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Ghasan Fahim Huseien
Department of Building, School of Design and Environment, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117566, Singapore

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Journal article
Published: 16 August 2021 in Polymers
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Although free-cement-based alkali-activated paste, mortar, and concrete have been recognised as sustainable and environmental-friendly materials, a considerable amount of effort is still being channeled to ascertain the best binary or ternary binders that would satisfy the requirements of strength and durability as well as environmental aspects. In this study, the mechanical properties of alkali-activated mortar (AAM) made with binary binders, involving fly ash (FA) and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS) as well as bottle glass waste nano-silica powder (BGWNP), were opti-mised using both experimentally and optimisation modelling through three scenarios. In the first scenario, the addition of BGWNP varied from 5% to 20%, while FA and GBFS were kept constant (30:70). In the second and third scenarios, BGWNP (5–20%) was added as the partial replacement of FA and GBFS, separately. The results show that the combination of binary binders (FA and GBFS) and BGWNP increased AAM’s strength compared to that of the control mixture for all scenarios. In addition, the findings also demonstrated that the replacement of FA by BGWNP was the most significant, while the effect of GBFS replacement by BGWNP was less significant. In particular, the highest improvement in compressive strength was recorded when FA, GBFS, and BGWNP were 61.6%, 30%, and 8.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the results of ANOVA (p values < 0.0001 and high F-values) as well as several statistical validation methods (R > 0.9, RAE < 0.1, RSE < 0.013, and RRSE < 0.116) confirmed that all the models were robust, reliable, and significant. Similarly, the data variation was found to be less than 5%, and the difference between the predicted R2 and adj. R2 was very small (<0.2), thus confirming that the proposed non-linear quadratic equations had the capability to predict for further observation. In conclusion, the use of BGWNP in AAM could act as a beneficial and sustainable strategy, not only to address environmental issues (e.g., landfill) but to also enhance strength properties.

ACS Style

Hassan Amer Algaifi; Abdeliazim Mustafa Mohamed; Eyad Alsuhaibani; Shahiron Shahidan; Fahed Alrshoudi; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Suhaimi Abu Bakar. Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars. Polymers 2021, 13, 2750 .

AMA Style

Hassan Amer Algaifi, Abdeliazim Mustafa Mohamed, Eyad Alsuhaibani, Shahiron Shahidan, Fahed Alrshoudi, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Suhaimi Abu Bakar. Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars. Polymers. 2021; 13 (16):2750.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan Amer Algaifi; Abdeliazim Mustafa Mohamed; Eyad Alsuhaibani; Shahiron Shahidan; Fahed Alrshoudi; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Suhaimi Abu Bakar. 2021. "Optimisation of GBFS, Fly Ash, and Nano-Silica Contents in Alkali-Activated Mortars." Polymers 13, no. 16: 2750.

Review
Published: 09 July 2021 in Micro
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Uses of novel technologies for improving the durability and lifespan of the construction materials have emerged as viable solutions toward the sustainable future wherein the coating industry plays a significant role in economy growth and better livelihoods. Thus, the continual innovation of various technologies to introduce diverse market products has become indispensable. Properties of materials like color stability under UV, elevated temperatures and aggressive environments, and skid and abrasion resistance are the main challenges faced by commercial coating materials, leading to more demand of natural materials as sustainable agents. Lately, nanostructured core–shell pigments with unique compositions have widely been utilized in composite materials to enhance their properties. Core–shell particles exhibit smart properties and have immense benefits when combined with building materials. Based on these facts, we comprehensively overviewed the state-of-the-art research of core–shell nanomaterials in terms of their preparation and performance evaluation methods, as well as feasible applications. The first part of this article discusses effective shell materials, including most common silica and titanium oxides. In addition, nanotechnology enabling the production and patterning of low-dimensional materials for widespread applications is emphasized. The second part deals with various potential core materials used to achieve core–shell nanostructures. The third part of this paper highlights some interesting mechanisms of core–shell structures in the modified systems that display high stability, durability, efficiency, and eco-friendliness. Finally, different applications of these core–shell nanostructures are underscored together with their test methods to evaluate their performances.

ACS Style

Kwok Shah; Ghasan Huseien; Harn Kua. A State-of-the-Art Review on Core–Shell Pigments Nanostructure Preparation and Test Methods. Micro 2021, 1, 55 -85.

AMA Style

Kwok Shah, Ghasan Huseien, Harn Kua. A State-of-the-Art Review on Core–Shell Pigments Nanostructure Preparation and Test Methods. Micro. 2021; 1 (1):55-85.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwok Shah; Ghasan Huseien; Harn Kua. 2021. "A State-of-the-Art Review on Core–Shell Pigments Nanostructure Preparation and Test Methods." Micro 1, no. 1: 55-85.

Journal article
Published: 02 July 2021 in Sustainability
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Self-compacting concrete (SCC) became a strong candidate for various construction applications owing to its excellent workability, low labor demand, and enhanced finish-ability, and because it provides a solution to the problem of mechanical vibration and related noise pollution in urban settings. However, the production of Portland cement (PC) as a primary constituent of SCC is energy-intensive, contributing to about 7% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Conversely, the use of alternative geopolymer binders (GBs) in concrete can significantly reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emissions. In addition, using GBs in SCC can produce unique sustainable concrete with unparallel engineering properties. In this outlook, this work investigated the development of some eco-efficient self-compacting geopolymer concretes (SCGCs) obtained by incorporating different dosages of fly ash (FA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS). The structural, morphological, and mechanical traits of these SCGCs were examined via non-destructive tests like X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The workability and mechanical properties of six SCGC mixtures were examined using various measurements, and the obtained results were analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, an optimized hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) coupled with a metaheuristic Bat optimization algorithm was developed to estimate the compressive strength (CS) of these SCGCs. The results demonstrated that it is possible to achieve appropriate workability and mechanical strength through 50% partial replacement of GBFS with FA in the SCGC precursor binder. It is established that the proposed Bat-ANN model can offer an effective intelligent method for estimating the mechanical properties of various SCGC mixtures with superior reliability and accuracy via preventing the need for laborious, costly, and time-consuming laboratory trial batches that are responsible for substantial materials wastage.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Ghasan Huseien; Mohammad Baghban; Abdul Sam; Hassan Algaifi. Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7444 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Moncef Nehdi, Ghasan Huseien, Mohammad Baghban, Abdul Sam, Hassan Algaifi. Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7444.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Ghasan Huseien; Mohammad Baghban; Abdul Sam; Hassan Algaifi. 2021. "Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7444.

Journal article
Published: 21 May 2021 in Construction and Building Materials
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Lately, sustainable concretes with enhanced strength performance and ductility became demanding for the construction sector. Various industrial by-products as environmental friendly wastes were shown to be promising to achieve such concretes. Meanwhile, due to the rapid industrial developments and modernized lifestyle, the tire wastes became a serious environmental concern. Inclusion of these tire wastes into the concretes was demonstrated to be beneficial to design the rubber-modified sustainable concretes. Based on this factor, we prepared several rubberized concrete mixes by integrating the Ground Blast Furnace Slag (GBFS) with different contents of Discarded Rubber Tire Crumbs (DRTCs). All the designed rubber-modified mixes were characterized using diverse analytical techniques to determine their mechanical properties and impact resistance (IR). In addition, depending on each binder mass percentage, the mechanical properties of the produced concretes were evaluated by developing an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the genetic algorithm (GA) and compared with the available experimental test database. The mixes obtained using the DRTCs contents of 5–30% as fine or/and coarse aggregates substitution revealed satisfactory compressive strength suitable for practical applications. It is established that the incorporation of DRTCs as substitute component to the natural river sand or/and crushed gravel aggregates can largely improve the IR and ductility of the proposed concretes.

ACS Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Iman Faridmehr; Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin; Rayed Alyousef; Mohammad Ismail. Evaluating mechanical properties and impact resistance of modified concrete containing ground Blast Furnace slag and discarded rubber tire crumbs. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 295, 123603 .

AMA Style

Akram M. Mhaya, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Iman Faridmehr, Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin, Rayed Alyousef, Mohammad Ismail. Evaluating mechanical properties and impact resistance of modified concrete containing ground Blast Furnace slag and discarded rubber tire crumbs. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 295 ():123603.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Iman Faridmehr; Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin; Rayed Alyousef; Mohammad Ismail. 2021. "Evaluating mechanical properties and impact resistance of modified concrete containing ground Blast Furnace slag and discarded rubber tire crumbs." Construction and Building Materials 295, no. : 123603.

Journal article
Published: 05 May 2021 in Materials
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Eco-friendly and sustainable materials that are cost-effective, while having a reduced carbon footprint and energy consumption, are in great demand by the construction industry worldwide. Accordingly, alkali-activated materials (AAM) composed primarily of industrial byproducts have emerged as more desirable alternatives to ordinary Portland cement (OPC)-based concrete. Hence, this study investigates the cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment (LCA) of ternary blended alkali-activated mortars made with industrial byproducts. Moreover, the embodied energy (EE), which represents an important parameter in cradle-to-gate life-cycle analysis, was investigated for 42 AAM mixtures. The boundary of the cradle-to-gate system was extended to include the mechanical and durability properties of AAMs on the basis of performance criteria. Using the experimental test database thus developed, an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the cuckoo optimization algorithm (COA) was developed to estimate the CO2 emissions and EE of AAMs. Considering the lack of systematic research on the cradle-to-gate LCA of AAMs in the literature, the results of this research provide new insights into the assessment of the environmental impact of AAM made with industrial byproducts. The final weight and bias values of the AAN model can be used to design AAM mixtures with targeted mechanical properties and CO2 emission considering desired amounts of industrial byproduct utilization in the mixture.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Mehdi Nikoo; Ghasan Huseien; Togay Ozbakkaloglu. Life-Cycle Assessment of Alkali-Activated Materials Incorporating Industrial Byproducts. Materials 2021, 14, 2401 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Moncef Nehdi, Mehdi Nikoo, Ghasan Huseien, Togay Ozbakkaloglu. Life-Cycle Assessment of Alkali-Activated Materials Incorporating Industrial Byproducts. Materials. 2021; 14 (9):2401.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Mehdi Nikoo; Ghasan Huseien; Togay Ozbakkaloglu. 2021. "Life-Cycle Assessment of Alkali-Activated Materials Incorporating Industrial Byproducts." Materials 14, no. 9: 2401.

Journal article
Published: 11 April 2021 in Materials
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Recycling of the waste rubber tire crumbs (WRTCs) for the concretes production generated renewed interest worldwide. The insertion of such waste as a substitute for the natural aggregates in the concretes is an emergent trend for sustainable development towards building materials. Meanwhile, the enhanced resistance of the concrete structures against aggressive environments is important for durability, cost-saving, and sustainability. In this view, this research evaluated the performance of several modified rubberized concretes by exposing them to aggressive environments i.e., acid, and sulphate attacks, elevated temperatures. These concrete (12 batches) were made by replacing the cement and natural aggregate with an appropriate amount of the granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and WRTCs, respectively. The proposed mix designs’ performance was evaluated by several measures, including the residual compressive strength (CS), weight loss, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), microstructures, etc. Besides, by using the available experimental test database, an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was developed to estimate the residual CS of modified rubberized concrete after immersion one year in MgSO4 and H2SO4 solutions. The results indicated that modified rubberized concrete prepared by 5 to 20% WRTCs as a substitute to natural aggregate, provided lower CS and weight lose expose to sulphate and acid attacks compared to control specimen prepared by ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Although the CS were slightly declined at the elevated temperature, these proposed mix designs have a high potential for a wide variety of concrete industrial applications, especially in acid and sulphate risk.

ACS Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Mohammad Baghban; Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Huseien; Ahmad Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments. Materials 2021, 14, 1900 .

AMA Style

Akram M. Mhaya, Mohammad Baghban, Iman Faridmehr, Ghasan Huseien, Ahmad Abidin, Mohammad Ismail. Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments. Materials. 2021; 14 (8):1900.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Mohammad Baghban; Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Huseien; Ahmad Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments." Materials 14, no. 8: 1900.

Journal article
Published: 10 March 2021 in Construction and Building Materials
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The demand of highly sustainable and eco-friendly construction materials with low energy consumption and carbon emission has ever been increasing globally. In this rationale, some modified concretes were prepared via the replacement of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) by the effective microorganism (EM) and fly ash (FA) at an optimum proportion. The strength performance and microstructure properties of the produced concrete mixes as a function of the EM and FA replacements for OPC were determined. The amount of OPC in the concrete mixes was replaced by the EM and FA at four ratios for the composition optimization. Water was replaced at 5, 10, 15 and 20% by the inclusion of EM solution while FA at 10, 20, 30 and 40% was used to replace the OPC. Using the available experimental test database an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was developed to estimate the strength properties of the design mixes depending on each binder mass percentage. Results revealed that the engineering properties of the proposed concrete mixes were improved significantly due to the incorporation of the EM and FA as replacement of the OPC. In addition, the compressive strength of the modified concretes was increased up to 30% and the microstructures were enhanced at an early age because of the substitution of 10% of FA and EM. On top, the concrete formulated with 10% of EM and FA as replacement of OPC displayed enhanced durability as well as reduced porosity, drying shrinkage and carbonation depth of 13.3, 26.9 and 13.4% at 28 days of age, respectively. In short, the replacement of the OPC by FA and EM in the modified concrete was shown to reduce the carbon dioxide emission, energy consumption, and cost. Based on the findings, it was asserted that the designed sustainable concrete mixes may be environmental friendly with reduced green-house gases emission and landfill requirements for the FA wastes.

ACS Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Hassan Amer Algaifi; Rayed Alyousef. Development of a sustainable concrete incorporated with effective microorganism and fly Ash: Characteristics and modeling studies. Construction and Building Materials 2021, 285, 122899 .

AMA Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam, Hassan Amer Algaifi, Rayed Alyousef. Development of a sustainable concrete incorporated with effective microorganism and fly Ash: Characteristics and modeling studies. Construction and Building Materials. 2021; 285 ():122899.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Hassan Amer Algaifi; Rayed Alyousef. 2021. "Development of a sustainable concrete incorporated with effective microorganism and fly Ash: Characteristics and modeling studies." Construction and Building Materials 285, no. : 122899.

Conference paper
Published: 08 March 2021 in Materials Today: Proceedings
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In this study, the alkali activated mortars (AAMs) were synthesized from waste ceramic tile powder (WCP), ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) and fly ash (FA). The effects of binder composition on the sustainability of AAMs were investigated. GBFS was replaced by FA at different percentages of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. In contrast, the WCP content of the binders was kept at 50% in all AAMs. Engineering properties like compressive strength, drying shrinkage and sulfuric acid resistance were evaluated in this study. From the study, the compressive strength of proposed mortar was found to be decreased with a higher content of FA in the alkali-activated matrix. Besides, AAMs with a higher content of FA demonstrated a lower drying shrinkage and better performance under sulfuric acid environments. Other than enhanced durability properties, a lower energy consumption, smaller carbon dioxide emissions, and cheaper production cost of proposed mortars were shown when GBFS was replaced by FA.

ACS Style

Zahraa Hussein Joudah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mostafa Samadi; Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim. Sustainability evaluation of alkali-activated mortars incorporating industrial wastes. Materials Today: Proceedings 2021, 46, 1971 -1977.

AMA Style

Zahraa Hussein Joudah, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Mostafa Samadi, Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim. Sustainability evaluation of alkali-activated mortars incorporating industrial wastes. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2021; 46 ():1971-1977.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zahraa Hussein Joudah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mostafa Samadi; Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim. 2021. "Sustainability evaluation of alkali-activated mortars incorporating industrial wastes." Materials Today: Proceedings 46, no. : 1971-1977.

Journal article
Published: 06 March 2021 in Materials
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This research investigated the application of epoxy resin polymer as a self-healing strategy for improving the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based mortar. The epoxy resin was added to the concrete mix at various levels (5, 10, 15, and 20% of cement weight), and the effectiveness of healing was evaluated by microstructural analysis, compressive strength, and non-destructive (ultrasonic pulse velocity) tests. Dry and wet-dry conditions were considered for curing, and for generating artificial cracks, specimens at different curing ages (1 and 6 months) were subjected to compressive testing (50 and 80% of specimen’s ultimate compressive strength). The results indicated that the mechanical properties in the specimen prepared by 10% epoxy resin and cured under wet-dry conditions was higher compared to other specimens. The degree of damage and healing efficiency index of this particular mix design were significantly affected by the healing duration and cracking age. An optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a firefly algorithm was developed to estimate these indexes over the self-healing process. Overall, it was concluded that the epoxy resin polymer has high potential as a mechanical properties self-healing agent in cement-based mortar.

ACS Style

Ghasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Iman Faridmehr; Mohammad Baghban. Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar. Materials 2021, 14, 1255 .

AMA Style

Ghasan Huseien, Abdul Sam, Iman Faridmehr, Mohammad Baghban. Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar. Materials. 2021; 14 (5):1255.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Iman Faridmehr; Mohammad Baghban. 2021. "Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar." Materials 14, no. 5: 1255.

Journal article
Published: 14 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Alkali-activated products composed of industrial waste materials have shown promising environmentally friendly features with appropriate strength and durability. This study explores the mechanical properties and structural morphology of ternary blended alkali-activated mortars composed of industrial waste materials, including fly ash (FA), palm oil fly ash (POFA), waste ceramic powder (WCP), and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS). The effect on the mechanical properties of the Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO content of each binder is investigated in 42 engineered alkali-activated mixes (AAMs). The AAMs structural morphology is first explored with the aid of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. Furthermore, three different algorithms are used to predict the AAMs mechanical properties. Both an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a metaheuristic Krill Herd algorithm (KHA-ANN) and an ANN-combined genetic algorithm (GA-ANN) are developed and compared with a multiple linear regression (MLR) model. The structural morphology tests confirm that the high GBFS volume in AAMs results in a high volume of hydration products and significantly improves the final mechanical properties. However, increasing POFA and WCP percentage in AAMs manifests in the rise of unreacted silicate and reduces C-S-H products that negatively affect the observed mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the mechanical features in AAMs with high-volume FA are significantly dependent on the GBFS percentage in the binder mass. It is also shown that the proposed KHA-ANN model offers satisfactory results of mechanical property predictions for AAMs, with higher accuracy than the GA-ANN or MLR methods. The final weight and bias values given by the model suggest that the KHA-ANN method can be efficiently used to design AAMs with targeted mechanical features and desired amounts of waste consumption.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2062 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Chiara Bedon, Ghasan Huseien, Mehdi Nikoo, Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2062.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. 2021. "Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2062.

Journal article
Published: 08 December 2020 in Sustainability
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The concepts of smart building (SB) and smart facilities management (SFM) are crucial as they aim to uplift occupants’ living standards through information and communication technology. However, the current network possesses several challenges to SFM, due to low bandwidth, high latency, and inability to connect a high amount of IoT (Internet of things) devices. 5G technology promises high-class network services with low latency, high bandwidth, and network slicing to achieve real-time efficiency. Moreover, 5G promises a more sustainable future as it will play a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and shaping future applications to achieve higher sustainability goals. This paper discusses the current challenges and benefits of implementing 5G in various use cases in SFM applications. Furthermore, this paper highlights the Singapore government rollout plan for 5G implementation and discusses the roadmap of SFM use case development initiatives undertaken by 5G Advanced BIM Lab (Department of Building, National University of Singapore) in alignment with the 5G implementation plan of Singapore. Under these 5G SFM projects, the lab seeks to develop state-of-the-art 5G use cases in collaboration with various industry partners and developed a framework for teaching and training to enhance students’ learning motivation and help mid-career professionals to upskill and upgrade themselves to reap multiple benefits using the 5G network. This article will serve as a benchmark for researchers and industries for future progress and development of SFM systems by leveraging 5G networks for higher sustainability targets and implementing teaching and learning programs to achieve greater organizational excellence.

ACS Style

Michael Chew; Evelyn Teo; Kwok Shah; Vishal Kumar; Ghassan Hussein. Evaluating the Roadmap of 5G Technology Implementation for Smart Building and Facilities Management in Singapore. Sustainability 2020, 12, 10259 .

AMA Style

Michael Chew, Evelyn Teo, Kwok Shah, Vishal Kumar, Ghassan Hussein. Evaluating the Roadmap of 5G Technology Implementation for Smart Building and Facilities Management in Singapore. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (24):10259.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michael Chew; Evelyn Teo; Kwok Shah; Vishal Kumar; Ghassan Hussein. 2020. "Evaluating the Roadmap of 5G Technology Implementation for Smart Building and Facilities Management in Singapore." Sustainability 12, no. 24: 10259.

Journal article
Published: 02 December 2020 in Materials
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Alkali activated concretes have emerged as a prospective alternative to conventional concrete wherein diverse waste materials have been converted as valuable spin-offs. This paper presents a wide experimental study on the sustainability of employing waste sawdust as a fine/coarse aggregate replacement incorporating fly ash (FA) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) to make high-performance cement-free lightweight concretes. Waste sawdust was replaced with aggregate at 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 vol% incorporating alkali binder, including 70% FA and 30% GBFS. The blend was activated using a low sodium hydroxide concentration (2 M). The acoustic, thermal, and predicted engineering properties of concretes were evaluated, and the life cycle of various mixtures were calculated to investigate the sustainability of concrete. Besides this, by using the available experimental test database, an optimized Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was developed to estimate the mechanical properties of the designed alkali-activated mortar mixes depending on each sawdust volume percentage. Based on the findings, it was found that the sound absorption and reduction in thermal conductivity were enhanced with increasing sawdust contents. The compressive strengths of the specimens were found to be influenced by the sawdust content and the strength dropped from 65 to 48 MPa with the corresponding increase in the sawdust levels from 0% up to 100%. The results also showed that the emissions of carbon dioxide, energy utilization, and outlay tended to drop with an increase in the amount of sawdust and show more the lightweight concrete to be more sustainable for construction applications.

ACS Style

Hisham Alabduljabbar; Ghasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Rayed Alyouef; Hassan Algaifi; Abdulaziz Alaskar. Engineering Properties of Waste Sawdust-Based Lightweight Alkali-Activated Concrete: Experimental Assessment and Numerical Prediction. Materials 2020, 13, 5490 .

AMA Style

Hisham Alabduljabbar, Ghasan Huseien, Abdul Sam, Rayed Alyouef, Hassan Algaifi, Abdulaziz Alaskar. Engineering Properties of Waste Sawdust-Based Lightweight Alkali-Activated Concrete: Experimental Assessment and Numerical Prediction. Materials. 2020; 13 (23):5490.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hisham Alabduljabbar; Ghasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Rayed Alyouef; Hassan Algaifi; Abdulaziz Alaskar. 2020. "Engineering Properties of Waste Sawdust-Based Lightweight Alkali-Activated Concrete: Experimental Assessment and Numerical Prediction." Materials 13, no. 23: 5490.

Journal article
Published: 11 November 2020 in Nano Express
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ACS Style

Kwok Wei Shah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien. Inorganic nanomaterials for fighting surface and airborne pathogens and viruses. Nano Express 2020, 1, 032003 .

AMA Style

Kwok Wei Shah, Ghasan Fahim Huseien. Inorganic nanomaterials for fighting surface and airborne pathogens and viruses. Nano Express. 2020; 1 (3):032003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwok Wei Shah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien. 2020. "Inorganic nanomaterials for fighting surface and airborne pathogens and viruses." Nano Express 1, no. 3: 032003.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2020 in Construction and Building Materials
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The improvement of the rheology, morphology and strength performance of the self-compacting alkali-activated concretes (SCAACs) incorporated with fly ash (FA) as ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) replacement remains challenging. To meet this need, five mixtures were prepared with different amounts of FA (30, 40, 50, 60 and 70, weight %) as the GBFS substitute. The prepared specimens were thoroughly characterized to examine their textures, microstructures and strength properties. Various characteristics of the obtained SCAACs were compared with the control mixture containing 100% of GBFS. The achieved SCAACs prepared with 40, 50 and 60% of FA displayed enhanced workability performance (plastic viscosity, passing ability and filling, segregation resistance). In addition, the compressive strength, splitting tensile and flexural strengths of the SCAACs were dropped with the increase in FA contents. The concrete prepared with 70% of FA content showed poor structure due to the formation of less hydration products. The observed reduction in the drying shrinkage of the proposed SCAACs was mainly attributed to the addition of the higher amount of FA in the mixture. It is established that the substitution of GBFS by FA may be prospective for the production of the cement-free self-compaction sustainable concretes beneficial towards the building sectors.

ACS Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Rayed Alyousef. Texture, morphology and strength performance of self-compacting alkali-activated concrete: Role of fly ash as GBFS replacement. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 270, 121368 .

AMA Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam, Rayed Alyousef. Texture, morphology and strength performance of self-compacting alkali-activated concrete: Role of fly ash as GBFS replacement. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 270 ():121368.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Rayed Alyousef. 2020. "Texture, morphology and strength performance of self-compacting alkali-activated concrete: Role of fly ash as GBFS replacement." Construction and Building Materials 270, no. : 121368.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2020 in Construction and Building Materials
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Environmentally sustainable construction materials with reduced carbon footprint have ever-growing demand worldwide. Based on this factor, some modified cement concrete mixtures incorporated with optimum ratio of fly ash (FA) and effective microorganism (EM) were produced. The strength performance, water absorption, resistance to aggressive environments (sulfuric acid and sulphate) and microstructures of the proposed concretes was evaluated. Four different ratios of FA replacing ordinary Portland cement (OPC) were used to select the optimum composition. The water content was replaced with the EM solution of 5, 10, 15, and 20%. The FA and EM incorporating OPC in the concrete matrix were found to enhance the mechanical and durability characteristics of the modified concretes. The early compressive strength of proposed concrete was enhanced over 30% and the durability was improved against the harsh environment due to the incorporation of OPC with 10% of FA and EM. The optimum concrete obtained with the FA and EM of 10% was asserted to be environmentally beneficial towards less global warming.

ACS Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Zahraa Hussein Joudah; Nur Hafizah A. Khalid; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Mahmood Md. Tahir; Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim; Rayed Alyousef; Jahangir Mirza. Durability performance of modified concrete incorporating fly ash and effective microorganism. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 267, 120947 .

AMA Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Zahraa Hussein Joudah, Nur Hafizah A. Khalid, Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam, Mahmood Md. Tahir, Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim, Rayed Alyousef, Jahangir Mirza. Durability performance of modified concrete incorporating fly ash and effective microorganism. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 267 ():120947.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Zahraa Hussein Joudah; Nur Hafizah A. Khalid; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Mahmood Md. Tahir; Nor Hasanah Abdul Shukor Lim; Rayed Alyousef; Jahangir Mirza. 2020. "Durability performance of modified concrete incorporating fly ash and effective microorganism." Construction and Building Materials 267, no. : 120947.

Review
Published: 08 October 2020 in Biomimetics
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Climate change is anticipated to have a major impact on concrete structures through increasing rates of deterioration as well the impacts of extreme weather events. The deterioration can affect directly or indirectly climate change in addition to the variation in the carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and relative humidity. The deterioration that occurs from the very beginning of the service not only reduces the lifespan of the concretes but also demands more cement to maintain the durability. Meanwhile, the repair process of damaged parts is highly labor intensive and expensive. Thus, the self-healing of such damages is essential for the environmental safety and energy cost saving. The design and production of the self-healing as well as sustainable concretes are intensely researched within the construction industries. Based on these factors, this article provides the materials and methods required for a comprehensive assessment of self-healing concretes. Past developments, recent trends, environmental impacts, sustainability, merits and demerits of several methods for the production of self-healing concrete are discussed and analyzed.

ACS Style

Kwok Wei Shah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien. Biomimetic Self-Healing Cementitious Construction Materials for Smart Buildings. Biomimetics 2020, 5, 47 .

AMA Style

Kwok Wei Shah, Ghasan Fahim Huseien. Biomimetic Self-Healing Cementitious Construction Materials for Smart Buildings. Biomimetics. 2020; 5 (4):47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kwok Wei Shah; Ghasan Fahim Huseien. 2020. "Biomimetic Self-Healing Cementitious Construction Materials for Smart Buildings." Biomimetics 5, no. 4: 47.

Journal article
Published: 15 September 2020 in Materials
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Currently, alkali-activated binders using industrial wastes are considered an environmentally friendly alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which contributes to addressing the high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and enlarging embodied energy (EE). Concretes produced from industrial wastes have shown promising environmentally-friendly features with appropriate strength and durability. From this perspective, the compressive strength (CS), CO2 emissions, and EE of four industrial powder waste materials, including fly ash (FA), palm oil fly ash (POFA), waste ceramic powder (WCP), and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS), were investigated as replacements for OPC. Forty-two engineered alkali-activated mix (AAM) designs with different percentages of the above-mentioned waste materials were experimentally investigated to evaluate the effect of each binder mass percentage on 28-day CS. Additionally, the effects of each industrial powder waste material on SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3 contents were investigated. The results confirm that adding FA to the samples caused a reduction of less than 26% in CS, whereas the replacement of GBFS by different levels of POFA significantly affected the compressive strength of specimens. The results also show that the AAM designs with a high volume FA provided the lowest EE and CO2 emission levels compared to other mix designs. Empirical equations were also proposed to estimate the CS, CO2 emissions, and EE of AAM designs according to their binder mass compositions.

ACS Style

Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar. Materials 2020, 13, 4098 .

AMA Style

Iman Faridmehr, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar. Materials. 2020; 13 (18):4098.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. 2020. "Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar." Materials 13, no. 18: 4098.

Journal article
Published: 15 May 2020 in Construction and Building Materials
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The disposal of rubbers from the waste tyres remains the main environmental concern worldwide unless recycled in an eco-friendly way. The incorporation of these wastes into the concretes as replacement agent for some of the natural aggregates is strategized as one of the possible solutions. Based on these factors, this study evaluates the effects of the tire rubber crumb wastes (TRCWs) at various contents (5, 10, 20 and 30% of volume) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) as the fine and coarse aggregates replacement on the properties of newly designed concretes. Twelve batches of such concretes are prepared by blending the industrial wastes including the GBFS and TRCWs with ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The mechanical and durability performance of these modified concretes are analyzed using slump, compressive, tensile, flexural strength, and resistance to acid attack tests. The concrete modified with 20% of GBFS as OPC replacement shows enhanced mechanical traits wherein the compressive strength after the curing age of 28 days is higher (42.8 MPa) than the OPC control mix (33.8 MPa). Moreover, the mix designed with 5% of TRCWs as fine or/and coarse aggregates replacement is nearly 14.8% compared to the OPC specimens. The results show that the TRCWs substitution up to a limit of 10% of the river sand and gravel into the concrete can be effective without any strength loss. It is established that the use of TRCWs into concrete will not only be the cost-effective alternative but can be an environmental remedy and renewable resource for developing construction materials, leading to sustainability (minimization of the depletion of natural resources including river sand and gravel).

ACS Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. Long-term mechanical and durable properties of waste tires rubber crumbs replaced GBFS modified concretes. Construction and Building Materials 2020, 256, 119505 .

AMA Style

Akram M. Mhaya, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin, Mohammad Ismail. Long-term mechanical and durable properties of waste tires rubber crumbs replaced GBFS modified concretes. Construction and Building Materials. 2020; 256 ():119505.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Akram M. Mhaya; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Ahmad Razin Zainal Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. 2020. "Long-term mechanical and durable properties of waste tires rubber crumbs replaced GBFS modified concretes." Construction and Building Materials 256, no. : 119505.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2020 in Journal of Building Engineering
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Nowadays, alkali-activated binders based industrial and agricultural wastes have been introduced as the environmental friendly materials with high durability performance. We evaluate the performance of alkali-activated mortars (AAMs) incorporated with fly ash (FA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS) as surface repair materials useful in construction sector. Various levels of GBFS replacing FA were blended and activated via low concentration of the alkaline activator solution. The fresh and hardened state properties of these AAMs including the flow and setting time, compressive, flexural and tensile strengths, abrasion resistance, bond strength and compatibility with the base concrete substrate (NC) tests were performed. The microstructures and related characteristics of such mortars were also examined. The bond strength and other mechanical properties of the AAMs were enhanced when FA was replaced by GBFS in the presence of low alkaline solution contents. The early bond strength after 24 h was increased from 1.8 MPa to 2.4 MPa when the GBFS level was raised from 30 to 70%, respectively. This increase in the AAMs bond strength and improvement in the compressive strength as well as microstructure were ascribed to the formation of more C-(A)-S-H due to the increase in the calcium content. The obtained excellent abrasion-erosion resistance, freeze-thaw cycling resistance and high compatibility with the concrete substrate confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed AAMs as high performance repair material effective for the damaged concrete surfaces.

ACS Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Kwok Wei Shah. Performance evaluation of alkali-activated mortars containing industrial wastes as surface repair materials. Journal of Building Engineering 2020, 30, 101234 .

AMA Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Kwok Wei Shah. Performance evaluation of alkali-activated mortars containing industrial wastes as surface repair materials. Journal of Building Engineering. 2020; 30 ():101234.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Kwok Wei Shah. 2020. "Performance evaluation of alkali-activated mortars containing industrial wastes as surface repair materials." Journal of Building Engineering 30, no. : 101234.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2019 in Construction and Building Materials
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ACS Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Kwok Wei Shah; A.M.A. Budiea; Jahangir Mirza. Utilizing spend garnets as sand replacement in alkali-activated mortars containing fly ash and GBFS. Construction and Building Materials 2019, 225, 132 -145.

AMA Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam, Kwok Wei Shah, A.M.A. Budiea, Jahangir Mirza. Utilizing spend garnets as sand replacement in alkali-activated mortars containing fly ash and GBFS. Construction and Building Materials. 2019; 225 ():132-145.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Abdul Rahman Mohd Sam; Kwok Wei Shah; A.M.A. Budiea; Jahangir Mirza. 2019. "Utilizing spend garnets as sand replacement in alkali-activated mortars containing fly ash and GBFS." Construction and Building Materials 225, no. : 132-145.