfionova; Meelis Pärtel; Marco Patacca; Susana Paula; Juraj Paule; Harald Pauli; Juli G. Pausas; Begoña Peco; Josep Penuelas; Antonio Perea; Pablo Luis Peri; Ana Carolina Petisco‐Souza; Alessandro Petraglia; Any Mary Petritan; Oliver L. Phillips; Simon Pierce; Valério D. Pillar; Jan Pisek; Alexandr Pomogaybin; Hendrik Poorter; Angelika Portsmuth; Peter Poschlod; Catherine Potvin; Devon Pounds; A. Shafer Powell; Sally A. Power; Andreas Prinzing; Giacomo Puglielli; Petr Pyšek; Valerie Raevel; Anja Rammig; Johannes Ransijn; Courtenay A. Ray; Peter B. Reich; Markus Reichstein; Douglas E. B. Reid; Maxime Réjou‐Méchain; Victor Resco Dios; Sabina Ribeiro; Sarah Richardson; Kersti Riibak; Matthias C. Rillig; Fiamma Riviera; Elisabeth M. R. Robert; Scott Roberts; Bjorn Robroek; Adam Roddy; Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues; Alistair Rogers; Emily Rollinson; Victor Rolo; Christine Römermann; Dina Ronzhina; Christiane Roscher; Julieta A. Rosell; Milena Fermina Rosenfield; Christian Rossi; David B. Roy; Samuel Royer‐Tardif; Nadja Rüger; Ricardo Ruiz‐Peinado; Sabine B. Rumpf; Graciela M. Rusch; Masahiro Ryo; Lawren Sack; Angela Saldaña; Beatriz Salgado‐Negret; Roberto Salguero‐Gomez; Ignacio Santa‐Regina; Ana Carolina Santacruz‐García; Joaquim Santos; Jordi Sardans; Brandon Schamp; Michael Scherer‐Lorenzen; Matthias Schleuning; Bernhard Schmid; Marco Schmidt; Sylvain Schmitt; Julio V. Schneider; Simon D. Schowanek; Julian Schrader; Franziska Schrodt; Bernhard Schuldt; Frank Schurr; Galia Selaya Garvizu; Marina Semchenko; Colleen Seymour; Julia C. Sfair; Joanne M. Sharpe; Christine S. Sheppard; Serge Sheremetiev; Satomi Shiodera; Bill Shipley; Tanvir Ahmed Shovon; Alrun Siebenkäs; Carlos Sierra; Vasco Silva; Mateus Silva; Tommaso Sitzia; Henrik Sjöman; Martijn Slot; Nicholas G. Smith; Darwin Sodhi; Pamela Soltis; Dougl. 2019. "TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access." Global Change Biology 26, no. 1: 119-188.
African tropical ecosystems and the services they provide to human society suffer from an increasing combined pressure of land use and climate change. How individual tropical tree species respond to climate change remains relatively unknown. In this study, we refined the species characterization in the CARAIB (CARbon Assimilation In the Biosphere) dynamic vegetation model by replacing plant functional type morpho-physiological traits by species-specific traits. We focus on 12 tropical tree species selected for their importance in both the plant community and human society. We used CARAIB to simulate the current species net primary productivity (NPP), biomass and potential distribution and their changes in the future. Our results indicate that the use of species-specific traits does not necessarily result in an increase of predicted current NPPs. The model projections for the end of the century highlight the large uncertainties in the future of African tropical species. Projected changes in species distribution vary greatly with the general circulation model (GCM) and, to a lesser extent, with the concentration pathway. The question about long-term plant response to increasing CO2 concentrations also leads to contrasting results. In absence of fertilization effect, species are exposed to climate change and might lose 25% of their current distribution under RCP8.5 (12.5% under RCP4.5), considering all the species and climatic scenarios. The vegetation model projects a mean biomass loss of −21.2% under RCP4.5 and −34.5% under RCP8.5. Potential range expansions, unpredictable due to migration limitations, are too limited for offsetting range contraction. By contrast, if the long-term species response to increasing [CO2] is positive, the range reduction is limited to 5%. However, despite a mean biomass increase of 12.2%, a positive CO2 feedback might not prevent tree dieback. Our analysis confirms that species will respond differently to new climatic and atmospheric conditions, which may induce new competition dynamics in the ecosystem and affect ecosystem services.
Marie Dury; Lenni Mertens; Adeline Fayolle; Hans Verbeeck; Alain Hambuckers; Louis François. Refining Species Traits in a Dynamic Vegetation Model to Project the Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Trees in Central Africa. Forests 2018, 9, 722 .
AMA StyleMarie Dury, Lenni Mertens, Adeline Fayolle, Hans Verbeeck, Alain Hambuckers, Louis François. Refining Species Traits in a Dynamic Vegetation Model to Project the Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Trees in Central Africa. Forests. 2018; 9 (11):722.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMarie Dury; Lenni Mertens; Adeline Fayolle; Hans Verbeeck; Alain Hambuckers; Louis François. 2018. "Refining Species Traits in a Dynamic Vegetation Model to Project the Impacts of Climate Change on Tropical Trees in Central Africa." Forests 9, no. 11: 722.
Climate change is a threat to natural ecosystems. To evaluate this threat and, where possible, respond, it is useful to understand the potential impacts climate change could have on species’ distributions, phenology, and productivity. Here, we compare future-scenario outcomes between a dynamic vegetation model (DVM; CARbon Assimilation In the Biosphere (CARAIB)) and an ecological niche-based model (ENM; maximum entropy model) to outline the risks to tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, comprising the habitats of several endemic species, including the endangered primate Leontopithecus chrysomelas (golden-headed lion tamarin; GHLT), our species of interest. Compared to MaxENT, the DVM predicts larger present-day species ranges. Conversely, MaxENT ranges are closer to sampled distributions of the realised niches. MaxENT results for two future scenarios in four general circulation models suggest that up to 75% of the species risk losing more than half of their original distribution. CARAIB simulations are more optimistic in scenarios with and without accounting for potential plant-physiological effects of increased CO2, with less than 10% of the species losing more than 50% of their range. Potential gains in distribution outside the original area do not necessarily diminish risks to species, as the potential new zones may not be easy to colonise. It will also depend on the tree species’ dispersal ability. So far, within the current range of L. chrysomelas, CARAIB continues to predict persistence of most resource trees, while MaxENT predicts the loss of up to 19 species out of the 59 simulated. This research highlights the importance of choosing the appropriate modelling approach and interpretation of results to understand key processes.
Nima Raghunathan; Louis François; Marie Dury; Alain Hambuckers. Contrasting climate risks predicted by dynamic vegetation and ecological niche-based models applied to tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Regional Environmental Change 2018, 19, 219 -232.
AMA StyleNima Raghunathan, Louis François, Marie Dury, Alain Hambuckers. Contrasting climate risks predicted by dynamic vegetation and ecological niche-based models applied to tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Regional Environmental Change. 2018; 19 (1):219-232.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNima Raghunathan; Louis François; Marie Dury; Alain Hambuckers. 2018. "Contrasting climate risks predicted by dynamic vegetation and ecological niche-based models applied to tree species in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." Regional Environmental Change 19, no. 1: 219-232.
Based on ecospectra of 66 published carpofloras we study dynamics and evolution of Turgay vegetation in Western Siberia during the early Oligocene to earliest Miocene. The ecospectra are obtained using a Plant Functional Type (PFT) classification system comprising 26 herbaceous to arboreal PFTs. The carpofloras originate from seven floristic levels covering the time‐span from the Rupelian to early Aquitanian. Key elements of these levels are documented based on original collection materials. Although impacted by local edaphic conditions, the ecospectra can be interpreted in terms of changing vegetation. Our data show that warm temperate mesophytic, mixed conifer‐broad‐leaved deciduous forest assemblages persisted throughout the Oligocene and earliest Miocene in this core area of Turgai type vegetation. This is in line with comparatively stable climate conditions persisting in the studied time‐span, showing a minor temperature decline and coeval moderate increase in seasonality and precipitation. Concurrently, the reconstructed ecospectra contradict significant continental drying throughout the Oligocene and earliest Miocene. Spatial variability of the proportions of PFTs within the single floristic horizons primarily reflects local edaphic conditions. High diversities of PFTs characteristic for swamp vegetation are mainly confined to the early Oligocene and have a regional focus. Our results indicate that taxonomical diversity, particularly concerning mesic herbs and deciduous shrubs and trees, increased towards the end of the Oligocene. This increase in biodiversity probably can be attributed to an increase in rainfall and extension of terrestrial habitats after the final retreat of the Paratethys.
Svetlana Popova; Torsten Utescher; Dmitry Gromyko; Volker Mosbrugger; Louis François. Dynamics and evolution of Turgay‐type vegetation in Western Siberia throughout the early Oligocene to earliest Miocene—a study based on diversity of plant functional types in the carpological record. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 2018, 57, 129 -141.
AMA StyleSvetlana Popova, Torsten Utescher, Dmitry Gromyko, Volker Mosbrugger, Louis François. Dynamics and evolution of Turgay‐type vegetation in Western Siberia throughout the early Oligocene to earliest Miocene—a study based on diversity of plant functional types in the carpological record. Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 2018; 57 (2):129-141.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSvetlana Popova; Torsten Utescher; Dmitry Gromyko; Volker Mosbrugger; Louis François. 2018. "Dynamics and evolution of Turgay‐type vegetation in Western Siberia throughout the early Oligocene to earliest Miocene—a study based on diversity of plant functional types in the carpological record." Journal of Systematics and Evolution 57, no. 2: 129-141.
This study focuses on the evaluation by prediction of the spatial distribution of Quercus ilex. L in its natural range in Eastern Algeria. The maximum entropy method has allowed the modelling of the species potentially favourable areas under environmental conditions linking the spatial occurrence and the environmental conditions. Three explanatory parameter groups were used for modelling: i) Edaphic variables, ii) Variables related to topography, iii) Climatic variables. The established predictions demonstrate that over the horizons 2050 and 2070, we will lose 125000 and 147000 hectares respectively. It would seem that the most favourable areas for Quercus ilex would extend between elevations of 1430 meters for 2050 and reach by 2070, 1650 meters. The performance of the used model has been confirmed by the value of AUC which is 0,929. The high elevations especially those of the Saharian Atlas will offer the climatic refuges. These results represent a decision support tool for the best strategy of sensibilization and planning for the holm oak conservation.
Slimane Tabet; Mohammed Belhemra; Louis François; Abdelkrim Arar. Evaluation by prediction of the natural range shrinkage of Quercus ilex L. in eastern Algeria. Forestist 2018, 68, 7 -15.
AMA StyleSlimane Tabet, Mohammed Belhemra, Louis François, Abdelkrim Arar. Evaluation by prediction of the natural range shrinkage of Quercus ilex L. in eastern Algeria. Forestist. 2018; 68 (1):7-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSlimane Tabet; Mohammed Belhemra; Louis François; Abdelkrim Arar. 2018. "Evaluation by prediction of the natural range shrinkage of Quercus ilex L. in eastern Algeria." Forestist 68, no. 1: 7-15.
Crop growth simulation models can differ greatly in their treatment of key processes and hence in their response to environmental conditions. Here, we used an ensemble of 26 process-based wheat models applied at sites across a European transect to compare their sensitivity to changes in temperature (−2 to +9°C) and precipitation (−50 to +50%). Model results were analysed by plotting them as impact response surfaces (IRSs), classifying the IRS patterns of individual model simulations, describing these classes and analysing factors that may explain the major differences in model responses. The model ensemble was used to simulate yields of winter and spring wheat at four sites in Finland, Germany and Spain. Results were plotted as IRSs that show changes in yields relative to the baseline with respect to temperature and precipitation. IRSs of 30-year means and selected extreme years were classified using two approaches describing their pattern.The expert diagnostic approach (EDA) combines two aspects of IRS patterns: location of the maximum yield (nine classes) and strength of the yield response with respect to climate (four classes), resulting in a total of 36 combined classes defined using criteria pre-specified by experts. The statistical diagnostic approach (SDA) groups IRSs by comparing their pattern and magnitude, without attempting to interpret these features. It applies a hierarchical clustering method, grouping response patterns using a distance metric that combines the spatial correlation and Euclidian distance between IRS pairs. The two approaches were used to investigate whether different patterns of yield response could be related to different properties of the crop models, specifically their genealogy, calibration and process description. Although no single model property across a large model ensemble was found to explain the integrated yield response to temperature and precipitation perturbations, the application of the EDA and SDA approaches revealed their capability to distinguish: (i) stronger yield responses to precipitation for winter wheat than spring wheat; (ii) differing strengths of response to climate changes for years with anomalous weather conditions compared to period-average conditions; (iii) the influence of site conditions on yield patterns; (iv) similarities in IRS patterns among models with related genealogy; (v) similarities in IRS patterns for models with simpler process descriptions of root growth and water uptake compared to those with more complex descriptions; and (vi) a closer correspondence of IRS patterns in models using partitioning schemes to represent yield formation than in those using a harvest index. Such results can inform future crop modelling studies that seek to exploit the diversity of multi-model ensembles, by distinguishing ensemble members that span a wide range of responses as well as those that display implausible behaviour or strong mutual similarities
Stefan Fronzek; Nina Pirttioja; Timothy R. Carter; Marco Bindi; Holger Hoffmann; Taru Palosuo; Margarita Ruiz-Ramos; Fulu Tao; Miroslav Trnka; Marco Acutis; Senthold Asseng; Piotr Baranowski; Bruno Basso; Per Bodin; Samuel Buis; Davide Cammarano; Paola Deligios; Marie-France Destain; Benjamin Dumont; Frank Ewert; Roberto Ferrise; Louis François; Thomas Gaiser; Petr Hlavinka; Ingrid Jacquemin; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Chris Kollas; Jaromir Krzyszczak; Ignacio Lorite; Julien Minet; M Ines Minguez; Manuel Montesino; Marco Moriondo; Christoph Müller; Claas Nendel; Isik Öztürk; Alessia Perego; Alfredo Rodríguez; Alex C. Ruane; Françoise Ruget; Mattia Sanna; Mikhail Semenov; Cezary Sławiński; Pierre Stratonovitch; Iwan Supit; Katharina Waha; Enli Wang; Lianhai Wu; Zhigan Zhao; Reimund Rötter. Classifying multi-model wheat yield impact response surfaces showing sensitivity to temperature and precipitation change. Agricultural Systems 2018, 159, 209 -224.
AMA StyleStefan Fronzek, Nina Pirttioja, Timothy R. Carter, Marco Bindi, Holger Hoffmann, Taru Palosuo, Margarita Ruiz-Ramos, Fulu Tao, Miroslav Trnka, Marco Acutis, Senthold Asseng, Piotr Baranowski, Bruno Basso, Per Bodin, Samuel Buis, Davide Cammarano, Paola Deligios, Marie-France Destain, Benjamin Dumont, Frank Ewert, Roberto Ferrise, Louis François, Thomas Gaiser, Petr Hlavinka, Ingrid Jacquemin, Kurt Christian Kersebaum, Chris Kollas, Jaromir Krzyszczak, Ignacio Lorite, Julien Minet, M Ines Minguez, Manuel Montesino, Marco Moriondo, Christoph Müller, Claas Nendel, Isik Öztürk, Alessia Perego, Alfredo Rodríguez, Alex C. Ruane, Françoise Ruget, Mattia Sanna, Mikhail Semenov, Cezary Sławiński, Pierre Stratonovitch, Iwan Supit, Katharina Waha, Enli Wang, Lianhai Wu, Zhigan Zhao, Reimund Rötter. Classifying multi-model wheat yield impact response surfaces showing sensitivity to temperature and precipitation change. Agricultural Systems. 2018; 159 ():209-224.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStefan Fronzek; Nina Pirttioja; Timothy R. Carter; Marco Bindi; Holger Hoffmann; Taru Palosuo; Margarita Ruiz-Ramos; Fulu Tao; Miroslav Trnka; Marco Acutis; Senthold Asseng; Piotr Baranowski; Bruno Basso; Per Bodin; Samuel Buis; Davide Cammarano; Paola Deligios; Marie-France Destain; Benjamin Dumont; Frank Ewert; Roberto Ferrise; Louis François; Thomas Gaiser; Petr Hlavinka; Ingrid Jacquemin; Kurt Christian Kersebaum; Chris Kollas; Jaromir Krzyszczak; Ignacio Lorite; Julien Minet; M Ines Minguez; Manuel Montesino; Marco Moriondo; Christoph Müller; Claas Nendel; Isik Öztürk; Alessia Perego; Alfredo Rodríguez; Alex C. Ruane; Françoise Ruget; Mattia Sanna; Mikhail Semenov; Cezary Sławiński; Pierre Stratonovitch; Iwan Supit; Katharina Waha; Enli Wang; Lianhai Wu; Zhigan Zhao; Reimund Rötter. 2018. "Classifying multi-model wheat yield impact response surfaces showing sensitivity to temperature and precipitation change." Agricultural Systems 159, no. : 209-224.
This study reconstructs and interprets the changing range of Atlas cedar in northern Morocco over the last 9,000 years. A synthesis of fossil pollen records indicated that Atlas cedars occupied a wider range at lower elevations during the mid-Holocene than today. The mid-Holocene geographical expansion reflected low winter temperatures and higher water availability over the whole range of the Rif Mountains relative to modern conditions. A trend of increasing aridity observed after 6000 years BP progressively reduced the range of Atlas cedar and prompted its migration towards elevations above 1400 masl. To assess the impact of climate change on cedar populations over the last decades, we performed a transient model simulation for the period between 1960 and 2010. Our simulation showed that the range of Atlas cedar decreased by about 75% over the last 50 years and that the eastern populations of the range in the Rif Mountains were even more threatened by the overall lack of water availability than the western ones. Today, Atlas cedar populations in the Rif Mountains are persisting in restricted and isolated areas (Jbel Kelti, Talassemtane, Jbel Tiziren, Oursane, Tidighine) that we consider to be modern microrefugia. Conservation of these isolated populations is essential for the future survival of the species, preserving polymorphisms and the potential for population recovery under different climatic conditions.
Rachid Cheddadi; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Louis François; Frédéric Boyer; Mark Bush; Matthieu Carré; Eric Coissac; Paulo E. De Oliveira; Gentile Francesco Ficetola; Alain Hambuckers; KangYou Huang; Anne-Marie Lezine; Majda Nourelbait; Ali Rhoujjati; Pierre Taberlet; Fausto Sarmiento; Daniel Abel-Schaad; Francisca Alba Sánchez; Zhuo Zheng. Microrefugia, Climate Change, and Conservation of Cedrus atlantica in the Rif Mountains, Morocco. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 2017, 5, 1 .
AMA StyleRachid Cheddadi, Alexandra-Jane Henrot, Louis François, Frédéric Boyer, Mark Bush, Matthieu Carré, Eric Coissac, Paulo E. De Oliveira, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Alain Hambuckers, KangYou Huang, Anne-Marie Lezine, Majda Nourelbait, Ali Rhoujjati, Pierre Taberlet, Fausto Sarmiento, Daniel Abel-Schaad, Francisca Alba Sánchez, Zhuo Zheng. Microrefugia, Climate Change, and Conservation of Cedrus atlantica in the Rif Mountains, Morocco. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 2017; 5 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRachid Cheddadi; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Louis François; Frédéric Boyer; Mark Bush; Matthieu Carré; Eric Coissac; Paulo E. De Oliveira; Gentile Francesco Ficetola; Alain Hambuckers; KangYou Huang; Anne-Marie Lezine; Majda Nourelbait; Ali Rhoujjati; Pierre Taberlet; Fausto Sarmiento; Daniel Abel-Schaad; Francisca Alba Sánchez; Zhuo Zheng. 2017. "Microrefugia, Climate Change, and Conservation of Cedrus atlantica in the Rif Mountains, Morocco." Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 5, no. : 1.
Terrestrial gross primary productivity (GPP) is the largest component of the global carbon cycle and a key process for understanding land ecosystems dynamics. In this study, we used GPP estimates from a combination of eight global biome models participating in the Inter-Sectoral Impact-Model Intercomparison Project phase 2a (ISIMIP2a), the Moderate Resolution Spectroradiometer (MODIS) GPP product, and a data-driven product (Model Tree Ensemble, MTE) to study the spatiotemporal variability of GPP at the regional and global levels. We found the 2000–2010 total global GPP estimated from the model ensemble to be 117 ± 13 Pg C yr−1 (mean ± 1 standard deviation), which was higher than MODIS (112 Pg C yr−1), and close to the MTE (120 Pg C yr−1). The spatial patterns of MODIS, MTE and ISIMIP2a GPP generally agree well, but their temporal trends are different, and the seasonality and inter-annual variability of GPP at the regional and global levels are not completely consistent. For the model ensemble, Tropical Latin America contributes the most to global GPP, Asian regions contribute the most to the global GPP trend, the Northern Hemisphere regions dominate the global GPP seasonal variations, and Oceania is likely the largest contributor to inter-annual variability of global GPP. However, we observed large uncertainties across the eight ISIMIP2a models, which are probably due to the differences in the formulation of underlying photosynthetic processes. The results of this study are useful in understanding the contributions of different regions to global GPP and its spatiotemporal variability, how the model- and observational-based GPP estimates differ from each other in time and space, and the relative strength of the eight models. Our results also highlight the models' ability to capture the seasonality of GPP that are essential for understanding the inter-annual and seasonal variability of GPP as a major component of the carbon cycle.
Min Chen; Rashid Rafique; Ghassem R Asrar; Ben Bond-Lamberty; Philippe Ciais; Fang Zhao; Christopher Reyer; Sebastian Ostberg; Jinfeng Chang; Akihiko Ito; Jia Yang; Ning Zeng; Eugenia Kalnay; Tristram West; Guoyong Leng; Louis Francois; Guy Munhoven; Alexandra Henrot; Hanqin Tian; Shufen Pan; Kazuya Nishina; Nicolas Viovy; Catherine Morfopoulos; Richard Betts; Sibyll Schaphoff; Joerg Steinkamp; Thomas Hickler. Regional contribution to variability and trends of global gross primary productivity. Environmental Research Letters 2017, 12, 105005 .
AMA StyleMin Chen, Rashid Rafique, Ghassem R Asrar, Ben Bond-Lamberty, Philippe Ciais, Fang Zhao, Christopher Reyer, Sebastian Ostberg, Jinfeng Chang, Akihiko Ito, Jia Yang, Ning Zeng, Eugenia Kalnay, Tristram West, Guoyong Leng, Louis Francois, Guy Munhoven, Alexandra Henrot, Hanqin Tian, Shufen Pan, Kazuya Nishina, Nicolas Viovy, Catherine Morfopoulos, Richard Betts, Sibyll Schaphoff, Joerg Steinkamp, Thomas Hickler. Regional contribution to variability and trends of global gross primary productivity. Environmental Research Letters. 2017; 12 (10):105005.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMin Chen; Rashid Rafique; Ghassem R Asrar; Ben Bond-Lamberty; Philippe Ciais; Fang Zhao; Christopher Reyer; Sebastian Ostberg; Jinfeng Chang; Akihiko Ito; Jia Yang; Ning Zeng; Eugenia Kalnay; Tristram West; Guoyong Leng; Louis Francois; Guy Munhoven; Alexandra Henrot; Hanqin Tian; Shufen Pan; Kazuya Nishina; Nicolas Viovy; Catherine Morfopoulos; Richard Betts; Sibyll Schaphoff; Joerg Steinkamp; Thomas Hickler. 2017. "Regional contribution to variability and trends of global gross primary productivity." Environmental Research Letters 12, no. 10: 105005.
Process-based vegetation models are crucial tools to better understand biosphere-atmosphere exchanges and ecophysiological responses to climate change. In this contribution the performance of two global dynamic vegetation models, i.e. CARAIB and ISBACC, and one stand-scale forest model, i.e. 4C, was compared to long-term observed net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) time series from eddy covariance monitoring stations at three old-grown European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest stands. Residual analysis, wavelet analysis and singular spectrum analysis were used beside conventional scalar statistical measures to assess model performance with the aim of defining future targets for model improvement. We found that the most important errors for all three models occurred at the edges of the observed NEE distribution and the model errors were correlated with environmental variables on a daily scale. These observations point to possible projection issues under more extreme future climate conditions. Recurrent patterns in the residuals over the course of the year were linked to the approach to simulate phenology and physiological evolution during leaf development and senescence. Substantial model errors occurred on the multi-annual time scale, possibly caused by the lack of inclusion of management actions and disturbances. Other crucial processes defined were the forest structure and the vertical light partitioning through the canopy. Further, model errors were shown not to be transmitted from one time scale to another. We proved that models should be evaluated across multiple sites, preferably using multiple evaluation methods, to identify processes that request reconsideration.
Joanna A. Horemans; Alexandra Henrot; Christine Delire; Chris Kollas; Petra Lasch-Born; Christopher Reyer; Felicitas Suckow; Louis François; Reinhart Ceulemans. Combining multiple statistical methods to evaluate the performance of process-based vegetation models across three forest stands. Central European Forestry Journal 2017, 63, 153 -172.
AMA StyleJoanna A. Horemans, Alexandra Henrot, Christine Delire, Chris Kollas, Petra Lasch-Born, Christopher Reyer, Felicitas Suckow, Louis François, Reinhart Ceulemans. Combining multiple statistical methods to evaluate the performance of process-based vegetation models across three forest stands. Central European Forestry Journal. 2017; 63 (4):153-172.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoanna A. Horemans; Alexandra Henrot; Christine Delire; Chris Kollas; Petra Lasch-Born; Christopher Reyer; Felicitas Suckow; Louis François; Reinhart Ceulemans. 2017. "Combining multiple statistical methods to evaluate the performance of process-based vegetation models across three forest stands." Central European Forestry Journal 63, no. 4: 153-172.
Akihiko Ito; Kazuya Nishina; Christopher Reyer; Louis François; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Guy Munhoven; Ingrid Jacquemin; Hanqin Tian; Jia Yang; Shufen Pan; Catherine Morfopoulos; Richard Betts; Thomas Hickler; Joerg Steinkamp; Sebastian Ostberg; Sibyll Schaphoff; Philippe Ciais; Jinfeng Chang; Rashid Rafique; Ning Zeng; Fang Zhao. Photosynthetic productivity and its efficiencies in ISIMIP2a biome models: benchmarking for impact assessment studies. Environmental Research Letters 2017, 12, 085001 .
AMA StyleAkihiko Ito, Kazuya Nishina, Christopher Reyer, Louis François, Alexandra-Jane Henrot, Guy Munhoven, Ingrid Jacquemin, Hanqin Tian, Jia Yang, Shufen Pan, Catherine Morfopoulos, Richard Betts, Thomas Hickler, Joerg Steinkamp, Sebastian Ostberg, Sibyll Schaphoff, Philippe Ciais, Jinfeng Chang, Rashid Rafique, Ning Zeng, Fang Zhao. Photosynthetic productivity and its efficiencies in ISIMIP2a biome models: benchmarking for impact assessment studies. Environmental Research Letters. 2017; 12 (8):085001.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkihiko Ito; Kazuya Nishina; Christopher Reyer; Louis François; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Guy Munhoven; Ingrid Jacquemin; Hanqin Tian; Jia Yang; Shufen Pan; Catherine Morfopoulos; Richard Betts; Thomas Hickler; Joerg Steinkamp; Sebastian Ostberg; Sibyll Schaphoff; Philippe Ciais; Jinfeng Chang; Rashid Rafique; Ning Zeng; Fang Zhao. 2017. "Photosynthetic productivity and its efficiencies in ISIMIP2a biome models: benchmarking for impact assessment studies." Environmental Research Letters 12, no. 8: 085001.
Amaury Daste; Marion Laine; Marine Gross-Goupil; Jean-Christophe Bernhard; Louis François; Alain Ravaud; Lemonnier François. Pulmonary arterial hypertension due to an intratumoral shunt: an unexpected side effect of sunitinib. Future Oncology 2017, 13, 1219 -1221.
AMA StyleAmaury Daste, Marion Laine, Marine Gross-Goupil, Jean-Christophe Bernhard, Louis François, Alain Ravaud, Lemonnier François. Pulmonary arterial hypertension due to an intratumoral shunt: an unexpected side effect of sunitinib. Future Oncology. 2017; 13 (14):1219-1221.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmaury Daste; Marion Laine; Marine Gross-Goupil; Jean-Christophe Bernhard; Louis François; Alain Ravaud; Lemonnier François. 2017. "Pulmonary arterial hypertension due to an intratumoral shunt: an unexpected side effect of sunitinib." Future Oncology 13, no. 14: 1219-1221.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the eight ISIMIP2a biome models against independent estimates of long-term net carbon fluxes (i.e. Net Biome Productivity, NBP) over terrestrial ecosystems for the recent four decades (1971–2010). We evaluate modeled global NBP against 1) the updated global residual land sink (RLS) plus land use emissions (E LUC) from the Global Carbon Project (GCP), presented as R + L in this study by Le Quéré et al (2015), and 2) the land CO2 fluxes from two atmospheric inversion systems: Jena CarboScope s81_v3.8 and CAMS v15r2, referred to as F Jena and F CAMS respectively. The model ensemble-mean NBP (that includes seven models with land-use change) is higher than but within the uncertainty of R + L, while the simulated positive NBP trend over the last 30 yr is lower than that from R + L and from the two inversion systems. ISIMIP2a biome models well capture the interannual variation of global net terrestrial ecosystem carbon fluxes. Tropical NBP represents 31 ± 17% of global total NBP during the past decades, and the year-to-year variation of tropical NBP contributes most of the interannual variation of global NBP. According to the models, increasing Net Primary Productivity (NPP) was the main cause for the generally increasing NBP. Significant global NBP anomalies from the long-term mean between the two phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are simulated by all models (p < 0.05), which is consistent with the R + L estimate (p = 0.06), also mainly attributed to NPP anomalies, rather than to changes in heterotrophic respiration (Rh). The global NPP and NBP anomalies during ENSO events are dominated by their anomalies in tropical regions impacted by tropical climate variability. Multiple regressions between R + L, F Jena and F CAMS interannual variations and tropical climate variations reveal a significant negative response of global net terrestrial ecosystem carbon fluxes to tropical mean annual temperature variation, and a non-significant response to tropical annual precipitation variation. According to the models, tropical precipitation is a more important driver, suggesting that some models do not capture the roles of precipitation and temperature changes adequately.
Jinfeng Chang; Philippe Ciais; Xuhui Wang; Shilong Piao; Ghassem Asrar; Richard Betts; Frédéric Chevallier; Marie Dury; Louis François; Katja Frieler; Anselmo García Cantú Ros; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Thomas Hickler; Akihiko Ito; Catherine Morfopoulos; Guy Munhoven; Kazuya Nishina; Sebastian Ostberg; Shufen Pan; Shushi Peng; Rashid Rafique; Christopher Reyer; Christian Rödenbeck; Sibyll Schaphoff; Joerg Steinkamp; Hanqin Tian; Nicolas Viovy; Jia Yang; Ning Zeng; Fang Zhao. Benchmarking carbon fluxes of the ISIMIP2a biome models. Environmental Research Letters 2017, 12, 045002 .
AMA StyleJinfeng Chang, Philippe Ciais, Xuhui Wang, Shilong Piao, Ghassem Asrar, Richard Betts, Frédéric Chevallier, Marie Dury, Louis François, Katja Frieler, Anselmo García Cantú Ros, Alexandra-Jane Henrot, Thomas Hickler, Akihiko Ito, Catherine Morfopoulos, Guy Munhoven, Kazuya Nishina, Sebastian Ostberg, Shufen Pan, Shushi Peng, Rashid Rafique, Christopher Reyer, Christian Rödenbeck, Sibyll Schaphoff, Joerg Steinkamp, Hanqin Tian, Nicolas Viovy, Jia Yang, Ning Zeng, Fang Zhao. Benchmarking carbon fluxes of the ISIMIP2a biome models. Environmental Research Letters. 2017; 12 (4):045002.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinfeng Chang; Philippe Ciais; Xuhui Wang; Shilong Piao; Ghassem Asrar; Richard Betts; Frédéric Chevallier; Marie Dury; Louis François; Katja Frieler; Anselmo García Cantú Ros; Alexandra-Jane Henrot; Thomas Hickler; Akihiko Ito; Catherine Morfopoulos; Guy Munhoven; Kazuya Nishina; Sebastian Ostberg; Shufen Pan; Shushi Peng; Rashid Rafique; Christopher Reyer; Christian Rödenbeck; Sibyll Schaphoff; Joerg Steinkamp; Hanqin Tian; Nicolas Viovy; Jia Yang; Ning Zeng; Fang Zhao. 2017. "Benchmarking carbon fluxes of the ISIMIP2a biome models." Environmental Research Letters 12, no. 4: 045002.
A.-J. Henrot; T. Utescher; B. Erdei; M. Dury; N. Hamon; G. Ramstein; Mario Krapp; N. Herold; A. Goldner; E. Favre; G. Munhoven; Louis François. Middle Miocene climate and vegetation models and their validation with proxy data. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2017, 467, 95 -119.
AMA StyleA.-J. Henrot, T. Utescher, B. Erdei, M. Dury, N. Hamon, G. Ramstein, Mario Krapp, N. Herold, A. Goldner, E. Favre, G. Munhoven, Louis François. Middle Miocene climate and vegetation models and their validation with proxy data. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2017; 467 ():95-119.
Chicago/Turabian StyleA.-J. Henrot; T. Utescher; B. Erdei; M. Dury; N. Hamon; G. Ramstein; Mario Krapp; N. Herold; A. Goldner; E. Favre; G. Munhoven; Louis François. 2017. "Middle Miocene climate and vegetation models and their validation with proxy data." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 467, no. : 95-119.
Louis François; Angela A. Bruch; Torsten Utescher; Robert A. Spicer; Teresa Spicer. Reconstructing Cenozoic vegetation from proxy data and models – A NECLIME synthesis (Editorial). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 2017, 467, 1 -4.
AMA StyleLouis François, Angela A. Bruch, Torsten Utescher, Robert A. Spicer, Teresa Spicer. Reconstructing Cenozoic vegetation from proxy data and models – A NECLIME synthesis (Editorial). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 2017; 467 ():1-4.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLouis François; Angela A. Bruch; Torsten Utescher; Robert A. Spicer; Teresa Spicer. 2017. "Reconstructing Cenozoic vegetation from proxy data and models – A NECLIME synthesis (Editorial)." Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 467, no. : 1-4.
Amaury Daste; Erwan De Mones; Charles Dupin; Louis François; Alain Ravaud; Laurence Digue; Lemonnier François. m-TOR inhibitor as potential radiosensitizer for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case report of an organ transplant patient and review of the literature. Oral Oncology 2016, 62, e1 -e2.
AMA StyleAmaury Daste, Erwan De Mones, Charles Dupin, Louis François, Alain Ravaud, Laurence Digue, Lemonnier François. m-TOR inhibitor as potential radiosensitizer for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case report of an organ transplant patient and review of the literature. Oral Oncology. 2016; 62 ():e1-e2.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmaury Daste; Erwan De Mones; Charles Dupin; Louis François; Alain Ravaud; Laurence Digue; Lemonnier François. 2016. "m-TOR inhibitor as potential radiosensitizer for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A case report of an organ transplant patient and review of the literature." Oral Oncology 62, no. : e1-e2.
The Ourthe River, in the south-east of Belgium, has a catchment area of 3500 km2 and is one of the main tributaries of the Meuse River. In the Ourthe, most of the flood events (FE) occur during winter and about 50% of them are due to heavy rainfall events combined with an abrupt melting of the snowpack covering the Ardennes massif during winter. This study aims to determine whether trends in extreme hydroclimatic events generating floods can be detected over the last century in Belgium, where a global warming signal can be observed. Hydroclimatic conditions favourable to floods were reconstructed over 1959–2010 using the regional climate model MAR (‘Modèle Atmosphérique Régional’) forced by the ERA-Interim/ERA-40, the ERA-20C and the NCEP/NCAR-v1 reanalyses. Extreme run-off events, which could potentially generate floods, were detected using run-off caused by precipitation events and snowpack melting from the MAR model. In the validation process, the MAR-driven temperature, precipitation and snow depth were successfully compared to daily weather data over the period 2008–2014 for 20 stations in Belgium. MAR also showed its ability to detect up to 90% of the hydroclimatic conditions which effectively generated observed floods in the Ourthe River over the period 1974–2010. Conditions favourable to floods in the Ourthe River catchment present a negative trend over the period 1959–2010 as a result of a decrease in snow accumulation and a shortening of the snow season. This trend is expected to accelerate in a warmer climate. However, regarding the impact of the extreme precipitation events evolution on conditions favouring floods, the signal is less clear because the trends depend on the reanalysis used to force the MAR model.
Coraline Wyard; Chloé Scholzen; Xavier Fettweis; Jean Van Campenhout; Louis François. Decrease in climatic conditions favouring floods in the south-east of Belgium over 1959-2010 using the regional climate model MAR. International Journal of Climatology 2016, 37, 2782 -2796.
AMA StyleCoraline Wyard, Chloé Scholzen, Xavier Fettweis, Jean Van Campenhout, Louis François. Decrease in climatic conditions favouring floods in the south-east of Belgium over 1959-2010 using the regional climate model MAR. International Journal of Climatology. 2016; 37 (5):2782-2796.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCoraline Wyard; Chloé Scholzen; Xavier Fettweis; Jean Van Campenhout; Louis François. 2016. "Decrease in climatic conditions favouring floods in the south-east of Belgium over 1959-2010 using the regional climate model MAR." International Journal of Climatology 37, no. 5: 2782-2796.
Amaury Daste; Marine Gross-Goupil; Amandine Quivy; Louis François; Jean-Christophe Bernhard; Alain Ravaud; Lemonnier François. Efficacy of Rechallenge of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patient With Sunitinib After Prior Resistance to Axitinib: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clinical Genitourinary Cancer 2016, 14, e525 -e527.
AMA StyleAmaury Daste, Marine Gross-Goupil, Amandine Quivy, Louis François, Jean-Christophe Bernhard, Alain Ravaud, Lemonnier François. Efficacy of Rechallenge of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patient With Sunitinib After Prior Resistance to Axitinib: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Clinical Genitourinary Cancer. 2016; 14 (5):e525-e527.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAmaury Daste; Marine Gross-Goupil; Amandine Quivy; Louis François; Jean-Christophe Bernhard; Alain Ravaud; Lemonnier François. 2016. "Efficacy of Rechallenge of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patient With Sunitinib After Prior Resistance to Axitinib: Case Report and Review of the Literature." Clinical Genitourinary Cancer 14, no. 5: e525-e527.