This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
The dietary lead (Pb) risk across China was assessed based on the margin of exposure (MOE) approach by comparing the level (1.5 μg/kg/d) based on the Pb concentrations in foodstuffs from1386 published articles. The Pb averages of the 18 foods were lower than their corresponding limits enacted by the Chinese government, ranging from 0.09 to 0.30 mg/kg. Food from plants had a much higher contribution to dietary Pb intake than that from animals (86% vs. 14%), and cereals and vegetables contributed 79% of the Pb intake from plant-based food. Although each category of food contained a relatively low Pb concentration, the accumulated Pb from the total diet posed a high risk to human health. The MOE risk from dietary Pb averaged 1.57 and ranged from 0.13 to 6.18, with high risks in southern, southwestern, eastern, central, and northern China. The MOE risk from Pb could be decreased by adjusting the dietary structure, and the ratio of people categorized as high risk (MOE < 1) would decrease from 56% to 37%, 41%, or 24% if the category of cereal or vegetable or both cereals and vegetables with the lowest Pb concentration in their local areas were selected, respectively.
Xiuying Zhang; Zhen Wang; Lei Liu; Nan Zhan; Jiayao Qin; Xinqing Lu; Miaomiao Cheng. Assessment of the risks from dietary lead exposure in China. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 418, 126134 .
AMA StyleXiuying Zhang, Zhen Wang, Lei Liu, Nan Zhan, Jiayao Qin, Xinqing Lu, Miaomiao Cheng. Assessment of the risks from dietary lead exposure in China. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 418 ():126134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuying Zhang; Zhen Wang; Lei Liu; Nan Zhan; Jiayao Qin; Xinqing Lu; Miaomiao Cheng. 2021. "Assessment of the risks from dietary lead exposure in China." Journal of Hazardous Materials 418, no. : 126134.
Wet reduced nitrogen (NH4+) is the main component of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition. Due to the poor coverage of ground‐based measurements, it is still challenging to characterize the global wet reduced NH4+ deposition. Here we utilize NH3 measurements from satellite retrievals (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer, IASI) to estimate global wet NH4+ deposition at 0.1° grids for nine years (2008‐2016). We achieve this by developing a novel approach by calculating the feedback ratio between wet NH4+ concentration in precipitation and atmospheric NH3 columns using a global chemistry transport model (GEOS‐Chem). Satellite‐based wet NH4+ concentration and deposition is relatively highly correlated with the ground‐based measurements (r=0.88 and bias=12% for wet deposition). The largest increase in the satellite‐derived wet NH4+ deposition occurs in southern China (>0.5 kg N ha‐1 yr‐1), followed by northeastern India, North America, and Western Europe. The proposed method is simple, fast and effective in estimating wet NH4+ deposition using the satellite observations without depending on the ground‐based measurements for constructing the models. It is particularly helpful in estimating wet NH4+ deposition over regions with few monitoring sites. Our unique satellite‐derived wet NH4+ deposition can be applied for evaluating its impacts on ecosystems in the future.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Lei Liu; Yuyu Yang; Ruipeng Xi; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Pu Liu; Zhen Wang. Global Wet‐Reduced Nitrogen Deposition Derived From Combining Satellite Measurements With Output From a Chemistry Transport Model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2021, 126, 1 .
AMA StyleLei Liu, Yuyu Yang, Ruipeng Xi, Xiuying Zhang, Wen Xu, Xuejun Liu, Yi Li, Pu Liu, Zhen Wang. Global Wet‐Reduced Nitrogen Deposition Derived From Combining Satellite Measurements With Output From a Chemistry Transport Model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2021; 126 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLei Liu; Yuyu Yang; Ruipeng Xi; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Pu Liu; Zhen Wang. 2021. "Global Wet‐Reduced Nitrogen Deposition Derived From Combining Satellite Measurements With Output From a Chemistry Transport Model." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126, no. 4: 1.
Long-term trends in the ambient SO2 concentrations across China from 2005 to 2018 were estimated using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 columns and an atmospheric SO2 profile simulated by the Model for Ozone And Related Chemical Tracers (MOZART)-4. The estimated ground-level SO2 concentrations were in strong agreement with the ground observations (R = 0.86, root-mean-square error = 10.49 μg/m3, relative prediction error = 19%). From 2005 to 2018, the average ground-level SO2 concentration ranged from 0.97 to 106.41 μg/m3 across China, with higher values in eastern China than in western China. Considering the uneven distribution of SO2 concentration and population across China, the population-weighted SO2 concentration was estimated to be 20.30 μg/m3 on a national scale. The population-weighted SO2 levels showed decreasing trends, and the absolute values of the decreasing trend peaked in winter (1.41 μg/m3 per year), followed by those in autumn (0.92 μg/m3 per year), spring (0.74 μg/m3 per year) and summer (0.75 μg/m3 per year) from 2005 to 2018. Although the SO2 exposure risk in 2018 decreased significantly from 2005 on a national scale, 80% and 17% of people still faced a high SO2 exposure risk (higher than 20 μg/m3) in the North China Plain and Northwest China, respectively.
Xiuying Zhang; Zhen Wang; Miaomiao Cheng; Xiaodi Wu; Nan Zhan; Junfeng Xu. Long-term ambient SO2 concentration and its exposure risk across China inferred from OMI observations from 2005 to 2018. Atmospheric Research 2020, 247, 105150 .
AMA StyleXiuying Zhang, Zhen Wang, Miaomiao Cheng, Xiaodi Wu, Nan Zhan, Junfeng Xu. Long-term ambient SO2 concentration and its exposure risk across China inferred from OMI observations from 2005 to 2018. Atmospheric Research. 2020; 247 ():105150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuying Zhang; Zhen Wang; Miaomiao Cheng; Xiaodi Wu; Nan Zhan; Junfeng Xu. 2020. "Long-term ambient SO2 concentration and its exposure risk across China inferred from OMI observations from 2005 to 2018." Atmospheric Research 247, no. : 105150.
Ammonia (NH3), as an alkaline gas, contributes substantially to atmospheric nitrogen deposition, which can cause biodiversity loss, water eutrophication and soil acidification. Advances in the application of satellite observations allow us to gain deeper insights into atmospheric NH3 concentrations at large spatial scales. A new satellite-based methodology is proposed for estimating dry NH3 deposition with consideration of bi-directional NH3 exchange. We estimate the global dry NH3 deposition for nine years (2008–2016) by using the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer Instrument (IASI) NH3 retrievals. Satellite-based dry NH3 deposition is in general consistent with measured dry NH3 deposition over the monitoring sites (R2 = 0.65). Global dry NH3 deposition over 8 kg N ha−1 is mainly distributed in the Eastern China, Northern and Central Pakistan, and Northern India. An annual increase rate of 0.27 and 0.13 kg N ha−1 y−1 in dry NH3 deposition during 2008–2016 occurs in Eastern China and Sichuan Basin, which are the major Chinese agricultural regions. The NH3 compensation point is high during warm months, and can be above 1 μg m−3 such as in Eastern China, implying the importance of considering the NH3 compensation points for estimating dry NH3 deposition. We find, if the upward NH3 flux was ignored, it will cause 11%, 17%, 5% and 3% overestimation in dry NH3 deposition in Eastern China, Northern India, Eastern United States and Western Europe, respectively. This study presents the potential of using the satellite retrievals to estimate the large-scale dry NH3 deposition, and the methodology is able to provide temporally continuous and spatially complete fine-resolution datasets.
Lei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Jing Wei; Zhen Wang; Yuyu Yang. Global estimates of dry ammonia deposition inferred from space-measurements. Science of The Total Environment 2020, 730, 139189 .
AMA StyleLei Liu, Xiuying Zhang, Wen Xu, Xuejun Liu, Jing Wei, Zhen Wang, Yuyu Yang. Global estimates of dry ammonia deposition inferred from space-measurements. Science of The Total Environment. 2020; 730 ():139189.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Jing Wei; Zhen Wang; Yuyu Yang. 2020. "Global estimates of dry ammonia deposition inferred from space-measurements." Science of The Total Environment 730, no. : 139189.
The long-term trend of precipitation acidity (PA) resulting from H2SO4 and HNO3 is analysed across China from 2005 to 2016 based on Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 and NO2 columns, measured precipitation amounts, and ground measurements of SO42− and NO3− concentrations in precipitation. PA showed substantial variations across China, exhibiting an average of 0.88 keq ha−1 yr−1 in 2016. The spatial variation in SO42− deposition than that in NO3− deposition was closer to the spatial variation in PA, contributing 78.7% of the PA throughout China. Eastern China had significantly higher PA values than western China with four hotspots in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Pearl River Delta (PRD), northern China (NC) and the Sichuan Basin (SCB). In eastern China, the PA values increased by 5.0% between 2005 and 2007 and then decreased by 34.3% in 2016, while the PA values in western China increased by 14.7% between 2005 and 2012 and then decreased by 2.0% in 2016. For the four hotspots, the SO42− to NO3− ratio (S/N) decreased; moreover, the PA decreased in NC, PRD and SCB but slightly increased in the YRD.
Xiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Junfeng Xu; Dongmei Chen; Xiaodi Wu; Miaomiao Cheng. Declining precipitation acidity from H2SO4 and HNO3 across China inferred by OMI products. Atmospheric Environment 2020, 224, 117359 .
AMA StyleXiuying Zhang, Limin Zhao, Junfeng Xu, Dongmei Chen, Xiaodi Wu, Miaomiao Cheng. Declining precipitation acidity from H2SO4 and HNO3 across China inferred by OMI products. Atmospheric Environment. 2020; 224 ():117359.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Junfeng Xu; Dongmei Chen; Xiaodi Wu; Miaomiao Cheng. 2020. "Declining precipitation acidity from H2SO4 and HNO3 across China inferred by OMI products." Atmospheric Environment 224, no. : 117359.
The monthly ground-level ozone (O₃) concentrations in eastern China (EC) are estimated using the surface NO₂ and CH₂O concentrations derived from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) according to the geographically weighted regression (GWR) method. The accuracy assessment shows that the proposed GWR model performed well for estimating monthly O₃ concentrations (R² = 0.81, absolute error (AE) = 7.38 μg/m³ for the fitted results, and R ²= 0.77, AE = 8.20 μg/m³). The estimated yearly average O₃ concentration is 56.20 μg/m³, with a standard deviation of 3.68 μg/m³ in 2014 across EC. The O₃ concentrations show great spatial variation, with hotspots extending from north-EC to the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. The monthly O₃ concentrations are generally low during the cold season and high during the warm season, but local areas show different seasonal variations.
X. Y. Zhang; L. M. Zhao; M. M. Cheng; D. M. Chen. Estimating Ground-Level Ozone Concentrations in Eastern China Using Satellite-Based Precursors. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2020, 58, 4754 -4763.
AMA StyleX. Y. Zhang, L. M. Zhao, M. M. Cheng, D. M. Chen. Estimating Ground-Level Ozone Concentrations in Eastern China Using Satellite-Based Precursors. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 2020; 58 (7):4754-4763.
Chicago/Turabian StyleX. Y. Zhang; L. M. Zhao; M. M. Cheng; D. M. Chen. 2020. "Estimating Ground-Level Ozone Concentrations in Eastern China Using Satellite-Based Precursors." IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 58, no. 7: 4754-4763.
This study detected the spatial variations in the surface O3 concentrations along the urban-suburban-rural-background land use gradient and strived to identify the driving factors of these spatial differences. The average O3 concentrations exhibited an increasing gradient from urban cores to background areas with values of 43.5 μg/m3 in urban areas, 50.1 μg/m3 in the green regions of urban areas, 50.6 μg/m3 in suburban towns, 53.9 μg/m3 in rural areas, and 69.1 μg/m3 at background sites. The differences in the annual O3 concentrations between urban and background areas were strongly negatively correlated with the differences in NO2 and PM10 (particulate matter 10 μm or less in diameter) across China. Moreover, the monthly O3 differences between urban and background sites were generally large when the O3 concentration at the background site was at a high level. At the hourly scale, the O3 differences were larger during the night than during the day, and the O3 differences were significantly negatively correlated with the differences in the NO2 and PM10 concentrations but positively correlated with those in the CO and SO2 concentrations. In particular, SO2 had a positive effect on the O3 concentration when SO2 was at a high level. These results provide a scientific basis for enacting policies to control O3 pollution.
Xiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Miaomiao Cheng; Xiaodi Wu; Dongmei Chen. Urban ozone sink inferred from surface measurements in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019, 253, 119881 .
AMA StyleXiuying Zhang, Limin Zhao, Miaomiao Cheng, Xiaodi Wu, Dongmei Chen. Urban ozone sink inferred from surface measurements in China. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2019; 253 ():119881.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Miaomiao Cheng; Xiaodi Wu; Dongmei Chen. 2019. "Urban ozone sink inferred from surface measurements in China." Journal of Cleaner Production 253, no. : 119881.
As one of the regions with intensive agriculture and rapid economic development in China, North China also has a high nitrogen (N) deposition. This study characterized the spatial pattern of N deposition in North China, combining the tropospheric columns from satellite measurements and the simulated profiles from an atmospheric chemistry transport model. The total N deposition fluxes ranged from 16.3 to 106.5 kg N ha−1 yr−1, with an average of 54.5 ± 17.2 kg N ha−1 yr−1. The high values were concentrated in urban and farmland areas, while low values were found in forests and grasslands with less human activities. Of the total N deposition, 36% was deposited via precipitation, 12% was deposited through dry particulate deposition, and the remaining 52% was comprised of dry gaseous deposition. For the seasonal variation of dry deposition, gaseous HNO3 and particulate NO3− were higher in winter and autumn, but lower in spring and summer. In contrast, gaseous NH3 and particulate NH4+ were higher in spring and summer, but lower in winter and autumn. This is possibly caused by the seasonal differences in emission intensity between NOx and NH3 emission sources. The gaseous NO2 deposition did not show strong seasonal variation. The wet deposition was mainly affected by precipitation, with high values in summer and low values in winter. This research provides an objective spatial perspective and insight into the total N deposition in North China. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Zhen Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Lei Liu; Miaomiao Cheng; Junfeng Xu. Spatial and seasonal patterns of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in North China. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2019, 13, 188 -194.
AMA StyleZhen Wang, Xiuying Zhang, Lei Liu, Miaomiao Cheng, Junfeng Xu. Spatial and seasonal patterns of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in North China. Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters. 2019; 13 (3):188-194.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhen Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Lei Liu; Miaomiao Cheng; Junfeng Xu. 2019. "Spatial and seasonal patterns of atmospheric nitrogen deposition in North China." Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 13, no. 3: 188-194.
Ammonia (NH3), as an alkaline gas in the atmosphere, can cause direct or indirect effects on the air quality, soil acidification, climate change and human health. Estimating surface NH3 concentrations is critically important for modeling the dry deposition of NH3 and for modeling the formation of ammonium nitrate, which have important impacts on the natural environment. However, sparse monitoring sites make it challenging and difficult to understand the global distribution of surface NH3 concentrations in both time and space. We estimated the global surface NH3 concentrations for the years of 2008–2016 using satellite NH3 retrievals combining vertical profiles from GEOS-Chem. The accuracy assessment indicates that the satellite-based approach has achieved a high predictive power for annual surface NH3 concentrations compared with the measurements of all sites in China, the US and Europe (R2=0.76 and RMSE = 1.50 µg N m−3). The satellite-derived surface NH3 concentrations had higher consistency with the ground-based measurements in China (R2=0.71 and RMSE = 2.6 µg N m−3) than the US (R2=0.45 and RMSE = 0.76 µg N m−3) and Europe (R2=0.45 and RMSE = 0.86 µg N m−3) at a yearly scale. Annual surface NH3 concentrations higher than 6 µg N m−3 are mainly concentrated in the North China Plain of China and northern India, followed by 2–6 µg N m−3 mainly in southern and northeastern China, India, western Europe, and the eastern United States (US). High surface NH3 concentrations were found in the croplands in China, the US and Europe, and surface NH3 concentrations in the croplands in China were approximately double those in the croplands in the US and Europe. The linear trend analysis shows that an increase rate of surface NH3 concentrations (> 0.2 µg N m−3 yr−1) appeared in eastern China during 2008–2016, and a middle increase rate (0.1–0.2 µg N m−3 yr−1) occurred in northern Xinjiang over China. NH3 increase was also found in agricultural regions in the central and eastern US with an annual increase rate of lower than 0.10 µg N m−3 yr−1. The satellite-derived surface NH3 concentrations help us to determine the NH3 pollution status in the areas without monitoring sites and to estimate the dry deposition of NH3 in the future.
Lei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Anthony Y. H. Wong; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Huan Mi; Xuehe Lu; Limin Zhao; Zhen Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Jing Wei. Estimating global surface ammonia concentrations inferred from satellite retrievals. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2019, 19, 12051 -12066.
AMA StyleLei Liu, Xiuying Zhang, Anthony Y. H. Wong, Wen Xu, Xuejun Liu, Yi Li, Huan Mi, Xuehe Lu, Limin Zhao, Zhen Wang, Xiaodi Wu, Jing Wei. Estimating global surface ammonia concentrations inferred from satellite retrievals. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2019; 19 (18):12051-12066.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Anthony Y. H. Wong; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Huan Mi; Xuehe Lu; Limin Zhao; Zhen Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Jing Wei. 2019. "Estimating global surface ammonia concentrations inferred from satellite retrievals." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 18: 12051-12066.
The influence of enhanced nitrogen (N) deposition on rice ecosystems was evaluated across China using the DNDC (DeNitrification-DeComposition) model. The simulated grain, leaf, stem, root and total biomass had good consistency with the ground measurements in controlled experiments, with absolute relative errors of 4.5, 7.3, 7.7, 7.3 and 4.7%, respectively. On a national scale, the absolute relative errors of the measured and simulated early, late and single cropping rice was 2.2, 6.6 and 5.9%, respectively. The N deposition increased rice yield accounted for 0.6% of the national rice production. Under the current fertilization conditions, The N deposition was barely absorbed and utilized for rice growth (only accounted for 1.8% of the N deposition). About 57.7% of the N deposition remained in the soil as inorganic and organic forms, and the other 40.5% of the N deposition was emitted to the environment, as nitrogen oxide emissions (24.8%), ammonia volatilization (5.6%), leaching and runoff (10.1%). These results will provide scientific bases for recommending fertilizer rates and enacting policies to protect the eco-environment.
Zhen Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Lei Liu; Shanqian Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Wuting Zhang; Limin Zhao; Xuehe Lu; Xiaofeng Zhao. Evaluating the effects of nitrogen deposition on rice ecosystems across China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 2019, 285, 106617 .
AMA StyleZhen Wang, Xiuying Zhang, Lei Liu, Shanqian Wang, Xiaodi Wu, Wuting Zhang, Limin Zhao, Xuehe Lu, Xiaofeng Zhao. Evaluating the effects of nitrogen deposition on rice ecosystems across China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment. 2019; 285 ():106617.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhen Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Lei Liu; Shanqian Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Wuting Zhang; Limin Zhao; Xuehe Lu; Xiaofeng Zhao. 2019. "Evaluating the effects of nitrogen deposition on rice ecosystems across China." Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 285, no. : 106617.
Xiaowei Chuai; Ye Yuan; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaomin Guo; Xiaolei Zhang; Fangjian Xie; Rongqin Zhao; Jianbao Li. Corrigendum to “Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China” [Land Use Policy 84 (2019) 305–315]. Land Use Policy 2019, 90, 104047 .
AMA StyleXiaowei Chuai, Ye Yuan, Xiuying Zhang, Xiaomin Guo, Xiaolei Zhang, Fangjian Xie, Rongqin Zhao, Jianbao Li. Corrigendum to “Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China” [Land Use Policy 84 (2019) 305–315]. Land Use Policy. 2019; 90 ():104047.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaowei Chuai; Ye Yuan; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaomin Guo; Xiaolei Zhang; Fangjian Xie; Rongqin Zhao; Jianbao Li. 2019. "Corrigendum to “Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China” [Land Use Policy 84 (2019) 305–315]." Land Use Policy 90, no. : 104047.
Land use change can greatly affect the carbon balance for both terrestrial ecosystems and anthropogenic carbon emissions. However, “physical-social” integrated carbon balance examinations and the link to multiangle land use change analysis are still lacking. Based on land use data, field observations, climate data, and socioeconomic data, this study performed a comprehensive analysis of land use change from the aspects of land use type, land cover and land use intensity and examined the effect on carbon storage, the net ecosystem productivity (NEP) and energy consumption-related carbon emissions. Finally, this study proposed multiangle land use strategies for low-carbon development. The results show that built-up land occupation of cropland was the main land use type change pattern in Nanjing City. The period of 2005–2010 presented the most obvious land use type change. Between 2000–2015, vegetation carbon storage loss reached 8.21×104 t, with woodland shrinkage contributing the most. The initial core city and the peripheral area show the most obvious land use type changes, with decreases in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and NEP. For all of Nanjing City, the NDVI followed a weak increasing trend from 2000 to 2015, and the NEP also exhibited a weak increasing trend for areas without built-up land and water. Spatially, the NDVI and NEP present similar changing trends for most grids. Land use intensities were continuously increasing, and energy-related carbon emissions increased from 4389.35×104 t in 2000 to 10145.09×104 t in 2015, with the industry sector contributing more than 80% of the total carbon emissions. In total, NEP accumulation can offset 2% of energy-related carbon emissions. Low-carbon land management should be strengthened from multi-land use aspects, including urban expansion control, ecological land protection, and land use efficiency.
Xiaowei Chuai; Ye Yuan; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaomin Guo; Xiaolei Zhang; Fangjian Xie; Rongqin Zhao; Jianbao Li. Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China. Land Use Policy 2019, 84, 305 -315.
AMA StyleXiaowei Chuai, Ye Yuan, Xiuying Zhang, Xiaomin Guo, Xiaolei Zhang, Fangjian Xie, Rongqin Zhao, Jianbao Li. Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China. Land Use Policy. 2019; 84 ():305-315.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaowei Chuai; Ye Yuan; Xiuying Zhang; Xiaomin Guo; Xiaolei Zhang; Fangjian Xie; Rongqin Zhao; Jianbao Li. 2019. "Multiangle land use-linked carbon balance examination in Nanjing City, China." Land Use Policy 84, no. : 305-315.
Long‐term (from 2005 to 2016) trends in wet SO42− deposition across China are assessed using Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) SO2 columns within the planetary boundary layer. The models for estimating monthly SO42− deposition from precipitation in eight ecological regions are constructed based on SO2 columns and ground‐based measurements. An accuracy assessment shows that the models achieve highly precise predictive values for monthly deposition (R = 0.93, with a relative/absolute error of −0.1/0.3 kg S · ha−1 · month−1). In terms of spatial distribution, SO42− deposition shows substantial variations across China, ranging from 0.9 to 63.9 kg S · ha−1 · year−1, with an average of 10.4 kg S · ha−1 · year−1. Additionally, wet SO42− deposition shows significant seasonal variations, increasing from January to July and then decreasing thereafter. Regarding long‐term trends, the wet SO42− deposition in northern, central, and southern China decreased at rates of 0.009, 0.001, and 0.0009 kg S · ha−1 · month−1, respectively. In contrast, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai‐Tibet, and northwest and northeast China showed increasing deposition trends. In general, the wet SO42− deposition in 2016 decreased by 4.3% from that in 2005 on a national scale, indicating that air quality policies to control SO2 emissions have had some effects on wet SO42− deposition.
X. Y. Zhang; X. W. Chuai; L. Liu; W. T. Zhang; X. H. Lu; L. M. Zhao; D. M. Chen. Decadal Trends in Wet Sulfur Deposition in China Estimated From OMI SO 2 Columns. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2018, 123, 1 .
AMA StyleX. Y. Zhang, X. W. Chuai, L. Liu, W. T. Zhang, X. H. Lu, L. M. Zhao, D. M. Chen. Decadal Trends in Wet Sulfur Deposition in China Estimated From OMI SO 2 Columns. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018; 123 (18):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleX. Y. Zhang; X. W. Chuai; L. Liu; W. T. Zhang; X. H. Lu; L. M. Zhao; D. M. Chen. 2018. "Decadal Trends in Wet Sulfur Deposition in China Estimated From OMI SO 2 Columns." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 123, no. 18: 1.
The concentration and deposition of acid from precipitation in Nanjing in the Yangtze River Delta are presented, and their long-term trends are detected based on ground measurements. The wet SO42− deposition was 18.1 kg S ha−1 yr−1 from 2015-2016, which is much lower than the average across China; and the NO3− deposition was 8.5 kg N ha−1 yr−1, which is higher than the national average. Both SO42− and NO3− depositions were relatively high in spring, summer, and autumn, with the lowest occurring in winter. From 1990 to 2016, the averages of SO42− deposition during each Five-year Plan gradually decreased from the 8th (1991–1995) to 12th Five-year Plan (2011–2015), although the annual value did not show a significant decreasing trend due to large variations. Both the annual value and averages of NO3− deposition during each Five-year Plan showed significant increasing trends from 1990 to 2016. The SO42− deposition during the 12th Five-year Plan decreased by 26.5% while the NO3− deposition increased by 182.9% relative to that of the 8th Five-year Plan. These results confirmed that NO3− deposition is still high in the Yangtze River Delta.
Xiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Miaomiao Cheng; Hongling Liu; Zhen Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Hua Yu. Long-term changes in wet nitrogen and sulfur deposition in Nanjing. Atmospheric Environment 2018, 195, 104 -111.
AMA StyleXiuying Zhang, Limin Zhao, Miaomiao Cheng, Hongling Liu, Zhen Wang, Xiaodi Wu, Hua Yu. Long-term changes in wet nitrogen and sulfur deposition in Nanjing. Atmospheric Environment. 2018; 195 ():104-111.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiuying Zhang; Limin Zhao; Miaomiao Cheng; Hongling Liu; Zhen Wang; Xiaodi Wu; Hua Yu. 2018. "Long-term changes in wet nitrogen and sulfur deposition in Nanjing." Atmospheric Environment 195, no. : 104-111.
Global warming, which is mainly caused by greenhouse gases, can greatly aggravate land degradation; therefore, the examination of the NEP (net ecosystem productivity) and the analysis of its response to climate change are very critical for understanding carbon cycling. Based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data, meteorological data, and soil organic carbon (SOC) data, this study examined the NEP from 2000 to 2013 and investigated how ongoing climate change affects the NEP. The study results indicate that the terrestrial ecosystems in China generally act as net carbon sinks with increasing NEP values. The western inland region and part of northeast China mainly act as carbon sources, with the NEP exhibiting an increasing trend, while the other regions mainly act as carbon sinks, with the NEP showing a decreasing trend across large areas of south China, where the most obvious land degradation occurs. Homogeneity and heterogeneity co‐occur. The general pattern is that ecosystems with high biomass usually have a high NEP value, acting as high carbon sinks in relatively wet and warm environments, but have a low value and even act as carbon sources in dry and cold environments. Both moderate precipitation and temperature are essential in increasing the NEP, while lower precipitation and temperatures might have negative effects. Heterogeneity also widely breaks up the general pattern. Temporally, more NEP grids were positively correlated with changes in temperature and showed stronger correlation coefficients with temperature than with precipitation, but the grids showing a significant correlation with these factors accounted for only a small proportion of the total for both precipitation and temperature.
Xiaowei Chuai; Xinxian Qi; Xiuying Zhang; Jiasheng Li; Ye Yuan; Xiaomin Guo; Xianjin Huang; Soojin Park; Rongqin Zhao; Xianli Xie; Jianxi Feng; Shuangshuang Tang; Tianhui Zuo; Junyu Lu; Jianbao Li; Xiao Lv. Land degradation monitoring using terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks/sources and their response to climate change in C hina. Land Degradation & Development 2018, 29, 3489 -3502.
AMA StyleXiaowei Chuai, Xinxian Qi, Xiuying Zhang, Jiasheng Li, Ye Yuan, Xiaomin Guo, Xianjin Huang, Soojin Park, Rongqin Zhao, Xianli Xie, Jianxi Feng, Shuangshuang Tang, Tianhui Zuo, Junyu Lu, Jianbao Li, Xiao Lv. Land degradation monitoring using terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks/sources and their response to climate change in C hina. Land Degradation & Development. 2018; 29 (10):3489-3502.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiaowei Chuai; Xinxian Qi; Xiuying Zhang; Jiasheng Li; Ye Yuan; Xiaomin Guo; Xianjin Huang; Soojin Park; Rongqin Zhao; Xianli Xie; Jianxi Feng; Shuangshuang Tang; Tianhui Zuo; Junyu Lu; Jianbao Li; Xiao Lv. 2018. "Land degradation monitoring using terrestrial ecosystem carbon sinks/sources and their response to climate change in C hina." Land Degradation & Development 29, no. 10: 3489-3502.
Drought has been one of the most important limiting factors for crop production, which deleteriously affects food security worldwide. The main objective of the present study was to quantitatively assess the effect of drought on the agronomic traits (e.g., plant height, biomass, yield, and yield components) of rice and wheat in combination with several moderators (e.g., drought stress intensity, rooting environment, and growth stage) using a meta-analysis study. The database was created from 55 published studies on rice and 60 published studies on wheat. The results demonstrated that drought decreased the agronomic traits differently between rice and wheat among varying growth stages. Wheat and rice yields decreased by 27.5% and 25.4%, respectively. Wheat grown in pots showed greater decreases in agronomic traits than those grown in the field. Rice showed opposite growing patterns when compared to wheat in rooting environments. The effect of drought on rice increased with plant growth and drought had larger detrimental influences during the reproductive phase (e.g., blooming stage, filling stage, and maturity). However, an exception was found in wheat, which had similar decreased performance during the complete growth cycle. Based on these results, future droughts could produce lower yields of rice and wheat when compared to the current drought.
Jinmeng Zhang; Shiqiao Zhang; Min Cheng; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Changhui Peng; Xuehe Lu; Minxia Zhang; Jiaxin Jin. Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 839 .
AMA StyleJinmeng Zhang, Shiqiao Zhang, Min Cheng, Hong Jiang, Xiuying Zhang, Changhui Peng, Xuehe Lu, Minxia Zhang, Jiaxin Jin. Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (5):839.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinmeng Zhang; Shiqiao Zhang; Min Cheng; Hong Jiang; Xiuying Zhang; Changhui Peng; Xuehe Lu; Minxia Zhang; Jiaxin Jin. 2018. "Effect of Drought on Agronomic Traits of Rice and Wheat: A Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 5: 839.
Acid rain, which has become one of the most severe global environmental issues, is detrimental to plant growth. However, effective methods for monitoring plant responses to acid rain stress are currently lacking. The hyperspectral technique provides a cost-effective and nondestructive way to diagnose acid rain stresses. Taking a widely distributed species (Quercus glauca) in Southern China as an example, this study aims to monitor the hyperspectral responses of Q. glauca to simulated sulfuric acid rain (SAR) and nitric acid rain (NAR). A total of 15 periods of leaf hyperspectral data under four pH levels of SAR and NAR were obtained during the experiment. The results showed that hyperspectral information could be used to distinguish plant responses under acid rain stress. An index (green peak area index, GPAI) was proposed to indicate acid rain stresses, based on the significantly variations in the region of 500–660 nm. Light acid rain (pH 4.5 SAR and NAR) promoted Q. glauca growth relative to the control groups (pH 5.6 SAR and NAR); moderate acid rain (pH 3.0 SAR) firstly promoted and then inhibited plant growth, while pH 3.0 NAR showed mild inhibitory effects during the experiment; and heavy acid rain (pH 2.0) significantly inhibited plant growth. Compared with NAR, SAR induced more serious damages to Q. glauca. These results could help monitor acid rain stress on plants on a regional scale using remote sensing techniques.
Shanqian Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Yuandan Ma; Xinhui Li; Min Cheng; Xiaomin Zhang; Lei Liu. Detecting Sulfuric and Nitric Acid Rain Stresses on Quercus glauca through Hyperspectral Responses. Sensors 2018, 18, 830 .
AMA StyleShanqian Wang, Xiuying Zhang, Yuandan Ma, Xinhui Li, Min Cheng, Xiaomin Zhang, Lei Liu. Detecting Sulfuric and Nitric Acid Rain Stresses on Quercus glauca through Hyperspectral Responses. Sensors. 2018; 18 (3):830.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShanqian Wang; Xiuying Zhang; Yuandan Ma; Xinhui Li; Min Cheng; Xiaomin Zhang; Lei Liu. 2018. "Detecting Sulfuric and Nitric Acid Rain Stresses on Quercus glauca through Hyperspectral Responses." Sensors 18, no. 3: 830.
Persistent drought severely inhibits plant growth and productivity, which negatively affects terrestrial primary productivity worldwide. Therefore, it is important to investigate the impacts of drought on plant leaf CO2/H2O exchange and water use efficiency. This study assessed the responses of net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration (Tr), and instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) to drought based on a worldwide meta-analysis of 112 published studies. The results demonstrated that drought decreased Pn, Tr, and Gs significantly and differently among different moderators. C4 plants had smaller Pn reduction than C3 plants, which gives C4 plants an advantage in Pn. But their WUE decreased under drought conditions, indicating a great flexibility in C4 WUE. Annual herbs sacrificed WUE (−6.2%) to maintain efficient Pn. Perennial herbs took a different strategy in response to drought with an increased WUE (25.1%). Deciduous tree species displayed a greater increase in WUE than conifers and evergreen species. Additionally, Gs had a significant correlation with Pn and Tr, but an insignificant correlation with WUE, which could be because WUE is affected by other factors (e.g., air flow, CO2 concentration, and relative humidity). These findings have significant implications for understanding the worldwide effects of drought on plant leaf CO2/H2O exchange and water use efficiency.
Jinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xinzhang Song; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang. The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis. Sustainability 2018, 10, 551 .
AMA StyleJinmeng Zhang, Hong Jiang, Xinzhang Song, Jiaxin Jin, Xiuying Zhang. The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):551.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJinmeng Zhang; Hong Jiang; Xinzhang Song; Jiaxin Jin; Xiuying Zhang. 2018. "The Responses of Plant Leaf CO2/H2O Exchange and Water Use Efficiency to Drought: A Meta-Analysis." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 551.
China is experiencing intense air pollution caused in large part by anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen (Nr). Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most important precursors for Nr compounds (including N2O5, HNO3, HONO and particulate NO3− and NH4+) in the atmosphere. Understanding the changes in NH3 and NO2 has important implications for the regulation of anthropogenic Nr emissions and is a requirement for assessing the consequence of environmental impacts. We conducted the temporal trend analysis of atmospheric NH3 and NO2 on a national scale since 1980 based on emission data (during 1980–2010), satellite observation (for NH3 since 2008 and for NO2 since 2005) and atmospheric chemistry transport modeling (during 2008–2015).Based on the emission data, during 1980–2010, significant continuous increasing trends in both NH3 and NOx were observed in REAS (Regional Emission inventory in Asia, for NH3 0.17 and for NOx 0.16 kg N ha−1 yr−2) and EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research, for NH3 0.24 and for NOx 0.17 kg N ha−1 yr−2) over China. Based on the satellite data and atmospheric chemistry transport model (CTM) MOZART-4 (Model for Ozone and Related chemical Tracers, version 4), the NO2 columns over China increased significantly from 2005 to 2011 and then decreased significantly from 2011 to 2015; the satellite-retrieved NH3 columns from 2008 to 2014 increased at a rate of 2.37 % yr−1. The decrease in NO2 columns since 2011 may result from more stringent strategies taken to control NOx emissions during the 12th Five Year Plan, while no control policy has focused on NH3 emissions. Our findings provided an overall insight into the temporal trends of both NO2 and NH3 since 1980 based on emission data, satellite observations and atmospheric transport modeling. These findings can provide a scientific background for policy makers that are attempting to control atmospheric pollution in China. Moreover, the multiple datasets used in this study have implications for estimating long-term Nr deposition datasets to assess its impact on soil, forest, water and greenhouse balance.
Lei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Xuehe Lu; Yuehan Zhang; Wuting Zhang. Temporal characteristics of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen dioxide over China based on emission data, satellite observations and atmospheric transport modeling since 1980. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 2017, 17, 9365 -9378.
AMA StyleLei Liu, Xiuying Zhang, Wen Xu, Xuejun Liu, Yi Li, Xuehe Lu, Yuehan Zhang, Wuting Zhang. Temporal characteristics of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen dioxide over China based on emission data, satellite observations and atmospheric transport modeling since 1980. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. 2017; 17 (15):9365-9378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLei Liu; Xiuying Zhang; Wen Xu; Xuejun Liu; Yi Li; Xuehe Lu; Yuehan Zhang; Wuting Zhang. 2017. "Temporal characteristics of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen dioxide over China based on emission data, satellite observations and atmospheric transport modeling since 1980." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 15: 9365-9378.
In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) for assessing water stress in maize for the purpose of developing remote sensing techniques for monitoring water deficits in crops. Leaf-level chlorophyll fluorescence and canopy-level PRI were measured concurrently over a maize field with five different irrigation treatments, ranging from 20% to 90% of the field capacity (FC). Significant correlations were found between leaf-level NPQ (NPQleaf) and the ratio of chlorophyll to carotenoid content (Chl/Car) (R2 = 0.71, p < 0.01) and between NPQleaf and the actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (ΔF/Fm′) (R2 = 0.81, p < 0.005). At the early growing stage, both canopy-level PRI and NPQleaf are good indicators of water stress (R2 = 0.65 and p < 0.05; R2 = 0.63 and p < 0.05, respectively). For assessment of extreme water stress on plant growth, a relationship is also established between the quantum yield of photochemistry in PSII (ΦP) and the quantum yield of fluorescence (ΦF) as determined from photochemical quenching (PQ) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQleaf) of excitation energy at different water stress levels. These results would be helpful in monitoring soil water stress on crops at large scales using remote sensing techniques.
Shuren Chou; Jing M. Chen; Hua Yu; Bin Chen; Xiuying Zhang; Holly Croft; Shoaib Khalid; Meng Li; Qin Shi. Canopy-Level Photochemical Reflectance Index from Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Leaf-Level Non-Photochemical Quenching as Early Indicators of Water Stress in Maize. Remote Sensing 2017, 9, 794 .
AMA StyleShuren Chou, Jing M. Chen, Hua Yu, Bin Chen, Xiuying Zhang, Holly Croft, Shoaib Khalid, Meng Li, Qin Shi. Canopy-Level Photochemical Reflectance Index from Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Leaf-Level Non-Photochemical Quenching as Early Indicators of Water Stress in Maize. Remote Sensing. 2017; 9 (8):794.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShuren Chou; Jing M. Chen; Hua Yu; Bin Chen; Xiuying Zhang; Holly Croft; Shoaib Khalid; Meng Li; Qin Shi. 2017. "Canopy-Level Photochemical Reflectance Index from Hyperspectral Remote Sensing and Leaf-Level Non-Photochemical Quenching as Early Indicators of Water Stress in Maize." Remote Sensing 9, no. 8: 794.