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Jiaxin Jin
National Earth System Science Data Center, National Science & Technology Infrastructure of China, Beijing 100101, China

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Journal article
Published: 08 August 2021 in Sustainability
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Satellite-based land cover products play a crucial role in sustainability. There are several types of land cover products, such as qualitative products with discrete classes, semiquantitative products with several classes at a predetermined ratio, and quantitative products with land cover fractions. The proportions of land cover types in the grids with coarse resolution should be considered when used at the regional scale (e.g., modeling and remote sensing inversion). However, uncertainty, which varies with spatial distribution and resolution, needs to be studied further. This study used MCD12, ESA CCI, and MEaSURES VCF land cover data as indicators of qualitative, semiquantitative, and quantitative products, respectively, to explore the uncertainty of multisource land cover data. The methods of maximum area aggregation, deviation analysis, and least squares regression were used to investigate spatiotemporal changes in forests and nontree vegetation at diverse pixel resolutions across China. The results showed that the average difference in forest coverage for the three products was 8%, and the average deviation was 11.2%. For forest cover, the VCF and ESA CCI exhibited high consistency. For nontree vegetation, the ESA CCI and MODIS exhibited the lowest differences. The overall uncertainty in the temporal and spatial changes of the three products was relatively small, but there were significant differences in local areas (e.g., southeastern hills). Notably, as the spatial resolution decreased, the three products’ uncertainty decreased, and the resolution of 0.1° was the inflection point of consistency.

ACS Style

Longhao Wang; Jiaxin Jin. Uncertainty Analysis of Multisource Land Cover Products in China. Sustainability 2021, 13, 8857 .

AMA Style

Longhao Wang, Jiaxin Jin. Uncertainty Analysis of Multisource Land Cover Products in China. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):8857.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Longhao Wang; Jiaxin Jin. 2021. "Uncertainty Analysis of Multisource Land Cover Products in China." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 8857.

Journal article
Published: 07 April 2021 in Ecological Indicators
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Vegetation phenology is a commonly used indicator of climate-vegetation interactions, which also plays a crucial role in regulating gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) and ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE, defined as the ratio between GPP and ET). Actually, quantitative evaluation of the impact of phenology on WUE is critical yet lacking. In this study we detected the interannual variations of autumn WUE, GPP and ET and conducted Redundancy analysis (RDA) to quantitatively assess their responses to autumn end of growing season (EOS) in the grassland ecosystem across the Tibetan Plateau. Our study found that the delayed EOS increased the daily mean GPP but meanwhile increased the ET in autumn, rather than enhanced the WUE. Over the entire Tibetan Plateau, the daily GPP and ET in the autumn of the steppe were dominated by the delayed EOS, with the explanatory power of EOS to GPP and ET of 75.90% (P < 0.01) and 21.80% (P < 0.05). An one day delay of the EOS increased the daily GPP and ET by 0.05 × 10−1 gC m−1 day−1 (P < 0.01) and 0.27 × 10−1 mm day−1 (P < 0.01), respectively. Furthermore, the EOS agreed on a positive correlation with daily GPP and ET in different ecoregions and the interannual variations of WUE for the meadow and steppe in the different ecoregions across the Tibetan Plateau did not show significant trend because of this same increasing pattern of GPP and ET form the delayed EOS. This study highlights the impacts of EOS on the interannual changes of the GPP, ET and WUE in autumn in a large cold and semiarid/arid area, which indicated that phenology should be regard as a crucial indicator in the process of carbon water coupling cycles and their biological regulatory mechanisms in terrestrial ecosystems.

ACS Style

Min Cheng; Jiaxin Jin; Hong Jiang. Strong impacts of autumn phenology on grassland ecosystem water use efficiency on the Tibetan Plateau. Ecological Indicators 2021, 126, 107682 .

AMA Style

Min Cheng, Jiaxin Jin, Hong Jiang. Strong impacts of autumn phenology on grassland ecosystem water use efficiency on the Tibetan Plateau. Ecological Indicators. 2021; 126 ():107682.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Cheng; Jiaxin Jin; Hong Jiang. 2021. "Strong impacts of autumn phenology on grassland ecosystem water use efficiency on the Tibetan Plateau." Ecological Indicators 126, no. : 107682.

Original paper
Published: 18 April 2020 in International Journal of Biometeorology
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Spring greening has been widely observed across the Northern Hemisphere (NH) using a remotely sensed vegetation index (e.g., the normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI). However, there is still a debate on the ecological effects of spring greening on seasonal carbon and water budgets. This study jointly investigated the concurrent and lagged effects of spring greening on carbon gain (gross primary productivity, GPP) and water loss (evapotranspiration, ET) in the summer-active ecosystems at mid and high latitudes of NH using remote sensing and multimodel ensemble data during 1982-2013. The results showed that the collective promotion of spring greening to concurrent GPP and ET is widespread despite variations in magnitude and significance. Both beneficial and adverse lagged effects of spring greening on summer GPP commonly appear with an obvious spatial heterogeneity and difference among climate-plant types. However, the expected significant suppression of spring greening to summer GPP was rarely observed even in the areas where spring ET was significantly promoted by spring greening. Nevertheless, when drought was taken into account, the response patterns of spring water use to spring greening varied to some extent, and the adverse lagged effect of spring greening to summer GPP appeared or strengthened in some regions, especially during the years with dry summer. Given the predicted warming of the climate and more frequent climatic extremes, the adverse effect of spring greening should be given more attention.

ACS Style

Jiaxin Jin; Fengsheng Guo; Sebastian Sippel; Qingsong Zhu; Weifeng Wang; Baojing Gu; Ying Wang. Concurrent and lagged effects of spring greening on seasonal carbon gain and water loss across the Northern Hemisphere. International Journal of Biometeorology 2020, 64, 1343 -1354.

AMA Style

Jiaxin Jin, Fengsheng Guo, Sebastian Sippel, Qingsong Zhu, Weifeng Wang, Baojing Gu, Ying Wang. Concurrent and lagged effects of spring greening on seasonal carbon gain and water loss across the Northern Hemisphere. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2020; 64 (8):1343-1354.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaxin Jin; Fengsheng Guo; Sebastian Sippel; Qingsong Zhu; Weifeng Wang; Baojing Gu; Ying Wang. 2020. "Concurrent and lagged effects of spring greening on seasonal carbon gain and water loss across the Northern Hemisphere." International Journal of Biometeorology 64, no. 8: 1343-1354.

Journal article
Published: 04 December 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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The Jing-Jin-Ji urban group (JJJug), the Yangtze River Delta urban group (YRDug) and the Pearl River Delta urban group (PRDug) are major urban groups of eastern China that play crucial roles in the economy and ecology. With rapid urbanization, demand for land for urban construction has significantly increased, causing direct and indirect losses of forests. At the same time, forest protection and restoration are being promoted in the construction of forested urban groups in response to the 13th Five-Year Plan for forestry development of China in the abovementioned regions. These inevitable contradictory demands for land may inhibit regional sustainable development. However, how forest coverage changed and its ecological impacts in recent decades have rarely been systematically evaluated. To address this issue, this paper quantitatively investigated the spatial and temporal variations in forest coverage and the evolution of landscape patterns using remote sensing data across the JJJug, the YRDug and the PRDug from 1992 to 2015. The results show that forest coverage in the JJJug first increased and then decreased, while that in the YRDug and the PRDug showed a sustained decline during the study period. In the case of land displacement, on the one hand, the three urban groups exhibited a transition from forest to farmland in the forest-farm ecotone at medium and high altitudes. On the other hand, grassland and shrubland were changed into forest mainly in the outer suburbs. Furthermore, in general, the landscape fragmentation in the urban groups significantly increased because of urban expansion. Besides, that of the JJJug exhibited an obvious spatial heterogeneity with a decline in the north while an increase in the south. Overall, unbalanced forest displacement, which could lead to a negative effect on both forest-coverage quantity and landscape quality, should be given more attention in the future development of forested urban groups.

ACS Style

Yingying Ji; Jiaxin Jin; Qingsong Zhu; Shijie Zhou; Ying Wang; Pengxiang Wang; Yuanyuan Xiao; Fengsheng Guo; Xudong Lin; Jianhui Xu. Unbalanced forest displacement across the coastal urban groups of eastern China in recent decades. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 705, 135900 .

AMA Style

Yingying Ji, Jiaxin Jin, Qingsong Zhu, Shijie Zhou, Ying Wang, Pengxiang Wang, Yuanyuan Xiao, Fengsheng Guo, Xudong Lin, Jianhui Xu. Unbalanced forest displacement across the coastal urban groups of eastern China in recent decades. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 705 ():135900.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yingying Ji; Jiaxin Jin; Qingsong Zhu; Shijie Zhou; Ying Wang; Pengxiang Wang; Yuanyuan Xiao; Fengsheng Guo; Xudong Lin; Jianhui Xu. 2019. "Unbalanced forest displacement across the coastal urban groups of eastern China in recent decades." Science of The Total Environment 705, no. : 135900.

Journal article
Published: 29 August 2019 in Remote Sensing
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Cultivated land productivity is a basic guarantee of food security. This study extracted the multiple cropping index (MCI) and most active days (MAD, i.e., days when the EVI exceeded a threshold) based on crop growth EVI curves to analyse the changes and potential characteristics of cultivated land productivity in Jiangsu Province during 2001–2017. The results are as follows: (1) The MCI of 83.8% of cultivated land remained unchanged in Jiangsu, the cultivated land with changed MCI (16.2%) was mainly concentrated in the southern and eastern coastal areas of Jiangsu, and the main cropping systems were single and double seasons. (2) The changes in cultivated land productivity were significant and had an obvious spatial distribution. The areas where the productivity of single cropping system changed occupied 67.8% of the total cultivated land of single cropping system, and the decreased areas (46.5%) were concentrated in southern Jiangsu. (3) For double cropping systems, the percentages of the changed productivity areas accounting for cultivated land were 82.7% and 73.3%. The decreased areas were distributed in central Jiangsu. In addition, the productivity of the first crop showed an overall (72%) increasing trend and increased areas (40.8%) of the second crop were found in northern Jiangsu. (4) During 2001–2017, cultivated land productivity greatly improved in Jiangsu. In the areas where productivity increased, the proportions of cultivated land with productivity potential space greater than 20% in single and double cropping systems were greater than 60% and 90%, respectively. In the areas where productivity decreased, greater than 25% and 75% of cultivated land had potential space in greater than 80% of the single and double cropping systems, respectively. This result shows that productivity still has much room for development in Jiangsu. This study provides new insight for studying cultivated land productivity and provides references for guiding agricultural production.

ACS Style

Weiyi Xu; Jiaxin Jin; Yuanyuan Xiao; Jie Ren; Jing Liu; Rui Sun; Yinkang Zhou. Analysis of Changes and Potential Characteristics of Cultivated Land Productivity based on MODIS EVI: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China. Remote Sensing 2019, 11, 2041 .

AMA Style

Weiyi Xu, Jiaxin Jin, Yuanyuan Xiao, Jie Ren, Jing Liu, Rui Sun, Yinkang Zhou. Analysis of Changes and Potential Characteristics of Cultivated Land Productivity based on MODIS EVI: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China. Remote Sensing. 2019; 11 (17):2041.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Weiyi Xu; Jiaxin Jin; Yuanyuan Xiao; Jie Ren; Jing Liu; Rui Sun; Yinkang Zhou. 2019. "Analysis of Changes and Potential Characteristics of Cultivated Land Productivity based on MODIS EVI: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China." Remote Sensing 11, no. 17: 2041.

Journal article
Published: 17 August 2019 in Sustainability
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China is building forest urban groups through reforestation and afforestation. However, the fast process of urbanization inevitably conflicts with multiple vegetated areas around cities. Hence, it is critical to evaluate the changes in regional vegetation cover and its spatial pattern due to complex natural and anthropogenic factors. Nevertheless, systematic studies to quantify and compare the development of forest urban agglomerations were rarely reported. Based on a remote sensing landcover dataset from 1992 to 2015, this study investigated forest cover changes and the impacts on landscape pattern in several urban groups, and tried to explore their differences between the inland and coastal regions of China. The results showed that over the past 24 years, the forest coverage in the coastal urban agglomerations declined (103 km2/year) while it increased (26 km2/year) in the inland urban agglomerations. There was a certain conflict between forest and cropland for the coastal urban agglomerations where the forest area converted to cropland accounted for 61.9% of the total forest loss. The increase in forests coverage in inland urban agglomerations mainly came from grassland which nearly accounted for 66.47% of the total increase. The landscape diversity has also changed in areas where forests have changed significantly (e.g., Shanghai, Changzhi, and Jincheng).

ACS Style

Qingsong Zhu; Jiaxin Jin; Pengxiang Wang; Yingying Ji; Yuanyuan Xiao; Fengsheng Guo; Changsheng Deng; Lisha Qu. Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades. Sustainability 2019, 11, 4451 .

AMA Style

Qingsong Zhu, Jiaxin Jin, Pengxiang Wang, Yingying Ji, Yuanyuan Xiao, Fengsheng Guo, Changsheng Deng, Lisha Qu. Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (16):4451.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Qingsong Zhu; Jiaxin Jin; Pengxiang Wang; Yingying Ji; Yuanyuan Xiao; Fengsheng Guo; Changsheng Deng; Lisha Qu. 2019. "Contrasting Trends of Forest Coverage between the Inland and Coastal Urban Groups of China over the Past Decades." Sustainability 11, no. 16: 4451.

Research paper
Published: 20 May 2019 in Science China Earth Sciences
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Ecosystem-scale water-use efficiency (WUE) is an important indicator for understanding the intimately coupled relationship between carbon and water cycles in ecosystems. Previous studies have suggested that both abiotic and biotic factors have significant effects on WUE in forest ecosystems. However, responses of WUE to phenology in the context of climate change remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity and response patterns of seasonal WUE to phenology in Zhejiang Province where typical subtropical forest ecosystems are located, and discussed potential causes of the changes of the sensitivity and response patterns along different climate gradient during 2000–2014. The results of interannual partial correlation analysis showed widespread negative correlations between WUE and the start of growing season (SOS) in spring. This is because the increase in gross primary product (GPP) is larger than that of evapotranspiration (ET), resulting from an advanced SOS. The positive correlation between WUE and SOS was widely observed in summer mainly because of water stress and plant ecological strategy. The autumn WUE enhanced with the delay in the end of growing season (EOS) mainly because of the increase in GPP meanwhile the decrease or steadiness in ET, resulting from a delayed EOS. In space, the sensitivity of spring WUE to SOS significantly decreased along the radiation gradient, which might be related to strong soil evaporation in high radiation area; the sensitivity of WUE to SOS in summer showed a positive correlation with precipitation and a negative correlation with temperature, respectively, which might be attributed to the compensation of GPP to the delayed SOS and water stress caused by high temperature. The sensitivity of WUE to EOS increased significantly along the radiation and precipitation gradients in autumn, which may be because the increase of radiation and precipitation provides more water and energy for photosynthesis.

ACS Style

Fengsheng Guo; Jiaxin Jin; Bin Yong; Ying Wang; Hong Jiang. Responses of water use efficiency to phenology in typical subtropical forest ecosystems—A case study in Zhejiang Province. Science China Earth Sciences 2019, 63, 145 -156.

AMA Style

Fengsheng Guo, Jiaxin Jin, Bin Yong, Ying Wang, Hong Jiang. Responses of water use efficiency to phenology in typical subtropical forest ecosystems—A case study in Zhejiang Province. Science China Earth Sciences. 2019; 63 (1):145-156.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fengsheng Guo; Jiaxin Jin; Bin Yong; Ying Wang; Hong Jiang. 2019. "Responses of water use efficiency to phenology in typical subtropical forest ecosystems—A case study in Zhejiang Province." Science China Earth Sciences 63, no. 1: 145-156.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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A clear interannual variability in annual production of grasslands (termed AEVI) has been reported over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Here, we explained the interannual variability of AEVI during 2001–2015 by two phenological metrics (the start and end of the growing season, termed SOS and EOS, respectively) and one physiological metric (the maximum capacity of canopy light absorbance, termed MEVI) using MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data over the TP. The results showed that the interannual variability of AEVI can be well attributed to not only the trends of, but also the sensitivities of AEVI to, the selected biological metrics. On the one hand, the advancing SOS and delaying EOS dominated the study area while both increased and decreased MEVI were observed. On the other hand, the AEVI responded negatively to the SOS and positively to the EOS and MEVI, exhibiting significant variations along the temperature and precipitation gradients. Hence, the current interannual variability of SOS and EOS mainly increased the AEVI; meanwhile, both enhancement and suppression of the interannual variability of MEVI to the AEVI were widespread over the TP. Overall, the interannual variability of MEVI mostly contributed to that of the AEVI, indicating a dominant role of the physiological metric rather than phenological metrics in carbon gain of TP grasslands. The achievements of this study are helpful to understand the underlying biological causes of the interannual variability of grassland production over the TP.

ACS Style

Jiaxin Jin; Xuanlong Ma; Huai Chen; Han Wang; XiaoMing Kang; Xufeng Wang; Ying Wang; Bin Yong; Fengsheng Guo. Grassland production in response to changes in biological metrics over the Tibetan Plateau. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 666, 641 -651.

AMA Style

Jiaxin Jin, Xuanlong Ma, Huai Chen, Han Wang, XiaoMing Kang, Xufeng Wang, Ying Wang, Bin Yong, Fengsheng Guo. Grassland production in response to changes in biological metrics over the Tibetan Plateau. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 666 ():641-651.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaxin Jin; Xuanlong Ma; Huai Chen; Han Wang; XiaoMing Kang; Xufeng Wang; Ying Wang; Bin Yong; Fengsheng Guo. 2019. "Grassland production in response to changes in biological metrics over the Tibetan Plateau." Science of The Total Environment 666, no. : 641-651.

Evaluation study
Published: 06 November 2018 in Scientific Reports
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Timely and accurate detection of microclimates is extremely valuable for monitoring and stimulating exchanges of mass and energy in forest ecosystems under climate change. Recently, the rapid growth of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has provided a new approach for detecting microclimates in a complex environment at multiple temporal and spatial scales. However, applications of wireless sensors in forest microclimate monitoring have rarely been studied, and the corresponding observation accuracy, error sources and correction methods are not well understood. In this study, through field experiments in two typical subtropical forest ecosystems in Zhejiang Province, China, the accuracy of the temperature and humidity observed by the wireless sensors was evaluated against standard meteorological data. Furthermore, the observation error sources were analyzed and corresponding correction models were established. The results showed that the wireless sensor-based temperature and humidity values performed well within the total observation accuracy. However, the observation errors varied with season, daily periodicity and weather conditions. For temperature, the wireless sensor observations were overestimated during the daytime while they were underestimated during the nighttime. For humidity, the data observed by the wireless sensors generally appeared as overestimates. Adopting humidity as the corrected factor, correction models were established and effectively improved the accuracy of the microclimatic data observed by the wireless sensors. Notably, our error analysis demonstrated that the observation errors may be associated with the shell material of the wireless sensor, suggesting that shading measures for the wireless sensors should be considered for outdoor work.

ACS Style

Jiaxin Jin; Ying Wang; Hong Jiang; Xiaofeng Chen. Evaluation of Microclimatic Detection by a Wireless Sensor Network in Forest Ecosystems. Scientific Reports 2018, 8, 16433 .

AMA Style

Jiaxin Jin, Ying Wang, Hong Jiang, Xiaofeng Chen. Evaluation of Microclimatic Detection by a Wireless Sensor Network in Forest Ecosystems. Scientific Reports. 2018; 8 (1):16433.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaxin Jin; Ying Wang; Hong Jiang; Xiaofeng Chen. 2018. "Evaluation of Microclimatic Detection by a Wireless Sensor Network in Forest Ecosystems." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1: 16433.

Review
Published: 24 April 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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Drought has been one of the most important limiting factors for crop production, which deleteriously affects food security worldwide. The main objective of the present study was to quantitatively assess the effect of drought on the agronomic traits (e.g., plant height, biomass, yield, and yield components) of rice and wheat in combination with several moderators (e.g., drought stress intensity, rooting environment, and growth stage) using a meta-analysis study. The database was created from 55 published studies on rice and 60 published studies on wheat. The results demonstrated that drought decreased the agronomic traits differently between rice and wheat among varying growth stages. Wheat and rice yields decreased by 27.5% and 25.4%, respectively. Wheat grown in pots showed greater decreases in agronomic traits than those grown in the field. Rice showed opposite growing patterns when compared to wheat in rooting environments. The effect of drought on rice increased with plant growth and drought had larger detrimental influences during the reproductive phase (e.g., blooming stage, filling stage, and maturity). However, an exception was found in wheat, which had similar decreased performance during the complete growth cycle. Based on these results, future droughts could produce lower yields of rice and wheat when compared to the current drought.

ACS Style

Jinmeng Zhang; Shiqiao Zhang; Min Cheng; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Changhui Peng; Xuehe Lu; Minxia Zhang; Jiaxin Jin. Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 839 .

AMA Style

Jinmeng Zhang, Shiqiao Zhang, Min Cheng, Hong Jiang, Xiuying Zhang, Changhui Peng, Xuehe Lu, Minxia Zhang, Jiaxin Jin. Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (5):839.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinmeng Zhang; Shiqiao Zhang; Min Cheng; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Changhui Peng; Xuehe Lu; Minxia Zhang; Jiaxin Jin. 2018. "Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 5: 839.

Journal article
Published: 19 April 2018 in Forests
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It is known that evapotranspiration (ET) differs before and after vegetation change in watersheds. However, impacts of vegetation change on ET remain incompletely understood. In this paper, we investigated the process-specific, nonclimatic contribution (mainly vegetation coverage changes) to ET at grid, sub-basin, and basin scales using observation and remote sensing data. The Poyang Lake Basin was selected as the study area, which experienced a fast vegetation restoration from 1983 to 2014. Our results showed that vegetation cover change produced contrasting effects on annual ET in magnitude and direction during shifts from a less covered to a more covered stage. At the early stage (1983–1990), with vegetation cover of 30%, vegetation cover change produced negative effects on ET over the basin. At the middle stage (1990–2000), the vegetation coverage increased at a fast pace and the negative effects gradually shifted to positive. At the late stage (2000–2014), the vegetation coverage remained high (over 60%) and maintained a positive relationship with ET. In summary, the vegetation effects are collaboratively influenced by both vegetation coverage and its change rate. Our findings should be helpful for a comprehensive understanding of complicated hydrological responses to anthropogenic revegetation.

ACS Style

Ying Wang; Yuanbo Liu; Jiaxin Jin. Contrast Effects of Vegetation Cover Change on Evapotranspiration during a Revegetation Period in the Poyang Lake Basin, China. Forests 2018, 9, 217 .

AMA Style

Ying Wang, Yuanbo Liu, Jiaxin Jin. Contrast Effects of Vegetation Cover Change on Evapotranspiration during a Revegetation Period in the Poyang Lake Basin, China. Forests. 2018; 9 (4):217.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ying Wang; Yuanbo Liu; Jiaxin Jin. 2018. "Contrast Effects of Vegetation Cover Change on Evapotranspiration during a Revegetation Period in the Poyang Lake Basin, China." Forests 9, no. 4: 217.

Review
Published: 21 February 2018 in Sustainability
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Persistent drought severely inhibits plant growth and productivity, which negatively affects terrestrial primary productivity worldwide. Therefore, it is important to investigate the impacts of drought on plant leaf CO2/H2O exchange and water use efficiency. This study assessed the responses of net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) to drought based on a worldwide meta-analysis of 112 published studies. The results demonstrated that drought decreased Pn, Tr, and Gs significantly and differently among different moderators. C4 plants had smaller Pn reduction than C3 plants, which gives C4 plants an advantage in Pn. But their WUE decreased under drought conditions, indicating a great flexibility in C4 WUE. Annual herbs sacrificed WUE (−6.2%) to maintain efficient Pn. Perennial herbs took a different strategy in response to drought with an increased WUE (25.1%). Deciduous tree species displayed a greater increase in WUE than conifers and evergreen species. Additionally, Gs had a significant correlation with Pn and Tr, but an insignificant correlation with WUE, which could be because WUE is affected by other factors (e.g., air flow, CO2 concentration, and relative humidity). These findings have significant implications for understanding the worldwide effects of drought on plant leaf CO2/H2O exchange and water use efficiency.

ACS Style

Jinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xinzhang Song; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang. The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis. Sustainability 2018, 10, 551 .

AMA Style

Jinmeng Zhang, Hong Jiang, Xinzhang Song, Jiaxin Jin, Xiuying Zhang. The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):551.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xinzhang Song; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang. 2018. "The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 551.

Articles
Published: 16 October 2017 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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Research in vegetation phenology change has been one heated topic of current ecological and climate change study. The Tibetan Plateau, as the highest plateau of the earth, is more vulnerable and sensitive to climate change than many other regions. In this region, shifts in vegetation phenology have been intensively studied during recent decades, primarily based on satellite-retrieved data. In this study, we explored the spatiotemporal changes of vegetation phenology for different land-cover types in the Tibetan Plateau and characterized their relationship with temperature and precipitation by using long-term time-series datasets of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from 1982 to 2014. Diverse phenological changes were observed for different land-cover types, with an advancing start of growing season (SOS), delaying end of growing season (EOS) and increasing length of growing season (LOS) in the eastern Tibetan Plateau where meadow was the dominant vegetation type, but with the opposite changes in the steppe and sparse herbaceous or sparse shrub regions which are mostly located in the northwestern and western edges of the Tibetan Plateau. Correlation analysis indicated that sufficient preseason precipitation may delay the SOS of evergreen forests in the southeastern Plateau and advance the SOS of steppe and sparse herbaceous or sparse shrub in relatively arid areas, while the advance of SOS in meadow areas could be related to higher preseason temperature. For EOS, because it is less sensitive to climate change than SOS, the response of EOS for different land-cover types to precipitation and temperature were more complicated across the Tibetan Plateau.

ACS Style

Min Cheng; Jiaxin Jin; Jinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Ruizheng Wang. Effect of climate change on vegetation phenology of different land-cover types on the Tibetan Plateau. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2017, 39, 470 -487.

AMA Style

Min Cheng, Jiaxin Jin, Jinmeng Zhang, Hong Jiang, Ruizheng Wang. Effect of climate change on vegetation phenology of different land-cover types on the Tibetan Plateau. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2017; 39 (2):470-487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Min Cheng; Jiaxin Jin; Jinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Ruizheng Wang. 2017. "Effect of climate change on vegetation phenology of different land-cover types on the Tibetan Plateau." International Journal of Remote Sensing 39, no. 2: 470-487.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2017 in Ecological Indicators
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ACS Style

Jiaxin Jin; Wenfeng Zhan; Ying Wang; Baojing Gu; Weifeng Wang; Hong Jiang; Xuehe Lu; Xiuying Zhang. Water use efficiency in response to interannual variations in flux-based photosynthetic onset in temperate deciduous broadleaf forests. Ecological Indicators 2017, 79, 122 -127.

AMA Style

Jiaxin Jin, Wenfeng Zhan, Ying Wang, Baojing Gu, Weifeng Wang, Hong Jiang, Xuehe Lu, Xiuying Zhang. Water use efficiency in response to interannual variations in flux-based photosynthetic onset in temperate deciduous broadleaf forests. Ecological Indicators. 2017; 79 ():122-127.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jiaxin Jin; Wenfeng Zhan; Ying Wang; Baojing Gu; Weifeng Wang; Hong Jiang; Xuehe Lu; Xiuying Zhang. 2017. "Water use efficiency in response to interannual variations in flux-based photosynthetic onset in temperate deciduous broadleaf forests." Ecological Indicators 79, no. : 122-127.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2016 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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Nature reserve establishment can lead to conflict with some stakeholders. Zoning management is useful to mitigate against the conflict between human development and nature reserves, and a nature reserve can be divided into three zones: the core zone, buffer zone, and experimental zone. So far, how to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of zoning management in nature reserves is a problem faced by remote sensing scientists and ecologists. Net primary productivity (NPP) is a key indicator which can be used to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of zoning management in nature reserves. However, to date there has been no research on the effectiveness of zoning management on NPP, and the estimation of NPP in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve also has not been studied. Based on remote sensing data and in situ measurements, the Carnegie–Ames–Stanford approach (CASA) model was used to estimate NPP in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve during the period 1984–2014. We used the observed NPP to verify the simulated NPP, and the results show that the simulated NPP was consistent with the observed NPP (R2 ≥ 0.85, p ≤ 0.0002, RMSE = 52.62 g C m−2 year−1, where R2 represents coefficient of determination, p represents statistical significance, and RMSE represents root mean square error). This means that the CASA model is suitable for NPP estimation in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve. The results also indicate that NPP showed an increasing trend during the period 1984–2014, and the increase over the whole period was 6.66%. The total of the annual averaged NPP was 3.07 × 1010 g C year−1, while the annual averaged NPP per unit area was 708 g C m−2 year−1. The largest averaged annual NPP per unit appeared in the core zone (720 g C m−2 year−1), followed by the buffer zone (711 g C m−2 year−1), with the experimental zone having the smallest averaged annual NPP per unit (706 g C m−2 year−1). At the p < 0.1 level, there was no region where NPP had decreased significantly in the core zone and buffer zone, and the area of the regions where NPP had decreased significantly in the experimental zone was 8.04 ha. At the p < 0.05 level, there was no area where NPP had decreased significantly in the three zones of the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve. The results show that the zoning management on NPP was effective in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve.

ACS Style

Shulin Chen; Hong Jiang; Jiaxin Jin; Ying Wang. Changes in net primary production in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, China, from 1984 to 2014. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2016, 38, 211 -234.

AMA Style

Shulin Chen, Hong Jiang, Jiaxin Jin, Ying Wang. Changes in net primary production in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, China, from 1984 to 2014. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2016; 38 (1):211-234.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shulin Chen; Hong Jiang; Jiaxin Jin; Ying Wang. 2016. "Changes in net primary production in the Tianmu Mountain Nature Reserve, China, from 1984 to 2014." International Journal of Remote Sensing 38, no. 1: 211-234.

Articles
Published: 23 September 2016 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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Observations of carbon monoxide (CO) retrieved from Scanning Imaging Absorption SpectroMeter for Atmospheric Chartography (SCIAMACHY), Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT), and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) are compared in this article. To better validate the retrieved data from SCIAMCHY, AIRS, and MOPITT, six surface stations at different locations and with various elevations were chosen. The results show these three instruments can all reflect CO spatial distribution well and show same temporal variations of CO concentration as well as six surface station measurements. MOPITT and AIRS have similar retrieval results with correlation coefficients being mostly over 0.70, except for a sixth field station on Crozet Island. The three satellites all have the ability to monitor CO concentration change on land, but SCIAMCHY results show a relatively larger bias than MOPITT and AIRS in low CO concentration areas because of systematic error.

ACS Style

Linjing Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xuehe Lu; Jiaxin Jin. Comparison analysis of global carbon monoxide concentration derived from SCIAMACHY, AIRS, and MOPITT. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2016, 37, 5155 -5175.

AMA Style

Linjing Zhang, Hong Jiang, Xuehe Lu, Jiaxin Jin. Comparison analysis of global carbon monoxide concentration derived from SCIAMACHY, AIRS, and MOPITT. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2016; 37 (21):5155-5175.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Linjing Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xuehe Lu; Jiaxin Jin. 2016. "Comparison analysis of global carbon monoxide concentration derived from SCIAMACHY, AIRS, and MOPITT." International Journal of Remote Sensing 37, no. 21: 5155-5175.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2016 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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ACS Style

Yixin Wang; Hong Jiang; Shiqiao Zhang; Jianhui Xu; Xuehe Lu; Jiaxin Jin; Chengli Wang. Estimating and source analysis of surface PM2.5 concentration in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region based on MODIS data and air trajectories. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2016, 37, 4799 -4817.

AMA Style

Yixin Wang, Hong Jiang, Shiqiao Zhang, Jianhui Xu, Xuehe Lu, Jiaxin Jin, Chengli Wang. Estimating and source analysis of surface PM2.5 concentration in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region based on MODIS data and air trajectories. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2016; 37 (20):4799-4817.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yixin Wang; Hong Jiang; Shiqiao Zhang; Jianhui Xu; Xuehe Lu; Jiaxin Jin; Chengli Wang. 2016. "Estimating and source analysis of surface PM2.5 concentration in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region based on MODIS data and air trajectories." International Journal of Remote Sensing 37, no. 20: 4799-4817.

Journal article
Published: 19 September 2016 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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ACS Style

Xuehe Lu; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Jinxun Liu; Jiaxin Jin. Estimating 40 years of nitrogen deposition in global biomes using the SCIAMACHY NO2 column. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2016, 37, 4964 -4978.

AMA Style

Xuehe Lu, Hong Jiang, Xiuying Zhang, Jinxun Liu, Jiaxin Jin. Estimating 40 years of nitrogen deposition in global biomes using the SCIAMACHY NO2 column. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2016; 37 (20):4964-4978.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xuehe Lu; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Jinxun Liu; Jiaxin Jin. 2016. "Estimating 40 years of nitrogen deposition in global biomes using the SCIAMACHY NO2 column." International Journal of Remote Sensing 37, no. 20: 4964-4978.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2016 in Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
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Reclamation of coastal land is one of the most common ways to obtain land resources in China. However, it has long been acknowledged that the artificial interference with coastal land has disadvantageous effects, such as heavy metal contamination. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for cadmium enrichment levels and assess the importance of affecting factors in typical reclaimed land in Eastern China (DFCL: Dafeng Coastal Land). Two hundred and twenty seven surficial soil/sediment samples were collected and analyzed to identify the enrichment levels of cadmium and the possible affecting factors in soils and sediments. The classification and regression tree (CART) model was applied in this study to predict cadmium enrichment levels. The prediction results showed that cadmium enrichment levels assessed by the CART model had an accuracy of 78.0%. The CART model could extract more information on factors affecting the environmental behavior of cadmium than correlation analysis. The integration of correlation analysis and the CART model showed that fertilizer application and organic carbon accumulation were the most important factors affecting soil/sediment cadmium enrichment levels, followed by particle size effects (Al2O3, TFe2O3 and SiO2), contents of Cl and S, surrounding construction areas and reclamation history.

ACS Style

Feng Ru; Aijing Yin; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaohui Yang; Ming Zhang; Chao Gao. Prediction of cadmium enrichment in reclaimed coastal soils by classification and regression tree. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 2016, 177, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Feng Ru, Aijing Yin, Jiaxin Jin, Xiuying Zhang, Xiaohui Yang, Ming Zhang, Chao Gao. Prediction of cadmium enrichment in reclaimed coastal soils by classification and regression tree. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. 2016; 177 ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Feng Ru; Aijing Yin; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaohui Yang; Ming Zhang; Chao Gao. 2016. "Prediction of cadmium enrichment in reclaimed coastal soils by classification and regression tree." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 177, no. : 1-7.

Articles
Published: 28 June 2016 in International Journal of Remote Sensing
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The present work aims to detect bamboo expansion and its impact on carbon storage in a thick forest in the most recent 30 years. The research area is the national nature reserve of Tianmushan, Zhejiang Province, China, and the present paper monitored bamboo expansion from 1984 to 2015. Multi-spectral band and vegetation indices from Landsat images in summer and winter are used combined to improve the accuracy of detection using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Expansion of bamboo over this period is evident. Total expansion is 161%, the fastest annual rate being 11.6%. However, over recent decades the growth of bamboo has been inhibited by human activity and the total area has decreased by 21%. Evergreen broadleaf forest is the most vulnerable to invasion by bamboo at a ratio of about 65%, and this expanding trend has been brought under effective control. Carbon storage was estimated using sample plot surveys and modelling based on key ecological forests. According to our estimation using carbon storage models, the total carbon storage of Tianmushan has declined by circa 4.7% due to bamboo expansion in the past three decades.

ACS Style

Wang Ying; Jiaxin Jin; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Xuehe Lu; Xiaofeng Chen; Jinmeng Zhang. Satellite-based detection of bamboo expansion over the past 30 years in Mount Tianmushan, China. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2016, 37, 2908 -2922.

AMA Style

Wang Ying, Jiaxin Jin, Hong Jiang, Xiuying Zhang, Xuehe Lu, Xiaofeng Chen, Jinmeng Zhang. Satellite-based detection of bamboo expansion over the past 30 years in Mount Tianmushan, China. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2016; 37 (13):2908-2922.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang Ying; Jiaxin Jin; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Xuehe Lu; Xiaofeng Chen; Jinmeng Zhang. 2016. "Satellite-based detection of bamboo expansion over the past 30 years in Mount Tianmushan, China." International Journal of Remote Sensing 37, no. 13: 2908-2922.