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Self-compacting concrete (SCC) became a strong candidate for various construction applications owing to its excellent workability, low labor demand, and enhanced finish-ability, and because it provides a solution to the problem of mechanical vibration and related noise pollution in urban settings. However, the production of Portland cement (PC) as a primary constituent of SCC is energy-intensive, contributing to about 7% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Conversely, the use of alternative geopolymer binders (GBs) in concrete can significantly reduce the energy consumption and CO2 emissions. In addition, using GBs in SCC can produce unique sustainable concrete with unparallel engineering properties. In this outlook, this work investigated the development of some eco-efficient self-compacting geopolymer concretes (SCGCs) obtained by incorporating different dosages of fly ash (FA) and ground blast furnace slag (GBFS). The structural, morphological, and mechanical traits of these SCGCs were examined via non-destructive tests like X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The workability and mechanical properties of six SCGC mixtures were examined using various measurements, and the obtained results were analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, an optimized hybrid artificial neural network (ANN) coupled with a metaheuristic Bat optimization algorithm was developed to estimate the compressive strength (CS) of these SCGCs. The results demonstrated that it is possible to achieve appropriate workability and mechanical strength through 50% partial replacement of GBFS with FA in the SCGC precursor binder. It is established that the proposed Bat-ANN model can offer an effective intelligent method for estimating the mechanical properties of various SCGC mixtures with superior reliability and accuracy via preventing the need for laborious, costly, and time-consuming laboratory trial batches that are responsible for substantial materials wastage.
Iman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Ghasan Huseien; Mohammad Baghban; Abdul Sam; Hassan Algaifi. Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete. Sustainability 2021, 13, 7444 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Moncef Nehdi, Ghasan Huseien, Mohammad Baghban, Abdul Sam, Hassan Algaifi. Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (13):7444.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Moncef Nehdi; Ghasan Huseien; Mohammad Baghban; Abdul Sam; Hassan Algaifi. 2021. "Experimental and Informational Modeling Study of Sustainable Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete." Sustainability 13, no. 13: 7444.
The behavior of beam-to-column connections significantly influences the stability, strength, and stiffness of steel structures. This is particularly important in extreme non-elastic responses, i.e., earthquakes, and sudden column removal, as the fluctuation in strength and stiffness affects both supply and demand. Accordingly, it is essential to accurately estimate the strength and stiffness of connections in the analysis of and design procedures for steel structures. Beginning with the state-of-the-art, the capacity of three available component-based mechanical models to estimate the complex mechanical properties of top- and seat-angle connections with double-web angles (TSACWs), with variable parameters, were investigated. Subsequently, a novel hybrid krill herd algorithm-artificial neural network (KHA-ANN) model was proposed to acquire an informational model from the available experimental dataset. Using several statistical metrics, including the corresponding coefficient of variation (CoV), correlation coefficient (R), and the correlation coefficient provided by the Taylor diagram, this study revealed that the krill herd-ANN model achieved the most reliable predictive accuracy for the strength and stiffness of top- and seat-angle connections with double web angles.
Iman Faridmehr; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban; Raffaele Pucinotti. Hybrid Krill Herd-ANN Model for Prediction Strength and Stiffness of Bolted Connections. Buildings 2021, 11, 229 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Mehdi Nikoo, Mohammad Baghban, Raffaele Pucinotti. Hybrid Krill Herd-ANN Model for Prediction Strength and Stiffness of Bolted Connections. Buildings. 2021; 11 (6):229.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban; Raffaele Pucinotti. 2021. "Hybrid Krill Herd-ANN Model for Prediction Strength and Stiffness of Bolted Connections." Buildings 11, no. 6: 229.
Recycling of the waste rubber tire crumbs (WRTCs) for the concretes production generated renewed interest worldwide. The insertion of such waste as a substitute for the natural aggregates in the concretes is an emergent trend for sustainable development towards building materials. Meanwhile, the enhanced resistance of the concrete structures against aggressive environments is important for durability, cost-saving, and sustainability. In this view, this research evaluated the performance of several modified rubberized concretes by exposing them to aggressive environments i.e., acid, and sulphate attacks, elevated temperatures. These concrete (12 batches) were made by replacing the cement and natural aggregate with an appropriate amount of the granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) and WRTCs, respectively. The proposed mix designs’ performance was evaluated by several measures, including the residual compressive strength (CS), weight loss, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), microstructures, etc. Besides, by using the available experimental test database, an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) was developed to estimate the residual CS of modified rubberized concrete after immersion one year in MgSO4 and H2SO4 solutions. The results indicated that modified rubberized concrete prepared by 5 to 20% WRTCs as a substitute to natural aggregate, provided lower CS and weight lose expose to sulphate and acid attacks compared to control specimen prepared by ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Although the CS were slightly declined at the elevated temperature, these proposed mix designs have a high potential for a wide variety of concrete industrial applications, especially in acid and sulphate risk.
Akram M. Mhaya; Mohammad Baghban; Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Huseien; Ahmad Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments. Materials 2021, 14, 1900 .
AMA StyleAkram M. Mhaya, Mohammad Baghban, Iman Faridmehr, Ghasan Huseien, Ahmad Abidin, Mohammad Ismail. Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments. Materials. 2021; 14 (8):1900.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAkram M. Mhaya; Mohammad Baghban; Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Huseien; Ahmad Abidin; Mohammad Ismail. 2021. "Performance Evaluation of Modified Rubberized Concrete Exposed to Aggressive Environments." Materials 14, no. 8: 1900.
This research investigated the application of epoxy resin polymer as a self-healing strategy for improving the mechanical and durability properties of cement-based mortar. The epoxy resin was added to the concrete mix at various levels (5, 10, 15, and 20% of cement weight), and the effectiveness of healing was evaluated by microstructural analysis, compressive strength, and non-destructive (ultrasonic pulse velocity) tests. Dry and wet-dry conditions were considered for curing, and for generating artificial cracks, specimens at different curing ages (1 and 6 months) were subjected to compressive testing (50 and 80% of specimen’s ultimate compressive strength). The results indicated that the mechanical properties in the specimen prepared by 10% epoxy resin and cured under wet-dry conditions was higher compared to other specimens. The degree of damage and healing efficiency index of this particular mix design were significantly affected by the healing duration and cracking age. An optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a firefly algorithm was developed to estimate these indexes over the self-healing process. Overall, it was concluded that the epoxy resin polymer has high potential as a mechanical properties self-healing agent in cement-based mortar.
Ghasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Iman Faridmehr; Mohammad Baghban. Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar. Materials 2021, 14, 1255 .
AMA StyleGhasan Huseien, Abdul Sam, Iman Faridmehr, Mohammad Baghban. Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar. Materials. 2021; 14 (5):1255.
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhasan Huseien; Abdul Sam; Iman Faridmehr; Mohammad Baghban. 2021. "Performance of Epoxy Resin Polymer as Self-Healing Cementitious Materials Agent in Mortar." Materials 14, no. 5: 1255.
Alkali-activated products composed of industrial waste materials have shown promising environmentally friendly features with appropriate strength and durability. This study explores the mechanical properties and structural morphology of ternary blended alkali-activated mortars composed of industrial waste materials, including fly ash (FA), palm oil fly ash (POFA), waste ceramic powder (WCP), and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS). The effect on the mechanical properties of the Al2O3, SiO2, and CaO content of each binder is investigated in 42 engineered alkali-activated mixes (AAMs). The AAMs structural morphology is first explored with the aid of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. Furthermore, three different algorithms are used to predict the AAMs mechanical properties. Both an optimized artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a metaheuristic Krill Herd algorithm (KHA-ANN) and an ANN-combined genetic algorithm (GA-ANN) are developed and compared with a multiple linear regression (MLR) model. The structural morphology tests confirm that the high GBFS volume in AAMs results in a high volume of hydration products and significantly improves the final mechanical properties. However, increasing POFA and WCP percentage in AAMs manifests in the rise of unreacted silicate and reduces C-S-H products that negatively affect the observed mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the mechanical features in AAMs with high-volume FA are significantly dependent on the GBFS percentage in the binder mass. It is also shown that the proposed KHA-ANN model offers satisfactory results of mechanical property predictions for AAMs, with higher accuracy than the GA-ANN or MLR methods. The final weight and bias values given by the model suggest that the KHA-ANN method can be efficiently used to design AAMs with targeted mechanical features and desired amounts of waste consumption.
Iman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability 2021, 13, 2062 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Chiara Bedon, Ghasan Huseien, Mehdi Nikoo, Mohammad Baghban. Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):2062.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Chiara Bedon; Ghasan Huseien; Mehdi Nikoo; Mohammad Baghban. 2021. "Assessment of Mechanical Properties and Structural Morphology of Alkali-Activated Mortars with Industrial Waste Materials." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 2062.
Currently, alkali-activated binders using industrial wastes are considered an environmentally friendly alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which contributes to addressing the high levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and enlarging embodied energy (EE). Concretes produced from industrial wastes have shown promising environmentally-friendly features with appropriate strength and durability. From this perspective, the compressive strength (CS), CO2 emissions, and EE of four industrial powder waste materials, including fly ash (FA), palm oil fly ash (POFA), waste ceramic powder (WCP), and granulated blast-furnace slag (GBFS), were investigated as replacements for OPC. Forty-two engineered alkali-activated mix (AAM) designs with different percentages of the above-mentioned waste materials were experimentally investigated to evaluate the effect of each binder mass percentage on 28-day CS. Additionally, the effects of each industrial powder waste material on SiO2, CaO, and Al2O3 contents were investigated. The results confirm that adding FA to the samples caused a reduction of less than 26% in CS, whereas the replacement of GBFS by different levels of POFA significantly affected the compressive strength of specimens. The results also show that the AAM designs with a high volume FA provided the lowest EE and CO2 emission levels compared to other mix designs. Empirical equations were also proposed to estimate the CS, CO2 emissions, and EE of AAM designs according to their binder mass compositions.
Iman Faridmehr; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar. Materials 2020, 13, 4098 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Ghasan Fahim Huseien, Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar. Materials. 2020; 13 (18):4098.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Ghasan Fahim Huseien; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. 2020. "Evaluation of Mechanical and Environmental Properties of Engineered Alkali-Activated Green Mortar." Materials 13, no. 18: 4098.
Local failure of one or more components due to abnormal loading can induce the progressive collapse of a building structure. In this study, by the aid of available full-scale test results on double-span systems subjected to the middle column loss scenario, an extensive parametric study was performed to investigate the effects of different design parameters on progressive collapse performance of beam-to-column connections, i.e., beam span-to-depth ratio, catenary mechanism, and connection robustness. The selected full-scale double-span assemblies consisted of fully rigid (welded flange-welded web, SidePlate), semi-rigid (flush end-plate, extended end-plate), and flexible connections (top and seat angle, web cleat). The test results, including load-deformation responses, development of the catenary mechanism, and connection robustness, are presented in detail. The finding of this research further enables a comprehensive comparison between different types of steel beam-to-column connections since the effects of span-to-depth ratio and beam sections were filtered out.
Iman Faridmehr; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. An Overview of Progressive Collapse Behavior of Steel Beam-to-Column Connections. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6003 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. An Overview of Progressive Collapse Behavior of Steel Beam-to-Column Connections. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (17):6003.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. 2020. "An Overview of Progressive Collapse Behavior of Steel Beam-to-Column Connections." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17: 6003.
Maintaining the reservoir safety of large dams has considerable importance for the public where they are constructed in heavily populated and industrialized areas. The extreme hydrodynamic force caused by ground acceleration, cavitation damage, and vibration are among concerns that threaten the safety of the spillway and its conveyance structures when subjected to a natural disaster, such as earthquakes and severe floods. Current research investigates the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic performance of the Karkheh Dam spillway radial gate through 3-D finite element (FE) models using ABAQUS/Explicit. The common loads applied on the radial gate were reviewed and stress–strain in the skin plate and trunnion were investigated as a result of developed hydrodynamic pressures. The performance of conveyance structures subjected to significant discharge was also investigated through a small-scale model to evaluate the cavitation damage index. The results of this research will help researchers in the field of civil and hydraulic engineering for the risk analysis of the radial gates and conveyance structures.
Iman Faridmehr; Ali Farokhi Nejad; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban; Reza Ghorbani. Numerical and Physical Analysis on the Response of a Dam’s Radial Gate to Extreme Loading Performance. Water 2020, 12, 2425 .
AMA StyleIman Faridmehr, Ali Farokhi Nejad, Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban, Reza Ghorbani. Numerical and Physical Analysis on the Response of a Dam’s Radial Gate to Extreme Loading Performance. Water. 2020; 12 (9):2425.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIman Faridmehr; Ali Farokhi Nejad; Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban; Reza Ghorbani. 2020. "Numerical and Physical Analysis on the Response of a Dam’s Radial Gate to Extreme Loading Performance." Water 12, no. 9: 2425.
Low impact on the environment and low cost are the key drivers for today’s technology uptake. There are many concerns for cement production in terms of negative environmental impact due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, deficiency of raw materials, as well as high energy consumption. Replacement of the cement by appropriate additives known as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) could result in reduction in GHG emission. Limestone-calcined clay cement (LC3) is a promising binder in the concrete sector for its improvements to environmental impact, durability, and mechanical properties. On the other hand, the advantages of fiber-reinforced concrete such as improved ductility, versatility, and durability have resulted in increasing demand for this type of concrete and introduction of new standards for considering the mechanical properties of fibers in structural design. Thus, using natural fibers instead of synthetic fibers can be another step toward the sustainability of the concrete industry, which is facing increasing demand for cement-based materials. This review studies the potential of natural Kenaf fiber-reinforced concrete containing LC3 binder as a step toward green cementitious composite. While studies show that energy consumption and GHG emission can be reduced and there is a significant potential to enhance mechanical and durability properties of concrete using this composition, adjustment of the mix design, assessing the long-term performance and standardization, are the next steps for the use of the material in practice.
Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban; Reza Mahjoub. Natural Kenaf Fiber and LC3 Binder for Sustainable Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite: A Review. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 357 .
AMA StyleMohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban, Reza Mahjoub. Natural Kenaf Fiber and LC3 Binder for Sustainable Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite: A Review. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (1):357.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban; Reza Mahjoub. 2020. "Natural Kenaf Fiber and LC3 Binder for Sustainable Fiber-Reinforced Cementitious Composite: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1: 357.
Corrosion is the most commonly severe defect in reinforced concrete (RC) structures and it mainly causes reduced rebar cross-section. The corrosion rate is the determining parameter of the progress of corrosion-induced damage. The present work is focused on the application of finite element (FE) analysis, using DIANA, to predict the residual capacity of reinforced concrete beam with different degree of corrosion. To this aim, existing experimental data is used to develop a FE model of corroded beams and to investigate their behaviour. This model is validated to predict the impact of time and current rate of corrosion on the residual load carrying capacity of corroded RC beams.
M Kioumarsi; Mh Baghban; S Imperatore. Effect of time dependent corrosion rate on residual capacity of corroded RC beam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 2019, 652, 012031 .
AMA StyleM Kioumarsi, Mh Baghban, S Imperatore. Effect of time dependent corrosion rate on residual capacity of corroded RC beam. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 2019; 652 (1):012031.
Chicago/Turabian StyleM Kioumarsi; Mh Baghban; S Imperatore. 2019. "Effect of time dependent corrosion rate on residual capacity of corroded RC beam." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 652, no. 1: 012031.
Mohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Water Sorption of Hardened Cement Pastes. Cement Based Materials 2018, 1 .
AMA StyleMohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. Water Sorption of Hardened Cement Pastes. Cement Based Materials. 2018; ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Hajmohammadian Baghban. 2018. "Water Sorption of Hardened Cement Pastes." Cement Based Materials , no. : 1.
Cement-based materials are the most consumed materials in the construction industry. Low or high thermal conductive cement-based materials are of interest in applications such as embedded floor heating systems, building envelopes or structural elements. This paper describes prediction models for thermal conductivity of cementitious composites by considering different variables such as constituent materials, porosity and moisture content. The presented prediction models may be used for thermal conductivity based mix design of cementitious materials. Based on the desired accuracy, different solutions are proposed.
Mohammad H. Baghban; Mahdi Kioumarsi; Sotirios Grammatikos. Prediction Models for Thermal Conductivity of Cement-based Composites. Nordic Concrete Research 2018, 58, 163 -171.
AMA StyleMohammad H. Baghban, Mahdi Kioumarsi, Sotirios Grammatikos. Prediction Models for Thermal Conductivity of Cement-based Composites. Nordic Concrete Research. 2018; 58 (1):163-171.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad H. Baghban; Mahdi Kioumarsi; Sotirios Grammatikos. 2018. "Prediction Models for Thermal Conductivity of Cement-based Composites." Nordic Concrete Research 58, no. 1: 163-171.