The objective of this study is to assess the effect of alcohol consumption, anxiety, and food restriction before and after consuming alcohol and body image on the risk of anorexia and bulimia in college students from Tijuana, Baja California, through predictive statistical models. A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional design and a non-probabilistic sample of 526 college students from Tijuana, Baja California, México were used. Application of the scales (with acceptable psychometric properties) was conducted in classrooms. Through path analyses, four models were found with adequate indicators of goodness of fit: (1) risk of anorexia in women [Chi Square (X²) = 5.34, p = 0.376, Adjusted Determination Coefficient (R²)= 0.250]; (2) anorexia risk for men (X² = 13.067, p = 0.192, R² = 0.058); (3) risk of bulimia in women (X² = 3.358, p = 0.645, R² = 0.202); and bulimia risk for men (X² = 14.256, p = 0.075, R² = 0.284). The findings provide empirical evidence for the food and alcohol disturbance model.

La autolesión tiene una alta frecuencia en adolescentes, por lo que son necesarios instrumentos adecuados para su medición y acciones preventivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue elaborar un instrumento válido y confiable que explorara la presencia de autolesión y aspectos muy poco abordados, como dificultad para dejar de lesionarse y el factor de riesgo denominado contagio social. De una muestra total (N = 629) no probabilística se obtuvo una muestra con distribución normal con N = 241 estudiantes de secundarias públicas del sur de la Ciudad de México, 89 hombres y 152 mujeres, con M = 12.37 años (DE = 2.28) y rango de 11-15 años. Los ítems del instrumento se elaboraron con base en la literatura y se sometieron a procedimientos de validación de contenido (evaluación de expertos), laboratorios cognoscitivos (para asegurar comprensión/significado de los ítems), validez de constructo, análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) y confirmatorio (AFC), y consistencia interna (coeficientes alpha y omega). El AFC proyectó un modelo con tres factores (frecuencia, efecto adictivo y contagio social) con índices de bondad de ajuste adecuados y consistencia interna aceptable (alpha y omega = 0.94). Los resultados indican que el cuestionario es útil para evaluar aspectos relevantes de la autolesión; se discute la necesidad de complementar la información con entrevistas y de ahondar en el contagio social y la intención de autolesionarse.

Depression is a type of mood disorder that can impact individuals of any age. A variety of factors, including biological, psychological, and environmental factors, can contribute to the likelihood of developing depression. If the environment in which a person exists does not support its occurrence, the disorder may not manifest. The current research follows a retrospective, correlational approach, utilizing a non-probability sample of 557 high school students from public schools in Mexico City. This sample includes 181 males and 376 females, aged between 15 and 18 years, with an average age of 15.66 and a standard deviation of 0.68. The main objective of this research is to identify the variables that serve as risk factors for the development of depressive disorders in Mexican adolescents in high school. The data show that 78% of the adolescents in the total sample were at risk of depression, which is consistent with what has been reported by other researchers. The regression model shows that alcohol and drug consumption is associated with and influences the emergence and presence of depressive symptomatology and major depressive disorder. Adolescents with different sexual orientations than heterosexuals are twice as likely to suffer depression and emotional dysregulation. It was confirmed that the developmental stage and adolescence contributes as a context that favors the evolution of such a symptomatology.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of OTESSED, an online test for the self-detection and prevention of risk factors for eating disorders and related problems, such as depression, social anxiety, and self-injury, in samples of male and female adolescents. Participants formed a non-probability sample of N = 577 high school students. The mean ages of boys and girls were the same (Mage = 15.61; SD = 0.73). Among the main results, scales of depression, self-injury, social anxiety, and risky eating behavior (REB) with construct validity (CFA) were obtained. The first two showed the same structure (two factors per sex), with an appropriate reliability omega value (0.92), and a similar percentage of explained variance (≥50). The REB scale presented two factors for boys and three for girls, with an appropriate omega value (0.88) and explained variance percentage (0.56). The instrument validation process was completed, meeting the discriminant validity criterion for each scale of the OTESSED.

Given the lack of scales with a robust psychometric assessment of self-efficacy related to obesity in early adolescence, we aimed to obtain an instrument with high-quality validity and reliability items. Nonrandom samples (N = 2371) classified boys (1174, M = 12.83, SD = 0.84) and girls (1197, M = 12.68, SD = 0.78) from Mexico City and some cities of the Mexican Republic with obesity rates near to the national level mean. A multi-validity process and structural invariance analysis using the Perceived Self-efficacy Scale for Obesity Prevention were performed. A two-factor—physical activity and healthy eating—model with high effect-sized values—girls R² (0.88, p < 0.01) and boys R² (0.87, p < 0.01)—were obtained. Each factor explained more than half of the variance with high-reliability coefficients in each group and acceptable adjustment rates. The self-efficacy scale proved to have only girls, an invariant factor structure, or a psychometric equivalence between the groups. The obtained scale showed that a two-factor structure is feasible and appropriate, according to the highest quality of validity and reliability.