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Federico Righi
Dipartimento di Scienze Medico-Veterinarie,University of Parma, Parma, Italy

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Review
Published: 14 May 2021 in Antioxidants
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The interest for safe and natural foods of animal origin is currently increasing the use of plant feed additives (PFA) as antioxidants in animal nutrition. However, studies with livestock animals dealing with PFA as antioxidants are scarce. The aim of the present review was to evaluate the antioxidant impact of PFA compared with synthetic vitamins on animal food product yield and quality. For this purpose, peer-reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2020 were collected. Most papers were carried out on ruminants (n = 13), but PFA were also tested in swine (n = 6) and rabbits (n = 2). The inclusion of PFA in the diets of pigs, rabbits, and ruminants improved the products’ quality (including organoleptic characteristics and fatty acids profile), oxidative stability, and shelf life, with some impacts also on their yields. The effects of PFA are diverse but often comparable to those of the synthetic antioxidant vitamin E, suggesting their potential as an alternative to this vitamin within the diet.

ACS Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Rosario Pitino; Carmen Manuelian; Marica Simoni; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Massimo De Marchi; Federico Righi. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins in Livestock Animal Products Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status: A Review. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 780 .

AMA Style

Eleni Tsiplakou, Rosario Pitino, Carmen Manuelian, Marica Simoni, Christina Mitsiopoulou, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Righi. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins in Livestock Animal Products Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status: A Review. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):780.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Rosario Pitino; Carmen Manuelian; Marica Simoni; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Massimo De Marchi; Federico Righi. 2021. "Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins in Livestock Animal Products Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status: A Review." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 780.

Review
Published: 11 May 2021 in Antioxidants
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Scientific evidence demonstrates that plant feed additives (PFA) can be a viable alternative to synthetic antioxidant vitamins in poultry nutrition. PFA are represented by plants, essential oils, plant extracts, and by-products from herbal or crop processing. The use of PFA in the feed industry has increased in recent years as their biologically active compounds (polyphenols) have demonstrated antimicrobial and antioxidant effects in food-producing animals. However, few trials have directly compared the effects of PFA with synthetic vitamins. After a systematic literature review of studies comparing the effects of PFA and synthetic vitamins on poultry products in the last 20 years (2000–2020), a total of 44 peer-reviewed articles were included in the present work. A positive effect of PFA on poultry products’ oxidative stability during storage, organoleptic characteristics, and fatty acids profile has been observed without a specific impact on their performances. The effects of PFA are variable but often similar to those of vitamin E, suggesting the opportunity for a partial substitution of the latter in poultry diets.

ACS Style

Rosario Pitino; Massimo De Marchi; Carmen Manuelian; Marion Johnson; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Eleni Tsiplakou. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status of Poultry Products: A Review of the Literature of the Last 20 Years. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 757 .

AMA Style

Rosario Pitino, Massimo De Marchi, Carmen Manuelian, Marion Johnson, Marica Simoni, Federico Righi, Eleni Tsiplakou. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status of Poultry Products: A Review of the Literature of the Last 20 Years. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):757.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rosario Pitino; Massimo De Marchi; Carmen Manuelian; Marion Johnson; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Eleni Tsiplakou. 2021. "Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Yield, Quality, and Oxidative Status of Poultry Products: A Review of the Literature of the Last 20 Years." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 757.

Review
Published: 23 April 2021 in Antioxidants
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Plant feed additives (PFA) such as essential oils, extracts, and by-products from plant processing can be included in poultry diets. A total of 39 peer-reviewed articles were selected from the literature published in the last 20 years (2000–2020) comparing PFA antioxidant effects with synthetic antioxidant vitamins (mainly vitamin E) in poultry nutrition. The PFA can be used as an effective nutritional strategy to face poultry’s oxidative stress with positive impact also on their productivity and efficiency. They can partially or completely replace antioxidant synthetic vitamins (the latter administered at doses between 150 and 500 mg/kg) in animal diets, sometimes affecting important physiological functions or expressing synergistic effect with the synthetic antioxidants. It is crucial to take into consideration the issues related to the absorption and the metabolism of these additives and their interaction with gut microbiota. However, some form- and dose-dependent negative effects on growth performances are observed.

ACS Style

Federico Righi; Rosario Pitino; Carmen Manuelian; Marica Simoni; Afro Quarantelli; Massimo De Marchi; Eleni Tsiplakou. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Poultry Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 659 .

AMA Style

Federico Righi, Rosario Pitino, Carmen Manuelian, Marica Simoni, Afro Quarantelli, Massimo De Marchi, Eleni Tsiplakou. Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Poultry Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):659.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federico Righi; Rosario Pitino; Carmen Manuelian; Marica Simoni; Afro Quarantelli; Massimo De Marchi; Eleni Tsiplakou. 2021. "Plant Feed Additives as Natural Alternatives to the Use of Synthetic Antioxidant Vitamins on Poultry Performances, Health, and Oxidative Status: A Review of the Literature in the Last 20 Years." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 659.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2021 in Antioxidants
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There is limited information on the impact of dietary supplementation with separate rumen-protected (RP) amino acids (AA), or with their combination, on ewes’ oxidative status. Sixty ewes were divided into five groups; C: basal diet (control); M: basal diet + 6 g/ewe RP methionine; L: basal diet + 5 g/ewe RP lysine; LML: basal diet + 6 g methionine and 5 g lysine/ewe; and HML: basal diet + 12 g methionine + 5 g lysine/ewe. Milk’s fat content increased in RP-AA fed ewes, while that of protein in M and L only. In blood plasma, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was reduced in the M, LML, and HML compared to C-fed ewes. An increase in glutathione transferase activity in the blood plasma of the M and LML compared to the C and HML-fed ewes were found. In milk, lower values of the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) in the LML and HML-fed ewes and of 2,2′-Azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) in LML only, were found. Lysine increased milk’s FRAP values and MDA content. Both L and HML diets increased milk’s protein carbonyls content. Methionine improves the organism’s oxidative status, without adversely affecting milk’s oxidative stability. Lysine dietary inclusion affects negatively the oxidative stability of milk.

ACS Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Christos Christodoulou; Paraskevi Kariampa; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Eleni Tsiplakou. Effects of Supplementing Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine on Milk Performance and Oxidative Status of Dairy Ewes. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 654 .

AMA Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis, Christina Mitsiopoulou, Christos Christodoulou, Paraskevi Kariampa, Marica Simoni, Federico Righi, Eleni Tsiplakou. Effects of Supplementing Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine on Milk Performance and Oxidative Status of Dairy Ewes. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (5):654.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Christos Christodoulou; Paraskevi Kariampa; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Eleni Tsiplakou. 2021. "Effects of Supplementing Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine on Milk Performance and Oxidative Status of Dairy Ewes." Antioxidants 10, no. 5: 654.

Journal article
Published: 05 March 2021 in Antioxidants
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This study aimed to determine the impact of sesame meal, selenium (Se), and vitamin E (VitE) on goats’ oxidative status. Thirty mid-lactation crossbred goats were divided into five homogeneous groups, and were fed 1 kg of alfalfa hay and 1.2 kg of concentrates daily. The control group (C) received a basal diet. In the concentrates of the treated groups, 10% of the soybean meal was replaced by sesame meal and no extra VitE or Se (SM), or an extra 60 mg of VitE (SME), or 0.1 mg organic Se (SMSe), or their combination (60 mg VitE and 0,1 mg organic Se/kg of concentrate (SMESe). In the plasma of the goats, the dietary treatments did not affect glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, catalase, superoxide dismutase activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, or the total antioxidant capacity. A reduction and a trend for lower protein carbonyls content was found in goats fed SM (p = 0.03) and SME (p = 0.06) compared to SMESe. In the milk, the lactoperoxidase activity decreased with SMSe and SMESe. A numerical decrease in the total antioxidant capacity and an increase in the MDA content in the milk of the SMESe group compared with the other treated groups was found. In mid-lactation goats, SM improves the oxidative status of both the organism and the milk.

ACS Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Chrysoula Karaiskou; Marica Simoni; Athanasios Pappas; Federico Righi; Kyriaki Sotirakoglou; Nikolaos Labrou. Sesame Meal, Vitamin E and Selenium Influence Goats’ Antioxidant Status. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 392 .

AMA Style

Eleni Tsiplakou, Christina Mitsiopoulou, Chrysoula Karaiskou, Marica Simoni, Athanasios Pappas, Federico Righi, Kyriaki Sotirakoglou, Nikolaos Labrou. Sesame Meal, Vitamin E and Selenium Influence Goats’ Antioxidant Status. Antioxidants. 2021; 10 (3):392.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Christina Mitsiopoulou; Chrysoula Karaiskou; Marica Simoni; Athanasios Pappas; Federico Righi; Kyriaki Sotirakoglou; Nikolaos Labrou. 2021. "Sesame Meal, Vitamin E and Selenium Influence Goats’ Antioxidant Status." Antioxidants 10, no. 3: 392.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Fat rich microorganisms, such as microalgae Schizochytrium spp., are potential biotechnological tools in the modulation of rumen microbiome towards ecofriendly and high nutritional value end-products. However, limited in vivo trials have been reported on the topic. The aim of this study was to contribute to the knowledge on the effect of fat rich microalgae on the methanogenic and feed degrading particle-associated microbes in goats’ rumen content. For the trial, twenty-four goats were divided into four homogenous clusters (six goats/treatment) according to their fat corrected (4%) milk yield, body weight and age and individually were fed with alfalfa hay and concentrate feeds (F/C = 50/50). The concentrate of the control group (CON) contained no microalgae, while those of the treated groups were supplemented daily with 20 (ALG20), 40 (ALG40), and 60 (ALG60) g of Schizochytrium spp./goat. The relative abundances of total Archaea, methanogens, Methanomassiliicoccales, Methanobrevibacter spp., Methanosphaera stadmanae and Methanobacterium formicicum were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in microalgae-fed goats compared to the CON ones. Moreover, a significant decline in the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Butyrivibrio fibrosolvents, and Neocallimastigales in the rumen particle-associated microbiota of microalgae supplemented goats were observed. In conclusion, goats’ diets supplementation with Schizochytrium spp., could be considered a sustainable nutritional strategy for methanogens inhibition in their rumen particle-associated microbiota.

ACS Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis; Dimitrios Skliros; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Emmanouil Flemetakis; Eleni Tsiplakou. Alterations in the Rumen Particle-Associated Microbiota of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation Levels of Schizochytrium spp. Sustainability 2021, 13, 607 .

AMA Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis, Dimitrios Skliros, Marica Simoni, Federico Righi, Emmanouil Flemetakis, Eleni Tsiplakou. Alterations in the Rumen Particle-Associated Microbiota of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation Levels of Schizochytrium spp. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (2):607.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alexandros Mavrommatis; Dimitrios Skliros; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Emmanouil Flemetakis; Eleni Tsiplakou. 2021. "Alterations in the Rumen Particle-Associated Microbiota of Goats in Response to Dietary Supplementation Levels of Schizochytrium spp." Sustainability 13, no. 2: 607.

Papers
Published: 01 January 2021 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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Data about diet and digestion process of cattle are important for the fine-tuning of the diet and from an environmental point of view. Given the capacity of the near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) to provide easily, quickly and cheap data its ability in predicting dietary and faecal chemical composition, fibre-bound N and total-tract apparent digestibility (ttaD) of beef cattle were tested. The ttaD was estimated using the dietary and faecal undigestible neutral detergent fibre (uNDF) as an internal marker. A total of 172 pool faecal samples and 164 total mixed ration (TMR) samples were randomly collected 24 h post-feeding across the fattening groups of young males and females Charolaise beef cattle. Both TMR and faeces were analysed chemically and through visible/NIRS instrument. Calibration models were developed using a modified partial least squares (mPLS) regression analysis and tested by a leave-one-out cross-validation procedure and the best calibrations were selected based on various parameters including the coefficient of determination of calibration (R2CrV) and the residual predictive deviation (RPD). The overall composition of TMR and faeces were similar to that reported in literature and the coefficient of variation was higher than 12% for most of the parameters studied. The NIRS was able to accurately predict the ADF, nitrogen (N), and ash content in the TMR, whereas in faeces only the ADF prediction was acceptable. The ttaD and total-tract true digestibility of N using the uNDF as an internal marker were inaccurately predicted both in TMR and in faeces (R2CrV ≤0.66; RPD ≤ 1.71).

ACS Style

Marica Simoni; Arianna Goi; Massimo De Marchi; Federico Righi. The use of visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to predict fibre fractions, fibre-bound nitrogen and total-tract apparent nutrients digestibility in beef cattle diets and faeces. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021, 20, 814 -825.

AMA Style

Marica Simoni, Arianna Goi, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Righi. The use of visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to predict fibre fractions, fibre-bound nitrogen and total-tract apparent nutrients digestibility in beef cattle diets and faeces. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2021; 20 (1):814-825.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marica Simoni; Arianna Goi; Massimo De Marchi; Federico Righi. 2021. "The use of visible/near-infrared spectroscopy to predict fibre fractions, fibre-bound nitrogen and total-tract apparent nutrients digestibility in beef cattle diets and faeces." Italian Journal of Animal Science 20, no. 1: 814-825.

Paper
Published: 14 December 2020 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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The aim of this trial was to investigate the effects of a blend of monoglycerides of short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SMCFA) on health status and growth of preweaned male calves from 16 to 72 days of age. The in vivo study was conducted as a complete randomised block design. Twenty Italian Holstein calves received starter administered ad libitum and 6 L of milk replacer/day (12% powder concentration) and were divided into treated (T) and control (C) groups. A preliminary in vitro antibiotic activity test of SMCFA was performed on several bacterial strains showing a minimum inhibiting concentration ranging from 0.8 to 12.5%. The group T received SMCFA (11 g/day) within the milk replacer while, to obtain isoenergetic liquid diets, the group C received additional 18 g/day of milk replacer powder. Body weight and morphological measurements of the calves were performed weekly. Health scores were checked daily. Faecal and blood samples were collected every two weeks for routine clinical investigations including serum concentration of non-esterified fatty acids and β-Hydroxybutyric acid. At the end of the trial calves were slaughtered and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) organs weighed. The group T reported a better health status and did not require Ab therapy. No differences in biometrical measurements, feed efficiency, blood parameters, and GIT measures were found between the two groups. At 44 days of age, group T showed higher β-Hydroxybutyric acid concentration compared to group C (p < .05). The SMCFA improved the calf health status avoiding the use of antimicrobics.

ACS Style

Federico Righi; Marica Simoni; Carla Bresciani; Clotilde Silvia Cabassi; Sara Flisi; Mikenzie England Hanlon; Andrea Sala; Costanza Spadini; Massimiliano Festuccia; Giorgio Morini; Ferdinando Gazza; Luisa Ragionieri; Afro Quarantelli. Adding monoglycerides containing short and medium chain fatty acids to milk replacer: effects on health and performance of preweaned calves. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020, 19, 1417 -1427.

AMA Style

Federico Righi, Marica Simoni, Carla Bresciani, Clotilde Silvia Cabassi, Sara Flisi, Mikenzie England Hanlon, Andrea Sala, Costanza Spadini, Massimiliano Festuccia, Giorgio Morini, Ferdinando Gazza, Luisa Ragionieri, Afro Quarantelli. Adding monoglycerides containing short and medium chain fatty acids to milk replacer: effects on health and performance of preweaned calves. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2020; 19 (1):1417-1427.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Federico Righi; Marica Simoni; Carla Bresciani; Clotilde Silvia Cabassi; Sara Flisi; Mikenzie England Hanlon; Andrea Sala; Costanza Spadini; Massimiliano Festuccia; Giorgio Morini; Ferdinando Gazza; Luisa Ragionieri; Afro Quarantelli. 2020. "Adding monoglycerides containing short and medium chain fatty acids to milk replacer: effects on health and performance of preweaned calves." Italian Journal of Animal Science 19, no. 1: 1417-1427.

Journal article
Published: 26 November 2020 in Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
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ACS Style

Piero Franceschi; Massimo Malacarne; Paolo Formaggioni; Federico Righi; Andrea Summer. Chemical composition, hygiene characteristics, and coagulation aptitude of milk for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese from herds yielding different milk levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 2020, 49, 1 .

AMA Style

Piero Franceschi, Massimo Malacarne, Paolo Formaggioni, Federico Righi, Andrea Summer. Chemical composition, hygiene characteristics, and coagulation aptitude of milk for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese from herds yielding different milk levels. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 2020; 49 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piero Franceschi; Massimo Malacarne; Paolo Formaggioni; Federico Righi; Andrea Summer. 2020. "Chemical composition, hygiene characteristics, and coagulation aptitude of milk for Parmigiano Reggiano cheese from herds yielding different milk levels." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 49, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 16 September 2020 in Animals
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the ability of a handheld near-infrared spectrometer to predict total and gelatinized starch, insoluble fibrous fractions, and mineral content in extruded dry dog food. Intact and ground samples were compared to determine if the homogenization could improve the prediction performance of the instrument. Reference analyses were performed on 81 samples for starch and 99 for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and minerals, and reflectance infrared spectra (740 to 1070 nm) were recorded with a SCiO™ near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. Prediction models were developed using modified partial least squares regression and both internal (leave-one-out cross-validation) and external validation. The best prediction models in cross-validation using ground samples were obtained for gelatinized starch (residual predictive deviation, RPD = 2.54) and total starch (RPD = 2.33), and S (RPD = 1.92), while the best using intact samples were obtained for gelatinized starch (RPD = 2.45), total starch (RPD = 2.08), and K (RPD = 1.98). Through external validation, the best statistics were obtained for gelatinized starch, with an RPD of 2.55 and 2.03 in ground and intact samples, respectively. Overall, there was no difference in prediction models accuracy using ground or intact samples. In conclusion, the miniaturized NIR instrument offers the potential for screening purposes only for total and gelatinized starch, S, and K, whereas the results do not support its applicability for the other traits.

ACS Style

Arianna Goi; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Giulio Visentin; Massimo De Marchi. Application of a Handheld Near-Infrared Spectrometer to Predict Gelatinized Starch, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Content of Ground and Intact Extruded Dry Dog Food. Animals 2020, 10, 1660 .

AMA Style

Arianna Goi, Marica Simoni, Federico Righi, Giulio Visentin, Massimo De Marchi. Application of a Handheld Near-Infrared Spectrometer to Predict Gelatinized Starch, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Content of Ground and Intact Extruded Dry Dog Food. Animals. 2020; 10 (9):1660.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arianna Goi; Marica Simoni; Federico Righi; Giulio Visentin; Massimo De Marchi. 2020. "Application of a Handheld Near-Infrared Spectrometer to Predict Gelatinized Starch, Fiber Fractions, and Mineral Content of Ground and Intact Extruded Dry Dog Food." Animals 10, no. 9: 1660.

Journal article
Published: 11 July 2020 in Italian Journal of Animal Science
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ACS Style

Marica Simoni; Rokia Temmar; Davide Augusto Bignamini; Andreas Foskolos; Alberto Sabbioni; Michela Ablondi; Afro Quarantelli; Federico Righi. Effects of the combination between selected phytochemicals and the carriers silica and Tween 80 on dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility of common feeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2020, 19, 723 -738.

AMA Style

Marica Simoni, Rokia Temmar, Davide Augusto Bignamini, Andreas Foskolos, Alberto Sabbioni, Michela Ablondi, Afro Quarantelli, Federico Righi. Effects of the combination between selected phytochemicals and the carriers silica and Tween 80 on dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility of common feeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2020; 19 (1):723-738.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marica Simoni; Rokia Temmar; Davide Augusto Bignamini; Andreas Foskolos; Alberto Sabbioni; Michela Ablondi; Afro Quarantelli; Federico Righi. 2020. "Effects of the combination between selected phytochemicals and the carriers silica and Tween 80 on dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility of common feeds." Italian Journal of Animal Science 19, no. 1: 723-738.

Journal article
Published: 16 May 2020 in Animals
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This study aimed to assess the feasibility of visible/near-infrared reflectance (Vis-NIR) and near-infrared transmittance (NIT) spectroscopy to predict total and gelatinized starch and fiber fractions in extruded dry dog food. Reference laboratory analyses were performed on 81 samples, and the spectrum of each ground sample was obtained through Vis-NIR and NIT spectrometers. Prediction equations for each instrument were developed by modified partial least squares regressions and validated by cross- (CrV) and external validation (ExV) procedures. All studied traits were better predicted by Vis-NIR than NIT spectroscopy. With Vis-NIR, excellent prediction models were obtained for total starch (residual predictive deviation; RPDCrV = 6.33; RPDExV = 4.43), gelatinized starch (RPDCrV = 4.62; RPDExV = 4.36), neutral detergent fiber (NDF; RPDCrV = 3.93; RPDExV = 4.31), and acid detergent fiber (ADF; RPDCrV = 5.80; RPDExV = 5.67). With NIT, RPDCrV ranged from 1.75 (ADF) to 2.61 (acid detergent lignin, ADL) and RPDExV from 1.71 (ADL) to 2.16 (total starch). In conclusion, results of the present study demonstrated the feasibility of at-line Vis-NIR spectroscopy in predicting total and gelatinized starch, NDF, and ADF, with lower accuracy for ADL, whereas results do not support the applicability of NIT spectroscopy to predict those traits.

ACS Style

Arianna Goi; Carmen L. Manuelian; Federico Righi; Massimo De Marchi. At-line Prediction of Gelatinized Starch and Fiber Fractions in Extruded Dry Dog Food Using Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technologies. Animals 2020, 10, 862 .

AMA Style

Arianna Goi, Carmen L. Manuelian, Federico Righi, Massimo De Marchi. At-line Prediction of Gelatinized Starch and Fiber Fractions in Extruded Dry Dog Food Using Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technologies. Animals. 2020; 10 (5):862.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arianna Goi; Carmen L. Manuelian; Federico Righi; Massimo De Marchi. 2020. "At-line Prediction of Gelatinized Starch and Fiber Fractions in Extruded Dry Dog Food Using Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Technologies." Animals 10, no. 5: 862.

Research article
Published: 14 May 2020 in PLOS ONE
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Rumen protected amino acids inclusion in ewes’ diets has been proposed to enhance their innate immunity. The objective of this work was to determine the impact of dietary supplementation with rumen-protected methionine or lysine, as well as with a combination of these amino acids in two different ratios, on the expression of selected key-genes (NLRs, MyD88, TRIF, MAPK-1, IRF-3, JunD, TRAF-3, IRF-5, IL-1α, IL-10, IKK-α, STAT-3 and HO-1). Thus, sixty Chios dairy ewes (Ovis aries) were assigned to one of the following five dietary treatments (12 animals/ treatment): A: basal diet consist of concentrates, wheat straw and alfalfa hay (control group); B: basal diet +6.0 g/head rumen-protected methionine; C: basal diet + 5.0 g/head rumen-protected lysine; D: basal diet +6.0 g/head rumen-protected methionine + 5.0 g/head rumen-protected lysine and E: basal diet +12.0 g/head rumen-protected methionine + 5.0 g/head rumen-protected lysine. The results revealed a significant downregulation of relative transcript level of the IL-1α gene in the neutrophils of C and in monocytes of D ewes compared with the control. Significantly lower mRNA transcript accumulation was also observed for the MyD88 gene in the neutrophils of ewes fed with lysine only (C). The mRNA relative expression levels of JunD gene were highly induced in the monocytes, while those of IL-10 and HO-1 genes were declined in the neutrophils of ewes fed with the C and D diets compared with the control. Lower transcript levels of STAT-3 gene were observed in the neutrophils of ewes fed with either C or with E diets in comparison with the control. In conclusion, our results suggest that the dietary supplementation of ewes with rumen-protected amino acids, down regulate the expression of some genes involved in the pro-inflammatory signalling.

ACS Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Alexandros Mavrommatis; Dimitrios Skliros; Federico Righi; Emmanouil Flemetakis. The impact of rumen-protected amino acids on the expression of key- genes involved in the innate immunity of dairy sheep. PLOS ONE 2020, 15, e0233192 .

AMA Style

Eleni Tsiplakou, Alexandros Mavrommatis, Dimitrios Skliros, Federico Righi, Emmanouil Flemetakis. The impact of rumen-protected amino acids on the expression of key- genes involved in the innate immunity of dairy sheep. PLOS ONE. 2020; 15 (5):e0233192.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Eleni Tsiplakou; Alexandros Mavrommatis; Dimitrios Skliros; Federico Righi; Emmanouil Flemetakis. 2020. "The impact of rumen-protected amino acids on the expression of key- genes involved in the innate immunity of dairy sheep." PLOS ONE 15, no. 5: e0233192.

Review
Published: 03 April 2020 in Animals
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The organic livestock sector has been experiencing a fast growth and, lately, organic farming has become a trending topic. However, the scientific research behind the organic livestock sector is not often clear. A bibliometric review is the first approach to a topic because it helps to provide an overview of the research conducted on the topic itself. It identifies the countries involved in organic livestock production research and the scientific interaction between countries and authors, and it allows to map the keywords of the published papers. These are all key aspects to bear in mind when starting a new research area or writing a research proposal. The bibliometric analysis conducted here includes peer-reviewed documents to guarantee, from a scientific point of view, the quality of the selected studies. In this paper, we present a new technique to analyze the literature from a bibliometric point of view, and the results and conclusions extracted from the investigated topic (i.e., organic livestock production).

ACS Style

Carmen L. Manuelian; Mauro Penasa; Luciana Da Costa; Sara Burbi; Federico Righi; Massimo De Marchi. Organic Livestock Production: A Bibliometric Review. Animals 2020, 10, 618 .

AMA Style

Carmen L. Manuelian, Mauro Penasa, Luciana Da Costa, Sara Burbi, Federico Righi, Massimo De Marchi. Organic Livestock Production: A Bibliometric Review. Animals. 2020; 10 (4):618.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carmen L. Manuelian; Mauro Penasa; Luciana Da Costa; Sara Burbi; Federico Righi; Massimo De Marchi. 2020. "Organic Livestock Production: A Bibliometric Review." Animals 10, no. 4: 618.

Ruminants
Published: 01 January 2019 in Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
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This study evaluated the effects of feeding calcareous marine algae or sodium bicarbonate as rumen buffer on the performance, behaviour, in vitro diet digestibility, and meat quality of beef cattle. A total of 180 Charolaise bullocks (536±38 kg; 14±1 months of age) were divided into two homogeneous groups and fed a diet with a mineral mix containing 40% sodium bicarbonate or 20% calcareous marine algae (CMA) for the entire fattening period (130 days). Of the in vivo and in vitro parameters evaluated, CMA supplementation improved average daily gain and feed conversion ratio and reduced the prevalence of bloat and lameness. Bullocks fed CMA tended to exhibit a calmer behaviour while in the pen. Supplementation with CMA improved rumen pH and in vitro digestion. Meat from bullocks fed CMA showed a lower pH and higher lightness and tenderness. The results suggest that CMA is more effective than sodium bicarbonate in buffering beef cattle, with a positive impact on growth performance, feed efficiency, health, and meat quality.

ACS Style

Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi; Riccardo Compiani; Gianluca Baldi; Stephen J. Taylor; Federico Righi; Marica Simoni; Afro Quarantelli. Replacing sodium bicarbonate with half amount of calcareous marine algae in the diet of beef cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 2019, 48, 1 .

AMA Style

Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi, Riccardo Compiani, Gianluca Baldi, Stephen J. Taylor, Federico Righi, Marica Simoni, Afro Quarantelli. Replacing sodium bicarbonate with half amount of calcareous marine algae in the diet of beef cattle. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia. 2019; 48 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Angelo Sgoifo Rossi; Riccardo Compiani; Gianluca Baldi; Stephen J. Taylor; Federico Righi; Marica Simoni; Afro Quarantelli. 2019. "Replacing sodium bicarbonate with half amount of calcareous marine algae in the diet of beef cattle." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 48, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 20 November 2018 in Agriculture
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The careful monitoring of cows helps minimise pain and distress during calving; moreover, knowing the exact time of birth is important to ensure timely assistance and the adequate ingestion of colostrum by the calf. However, direct visual observation is time-consuming, and the continuous presence of an observer during stage two of calving can disturb cows. Video cameras or accelerometers recording the behaviour of cows can be integrated in systems using image analysis or locomotive activity to alert the farmer as to when calving is imminent. However, alerting systems require the input of benchmark information about behaviours and changes in behaviours that can be predictive of the time of calving. Eight cows in a calving barn were continuously video-monitored. The recordings of the 24 h before delivery were analysed by instantaneous time sampling to identify the behaviours associated with an imminent birth. The same were collected in an ethogram including lying, standing, walking, turning the head towards the abdomen, eating, ruminating, drinking, sniffing the ground, allogrooming, self-grooming, and posture-changing. In our conditions, the only behaviour that was significantly influenced by the distance to delivery was posture-changing (p < 0.0001). Two h before the delivery, the proportion of posture changes was different from all of the hourly proportions measured from −24 to −3 h relative to delivery (p < 0.005), resulting in 3.6 times the average of the previous 22 h relative to delivery. An increase of posture changes may be an indicator of calving approaching, but further studies are needed to input benchmark values in alerting systems.

ACS Style

Marisanna Speroni; Massimo Malacarne; Federico Righi; Piero Franceschi; Andrea Summer. Increasing of Posture Changes as Indicator of Imminent Calving in Dairy Cows. Agriculture 2018, 8, 182 .

AMA Style

Marisanna Speroni, Massimo Malacarne, Federico Righi, Piero Franceschi, Andrea Summer. Increasing of Posture Changes as Indicator of Imminent Calving in Dairy Cows. Agriculture. 2018; 8 (11):182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marisanna Speroni; Massimo Malacarne; Federico Righi; Piero Franceschi; Andrea Summer. 2018. "Increasing of Posture Changes as Indicator of Imminent Calving in Dairy Cows." Agriculture 8, no. 11: 182.

Erratum
Published: 01 August 2018 in Animal Reproduction Science
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Carla Bresciani; Annalisa Bianchera; Ruggero Bettini; Annamaria Buschini; Laura Marchi; Clotilde Silvia Cabassi; Alberto Sabbioni; Federico Righi; Claudio Mazzoni; Enrico Parmigiani. Corrigendum to “Long-term liquid storage and reproductive evaluation of an innovative boar semen extender (Formula12®) containing anon-reducing disaccharide and an enzymatic agent” [Anim. Reprod. Sci. 180 (2017) 10–16]. Animal Reproduction Science 2018, 196, 239 .

AMA Style

Carla Bresciani, Annalisa Bianchera, Ruggero Bettini, Annamaria Buschini, Laura Marchi, Clotilde Silvia Cabassi, Alberto Sabbioni, Federico Righi, Claudio Mazzoni, Enrico Parmigiani. Corrigendum to “Long-term liquid storage and reproductive evaluation of an innovative boar semen extender (Formula12®) containing anon-reducing disaccharide and an enzymatic agent” [Anim. Reprod. Sci. 180 (2017) 10–16]. Animal Reproduction Science. 2018; 196 ():239.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carla Bresciani; Annalisa Bianchera; Ruggero Bettini; Annamaria Buschini; Laura Marchi; Clotilde Silvia Cabassi; Alberto Sabbioni; Federico Righi; Claudio Mazzoni; Enrico Parmigiani. 2018. "Corrigendum to “Long-term liquid storage and reproductive evaluation of an innovative boar semen extender (Formula12®) containing anon-reducing disaccharide and an enzymatic agent” [Anim. Reprod. Sci. 180 (2017) 10–16]." Animal Reproduction Science 196, no. : 239.

Research article
Published: 27 June 2018 in PLOS ONE
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The royal python (Python regius) is commonly bred in captivity. To have a successful breeding season, accurate monitoring of the reproductive activity is necessary. The use of non-invasive monitoring methods in exotics is important in order to minimize stress. For this purpose ultrasound has been anecdotally used to monitor royal python reproductive activity. However, there is limited information regarding the reproductive cycle of this species. The aim of the present study is to monitor the female reproductive cycle of the royal python using ultrasonography and gonadal steroid metabolite measurements in the faeces. The reproductive activity of one hundred twenty-nine adult female P. regius was examined during two consecutive years. We performed brief scans on non-anaesthetized snakes using a portable ultrasound system and a 10–12 MHz linear array transducer (MyLab™ 30 Gold, Esaote). Ultrasound features, dimension and echogenicity of the reproductive structures were determined. During the second reproductive cycle, the hormonal profiles of 30 animals were also evaluated, with a monthly collection of faecal samples. These samples were classified according to reproductive stage, as identified by ultrasonographic examination, and the mean faecal progesterone and 17β-estradiol levels were calculated using the results from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Progesterone levels increased during the reproductive cycle. Estradiol levels showed greater variability, although they appeared to increase before coupling when compared to the levels between coupling and egg laying. The present study suggests that it is possible to identify different phases in the female royal python reproductive cycle: anovulatory phase, transition, folliculogenesis and embryogenesis. Ultrasound is also useful for identifying follicular regression or slugs. Gonadal steroid metabolite measurements from the faeces could help integrate reproductive information. The use of ultrasonography in addition to the steroid metabolite measurement in the faeces gives an accurate picture of ovarian activity in captive adult female royal pythons.

ACS Style

Mara Bertocchi; Igor Pelizzone; Enrico Parmigiani; Patrizia Ponzio; Elisabetta Macchi; Federico Righi; Nicola Di Girolamo; Enrico Bigliardi; Laura Denti; Carla Bresciani; Francesco Di Ianni. Monitoring the reproductive activity in captive bred female ball pythons (P. regius) by ultrasound evaluation and noninvasive analysis of faecal reproductive hormone (progesterone and 17β-estradiol) metabolites trends. PLOS ONE 2018, 13, e0199377 .

AMA Style

Mara Bertocchi, Igor Pelizzone, Enrico Parmigiani, Patrizia Ponzio, Elisabetta Macchi, Federico Righi, Nicola Di Girolamo, Enrico Bigliardi, Laura Denti, Carla Bresciani, Francesco Di Ianni. Monitoring the reproductive activity in captive bred female ball pythons (P. regius) by ultrasound evaluation and noninvasive analysis of faecal reproductive hormone (progesterone and 17β-estradiol) metabolites trends. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13 (6):e0199377.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mara Bertocchi; Igor Pelizzone; Enrico Parmigiani; Patrizia Ponzio; Elisabetta Macchi; Federico Righi; Nicola Di Girolamo; Enrico Bigliardi; Laura Denti; Carla Bresciani; Francesco Di Ianni. 2018. "Monitoring the reproductive activity in captive bred female ball pythons (P. regius) by ultrasound evaluation and noninvasive analysis of faecal reproductive hormone (progesterone and 17β-estradiol) metabolites trends." PLOS ONE 13, no. 6: e0199377.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Journal of Dairy Science
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The aim of the present study was to investigate sources of variation of milk composition and technological characteristics routinely collected in field conditions in the Italian dairy industry. A total of 40,896 bulk milk records from 620 herds and 10 regions across Italy were analyzed. Composition traits were fat, protein, and casein percentages, urea content, and somatic cell score; and technological characteristics were rennet coagulation time, curd firming time, curd firmness 30 min after rennet addition to milk, and titratable acidity. Data of herd bulk milks were analyzed using a model that included fixed effects of region, herd nested within region, and season of milk analysis. An average good milk quality was reported in the dairy industry (especially concerning fat, protein, and casein percentages), and moderate to high correlations between composition and technological traits were observed. All factors included in the statistical model were significant in explaining the variation of the studied traits except for region effect in the analysis of casein and somatic cell score. Northeast and central-southern Italian regions showed the best performance for composition and technological features, respectively. Traits largely varied across regions, which could reflect differences in herd management and strategies. Overall, less suitable milk for dairy processing was observed in summer. Results of the present study suggested that a constant monitoring of technological traits in the dairy industry is necessary to improve production quality at herd level and it may be a way to segregate milk according to its processing characteristics.

ACS Style

A. Benedet; Carmen L. Manuelian; M. Penasa; M. Cassandro; Federico Righi; M. Sternieri; P. Galimberti; A.V. Zambrini; M. De Marchi. Factors associated with herd bulk milk composition and technological traits in the Italian dairy industry. Journal of Dairy Science 2018, 101, 934 -943.

AMA Style

A. Benedet, Carmen L. Manuelian, M. Penasa, M. Cassandro, Federico Righi, M. Sternieri, P. Galimberti, A.V. Zambrini, M. De Marchi. Factors associated with herd bulk milk composition and technological traits in the Italian dairy industry. Journal of Dairy Science. 2018; 101 (2):934-943.

Chicago/Turabian Style

A. Benedet; Carmen L. Manuelian; M. Penasa; M. Cassandro; Federico Righi; M. Sternieri; P. Galimberti; A.V. Zambrini; M. De Marchi. 2018. "Factors associated with herd bulk milk composition and technological traits in the Italian dairy industry." Journal of Dairy Science 101, no. 2: 934-943.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2018 in Small Ruminant Research
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Alberto Sabbioni; Valentino Beretti; Michela Ablondi; Federico Righi; Paola Superchi. Allometric coefficients for carcass and non-carcass components in a local meat-type sheep breed. Small Ruminant Research 2018, 159, 69 -74.

AMA Style

Alberto Sabbioni, Valentino Beretti, Michela Ablondi, Federico Righi, Paola Superchi. Allometric coefficients for carcass and non-carcass components in a local meat-type sheep breed. Small Ruminant Research. 2018; 159 ():69-74.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alberto Sabbioni; Valentino Beretti; Michela Ablondi; Federico Righi; Paola Superchi. 2018. "Allometric coefficients for carcass and non-carcass components in a local meat-type sheep breed." Small Ruminant Research 159, no. : 69-74.