This study aimed to compare, first, the anesthetic and cardiopulmonary effects of propofol or isoflurane anesthetic maintenance in goats receiving a fentanyl–lidocaine–ketamine infusion undergoing abomasotomy and, secondly, to compare the quality of the recovery from anesthesia. Two groups were used: propofol (TIVA) and isoflurane (PIVA). Goats were premedicated with fentanyl (10 μg/kg intravenously [IV]), lidocaine (2 mg/kg, IV), and ketamine (1.5 mg/kg, IV). Anesthesia was induced with propofol and maintenance consisted of fentanyl (10 μg/kg/h, IV), lidocaine (50 μg/kg/min, IV), and ketamine (50 μg/kg/min, IV) as constant-rate infusions (CRIs), combined with either CRI of propofol at initial dose of 0.3 mg/kg/min, IV (TIVA), or isoflurane with initial end-tidal (FE’Iso) concentration of 1.2% partial intravenous anesthesia (PIVA). The mean effective propofol dose for maintenance was 0.44 ± 0.07 mg/kg/min, while the mean FE’Iso was 0.81 ± 0.2%. Higher systolic arterial pressure (SAP) values were observed in total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) during some time points. Recovery was smooth in PIVA, while restlessness, vocalizations, and paddling were observed in TIVA. Both protocols produced a satisfactory quality of anesthesia during surgery, with minimal impact on cardiopulmonary function. Nevertheless, recovery after anesthesia in TIVA might be of poor quality.

The objective of this study was to determine the seroprevalence toEhrlichiaspp. in dogs from Xcalak, Quintana Roo, Mexico, and the associated factors. Serum samples were obtained from 118 dogs and used in an indirect immunofluorescent assay test for the detection of antibodies againstEhrlichiaspp. A questionnaire was used to obtain information about possible variables associated with seroprevalence. These variables were analyzed through Chi²test and logistic regression. Dog seroprevalence of antibodies againstEhrlichiaspp. was 64% (75/118). Fifty-two percent (61/118) of dogs had tick infestation which was identified asRhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Anemia was observed in 36% of dogs. Leucopenia (2.5%), thrombocytopenia (70%), and hemorrhage (14%) were also observed. Thirty-one percent (23/75) of dogs with anemia, 4% (3/75) of dogs with leucopenia, 80% (60/75) of dogs with thrombocytopenia, 17% (13/75) of dogs with hemorrhages, and 59% (44/75) of dogs with ticks were positive forEhrlichiaspp. antibodies. The factors associated with seroprevalence were age (1–3 and >3 years old, OR = 7.77 and OR = 15.39, resp.), tick infestation (OR = 3.13), and thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.36). In conclusion, seroprevalence ofEhrlichiaspp. was high in the community of Xcalak and its associated factors were age, tick infestation, and thrombocytopenia.

With the objective to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) and monitor the most affected teeth in dogs under the subtropical conditions in Mexico, 184 randomly selected dogs underwent a periodontal examination. Of the evaluated dogs, 78.8% showed some degree of gingivitis most of them (76.6%) with a moderate index, and 30.4% presented some degree of PD being most of them of a mild degree. Old age and small size dogs were more prone to develop PD as reported elsewhere. Higher mobility index and furcation were seen in maxillary teeth 108 and 208 and mandibular teeth 308 and 408, but some other teeth were involved in less proportion. On probing, bleeding was observed in maxillary teeth 202, 11, 102, and 202 and mandibular teeth 309 and 409. Dental plaque and calculus were more frequent in maxillary teeth 202 and 102 and mandibular teeth 309, 310, and 409. Finally, dental loss was observed with more frequency in all maxillary incisors (102, 201, and 202) and molars 109 and 209; mandibular molars 411 and 311 were more prompt to be losed. This study demonstrates the high prevalence of gingivitis and development of PD in dogs in subtropics in Mexico and reveals the predisposition of some maxillary and mandibular teeth to develop PD and consequently their loss. The clinical implications of the study indicate that special attention should be paid to these teeth to be checked when the dogs come for consultation, during brushing and in dental prophylaxis.